金門觀光英文解說參考手冊

【編者按：金門素以觀光立縣，亦不斷朝國際化目標努力，期讓世界認識金門，也推動金門走向世界。為擴大對金門旅遊之介紹，因應逐漸增多的外籍學生與旅客所需，如何讓導覽解說人員有能力以英語推介金門，實為旅遊環境國際化工作的重要一環。緣此，本報特協調金門縣政府交通旅遊局，提供「金門觀光英文解說參考手冊」，授權本報連載刊登以饗讀者。
本書作者為國立金門技術學院觀光管理系教授陳建民，及曾客座於應用外語系之外籍教授漢貴恩，相關圖片則由呂怡艷、李筱梅、蔡瑩慧、呂昭勇等提供，全書中英對照、圖文並茂，實為地區從事外語導覽解說之寶典，內容計分金門簡介、戰役史蹟、風景名勝、民俗特產、小吃、行程建議等章節。本報將透過專刊形式陸續刊載，供各界參考應用，並對金門縣政府、交通旅遊局、國立金門技術學院一併致謝。】

Foreword
In recent years, due to the trend of globalization, economic developments have gradually become more and more important, and the tourism industry has also been affected. Kinmen was a battlefield, and its tourism industry started late and lagged behind, but its profound cultural resources and precious war history could not be ignored. Therefore, the government of Kinmen has been constantly focused on culture and tourism development, and one of the policies I have been making efforts to implement since my tenure of office is to "make Kinmen known on both sides of the Strait, and to move towards the global community".
The way of making Kinmen connected with the global community lies feasibly and practically in the development of the tourism industry. Thus an in-depth English guidebook of Kinmen tourism is necessary for foreigners. For this reason, Kinmen County Government purposely invited professors of National Kinmen Institute of Technology to write this book for those who would like to know more about Kinmen, and they are likely to love Kinmen more after reading it.
This English-Chinese guidebook focuses upon and systematically sorts out all of the tourism resources in Kinmen to suit the readers' need. The book can also contribute to the development of Kinmen tourism industry as well as to the promotion of Kinmen internationally. Besides that, the book is presented in the form of a series of dialogues between a tourist and a tour guide. Anyone who makes good use of this guidebook can both be a good promoter of Kinmen tourism and an informal participant in foreign service.
Lee Chu-feng Mayor of Kinmen
縣長序
近年來在全球化的趨勢下，經濟發展的重要性與日俱增，而觀光產業更是受到立即且直接的影響。金門曾屬戰地，在發展觀光方面起步較晚，但是其雄厚的文化資產與珍貴的戰役史蹟是不容忽視的。因此，文化和觀光立縣一直是金門的重要施政目標，而「讓兩岸認識金門，讓金門走向世界」，也是本人上任以來大力倡導的政策之一。
欲讓金門和世界接軌，從觀光產業上著手是實際而可行的。要讓國際人士認識金門，也必須要有深入的英文導覽書籍。有鑑於此，本府特別委請國立金門技術學院編纂本書，使外籍人士在認識金門之餘，進而瞭解金門、喜歡金門。
本書將金門觀光各方面的資源以中英文對照，作有系統的整理、分類，內容豐富詳實，符合讀者需求，而且對促進金門觀光事業的發展極為重要，也是推動金門走向國際化的第一步。此外，本書對於導遊與遊客雙方之互動，也提供了一份生動的劇本。任何人善用本書，在推銷金門觀光之餘，也能同時做好國民外交的工作。
金門縣縣長 李炷烽
中華民國九十三年夏

金門簡介(Briefing)
Kinmen has many ancient names such as Wujhou, Sianjhou, Wujiang, Changwu and so on. During the twentieth year in the reign of Emperor Hong Wu in the Ming dynasty (1387A.D.), Jhou Teh-shing, Marquis（註1） of Jianghsia established a one-thousand-household garrison（註2） at Old Jincheng to defend this island. The name of Kinmen ("Gateway Fortress") was given because the island was considered impregnable（註3） and safe, a fortified fortress that could serve as a gateway for navigational routes. In 1915, Kinmen became a full-fledged（註4） autonomous county.

金門舊時稱為浯洲、仙洲、浯江、滄浯等。後來明太祖洪武 20 年(西元 1387年)，江夏侯周德興在島上(現在的舊金城) 置守禦千戶所，築城設寨。並且，因為島上的地勢「固若金湯，雄鎮海門」，所以取名為「金門城」。民國四年（西元1915年），金門始設縣治。

Kinmen is an historical island, and is full of human and natural resources. It has 15 additional islands, including the largest secondary island, Lieyu (Little Kinmen), Dadan, and Erdan islets, etc., with a total area of about 150.456 square meters. Kinmen has five administrative townships, namely Jincheng, Jinhu, Jinsha, Jinning, and Lieyu. Its population is approximately 60,000.
金門是一個歷史悠久的小島，島上有豐富的人文資源和自然資源。目前總面積約為150.456平方公里，包括金門本島、烈嶼（小金門）、大膽、二膽等共有十五個大小島嶼。在行政區域上區分為金城鎮、金湖鎮、金沙鎮、金寧鄉、烈嶼鄉等五個鄉鎮，現有人口近60,000人。

Located to the west of the Taiwan Strait and at the Jiulong River estuary（註5） off the coast of Xiamen, Kinmen is strategically important. Because of its position, Kinmen has experienced many battles in history. In October of 1937, Kinmen was occupied by the Japanese military, and didn't recover from the enemy until 1945 when the ROC won the Anti-Japanese war. In 1949, the Nationalist army retreated from mainland China and was stationed in Kinmen. On October 25th of the same year, a battle occurred at Guningtou. The ensuing（註6） battles that occurred in Kinmen include the Dadan & Erdan Battle in 1950, the September 3rd Battle in 1954, and the August 23rd Artillery Battle in 1958. Fortunately, Kinmen has survived many battles and become an internationally famous island.

金門位於台灣海峽以西、廈門沿海的九龍江口外。由於戰略位置重要，在這小小的島嶼上，曾經受到幾次戰役的洗禮。民國二十六年（西元1937年）十月金門淪陷於日本，直到民國三十四年（西元1945年）抗日戰爭勝利後，金門才回歸祖國。民國三十八年（西元1949年）國軍從大陸撤退後，即駐守金門，同年十月二十五日發生古寧頭大戰；民國三十九年（西元1950年）發生大二膽戰役；民國四十三年（西元1954年）有九三砲戰；民國四十七年（西元1958年）則發生八二三砲戰等。所幸經歷這麼多的戰爭，金門仍然屹力不搖，並且成為舉世聞名的小島。

The traditional southern Fujian architecture is one of the features in Kinmen. Besides that, the combination of Chinese and Western style houses is another. Those houses built by early residents of Kinmen who had made a fortune doing business in the Southeast Asian countries still remain examples of stylish southern Fujian architecture, even if they are blended in with a foreign flavor.

金門的閩南傳統建築是島上的特色之一；此外，中西合璧的洋樓亦是金門建築的另一項特色。由金門早期先民到南洋一帶經商致富返鄉所建造的洋房，除了保留閩南建築風格外，還融合了南洋的風味。

Kinmen has a subtropical climate. After the middle of September of each year, the northeastern monsoon（註7） wind strengthens and blows to Kinmen. Not until April of the following year does the wind change its direction to come from the southwest. With the blowing of the southwestern wind in April, Kinmen usually hides itself in the midst of mist and fog. The four seasons of Kinmen are very clear, and the months with an average temperature above 20 degrees Celsius total six, from May through October. The yearly precipitation（註8） of Kinmen measures as low as 1,000 millimeters or so. Since there is not any river here, a lot of lakes and dams have been dug and built during the past ten years to meet the residents' demand for water. The basal rocks of Kinmen are of granite-gneiss（註9） formation, and the highest mountain on the island is Taiwu Mountain, at an elevation（註10） of 253 meters above sea level. Due to its poor soil, the agricultural activities in Kinmen are mostly centered on dry land crops such as sorghum, wheat, peanut, sweet potato, taro, etc.

金門屬於亞熱帶氣候，九月中旬以後，東北季風漸漸增強；直到翌年四月才漸漸轉為西南風。四月的西南風，常常將金門鎖在迷濛的濃霧中。金門四季分明，平均溫度在攝氏20度以上的有六個月（每年的五月至十月），年雨量大約在一千公厘左右；由於沒有巨川長流，近十年來，大量開闢人工湖庫，以解決民生用水。島上的地質主要是花崗片麻岩；最高峰是太武山，海拔253公尺。在土壤貧瘠不良的情況下，農業生產以旱作為主，種植高粱、小麥、花生、地瓜、芋頭等。（一）

簡略解說-
‧註1：marquis /noun/-侯爵。西方的貴族制度正好可與我國封建時代「公、侯、伯、子、男」相對應，其英文翻譯為：公爵-duke；侯爵-marquess（或marquis）；伯爵-earl；子爵-viscount；男爵-baron。
‧註2：garrison /noun/-可指駐防的部隊或駐在地，亦即要塞。類似的同義詞還包括fort、fortress、（military）post等。
‧註3：impregnable /adj/-堅不可摧的，難以攻陷的。
‧註4：fledged /adj/-其原意（fledge）為照顧小鳥使其羽翼豐滿，此處以分詞形式用為形容詞，表示有法定資格、已具備資格、有能力的、稱職的。
‧註5：estuary /noun/-河口
‧註6：ensuing /adj/-接踵而來的，接著發生的
‧註7：monsoon /noun/-季風；亦指雨季
‧註8：precipitation /noun/-降雨量
‧註9：granite-gneiss /noun/-這兩個單字分別指花崗石與片麻岩
‧註10：elevation /noun/-海拔，用於指涉高度時，通常說 at an elevation of ～