輕鬆學英語
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《Teaching》CreatingaLessonPlan
The Kinmen ETAs (English Teaching Assistants) are back and ready to teach a second semester at the Kinhu English Theme Learning Center, the KETLC. The stations or simulated classrooms are the Beach, the Hotel, the Kitchen, the Airplane, Customs and Duty Free, and the Transportation Station. This semester the teachers have changed the lesson plans to accommodate fifth grade levels of English. What are some of the differences that schools will see this semester? All of the new lessons have been adjusted to meet the needs of Kinmen's fifth graders. This means there are fewer vocabulary words and sentence patterns. Creating a lesson plan is a lengthy process. Successful lessons require three parts: goals and objectives, varied activities, and a time limit for each of the station's activities. All of the stations in EV have been successful because the teachers have decided what their station's specific goals and objectives were. Goals and objectives guide a lesson. An example of a lesson goal would be for students to learn how to order a meal in English. Once a lesson's goals and objectives are determined it is easier for teachers to create accessible and focused activities. Balancing activities is crucial in keeping students engaged, and keeps management problems to a minimum. A balanced lesson includes activities that allow students to practice their conversation, writing, and listening skills. Activities make lessons fun for students. If a station consists of only one type of activity, students have difficulty focusing because they are bored. Activities that allowed students to move around the classroom while using the station's vocabulary and sentences were very successful last semester. Creating accurate time limits is the most difficult part when designing lesson plans. Within a lesson plan teachers must estimate how long an activity will take, but it is hard to determine the perfect amount of time until they practice with actual students. All the teachers at the KETLC have learned this point well and we are excited to welcome Kinmen's fifth graders this semester to the KETLC to experience our brand new lessons.
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英文原來這樣說(English is a piece of cake)
◆Welcome back! 不知道大家有沒有好好把Brian老師的專欄仔細讀完後好好背誦(memorize)練習呢?希望大家可不要太過慵懶,到時候因為英文表達太差勁(too lame)被老闆或大考打入冷宮(in the doghouse)就糟了!說到這裡就來比較幾個常用易混淆表達語喔: (A)laid-back (a.):lie躺下的過去分詞,整個人躺在海灘椅上享受日光沐浴的樣子,一整個就是無憂無慮,所以也可以說成care-free.(-free代表沒有)。生活上還是得積極點,可別讓別人老是收拾你的爛攤子(pick up the slack)。 (B)laid-off (a.):off有關閉和遠離的解釋,老闆讓你滾去喝西北風,那可就慘了!所以laid-off就是被解雇的意思喔!同義的表達還有: 1.get fired (如果說fire away就是叫對方有事快說,不要拐彎抹角beat around the bush) 2.get axed (axe斧頭) 3.get sacked(英式用語,英檢聽力常考句) 4.be given a boot(叫你穿好鞋離開) 5.be given a pink slip(在國外的解聘通知信都是粉紅色的!) ◆過年後通常都會波離職潮,如果是自己主動離職想換個新環境可以說: 1.我想離職了! I want to quit. (quitter就是半途而廢的人。) 2.該是離職的時候。 It's time to resign.(re-:再一次, sign簽名,同學可以想像你進公司簽合約離開簽退的情景。) 3.我希望可以找到更有挑戰的職位。 I am looking for a position with greater challenges. 寒假放完一陣子,肯定會很期待下一次旅行的日期吧!今年的假期連假真是不少,讓許多悶在辦公室隔間(office cubicle)或教室裏的同學很想出去透透氣吧!其實要是天天放假,生活可就少了努力的動力,有工作的挑戰和磨練,會讓每個周末更有意義喔! 【名人名言學英文】 If all the year were playing holidays, to sport would be as tedious as to work. 要是一整年都是假日,玩樂本身也會成為無聊的工作。【莎士比亞】 ?媿Brian老師也利用短暫的假期再訪韓國首爾,發現路人的肢體動作或是聲音抑揚頓挫都非常有趣!講手機會激動到差點要吐痰(spit)的喉音或是提高聲調(highten one's voice)加歪嘴。除了很表面的說:glad(快樂的), upset(失望的), furious(生氣的),confused(困惑的)我們還可以怎樣在英文句子裡表達情感呢?那就來跟我一起大聲念吧! A.raise one's eyebrows:眉毛都抬起來了,表示非常地驚訝喔! (偷偷跟同學說,我超怕有魚尾紋crow's feet: crow是烏鴉,眼尾站了隻烏鴉是不是很有畫面呢。) EX.:When Joseph told me he's going to marry me, I raised my eyebrows and dropped my jaw. (當Joseph告訴我他要娶我,我驚訝到下巴都掉下來了!=跌破眼鏡) B.shrug one's shoulders:聳聳肩,搭配雙手甩空中,表示不知道或不知該怎辦! EX.:Alice's mother angrily asked her why she spent so much money on the phone bill, and only thing she could do was shrug her shoulder. (Alice媽媽生氣地問她為什麼花一堆錢在電話費上,她只聳聳肩地裝不知道。) C.widen one's mouth:嘴巴都張開開的,表示非常興奮或害怕的樣子! EX.:I couldn't help but widen my mouth when the owl turned its head for 360 degrees. (當貓頭鷹把頭轉了360度,我不禁張大嘴都傻了。) →另外如果是指「突然被問傻了!或是前方有車子來一時無法動彈」都可以說: I am like a deer in front of the headlight.(像是在車燈前面的鹿)是不是很貼切阿! D.pout your lips 像小朋友一樣地嘟著嘴巴,是要糖吃嗎?其實就是鬧脾氣啦! EX.:Lisa pouted her lips in front of the movie theater after waiting for her boyfriend for two hours. (Lisa在電影院前面氣到嘟著嘴,因為等了男朋友兩個小時了!) 聖誕節時的經典歌曲” Santa Claus is coming to town”你一定沒忘記吧! 『Oh! You'd better watch out, you'd better not cry,(噢!注意啦!不要哭喔!) You'd better not pout, I'm telling you why,(也千萬不要嘟著小嘴巴喔!我來告訴你為什麼) Santa Claus is coming to town.(因為聖誕老公公要進城了。)』 爸媽都會唱著這首歌提醒小孩要乖乖,不然今年許的願望可就不會達成了喔! 學習英文一定要從文化裡去了解,才會更有趣更容易吸收,活在英文的世界裡更能觸類旁通! E.roll one's eyes:大家聽說spring roll春捲這個點心,但捲眼睛是什麼啊?答案就是:翻白眼 Don't do the eye-rolling!!這可是非常沒禮貌的表現,會讓人有種不被尊重的感覺!(而且翻太多次會頭暈吧?)在美國實境秀《美國名模生死鬥American Next Top Model》第四季的Tiffany被淘汰後,擺出一副”無所謂”(No Big Deal)的態度!還冷笑地跟其他女孩擁抱著說:「You are breaking my back. (你要把我擠扁了!)」這讓伸展台女王泰拉Tyra Banks非常火大,教訓了她一頓,告訴她要從教訓中學習,要自我成長而不是把這一切看成笑話,要能進入決賽該有多不容易! 【You should learn from this competition. Don't just laugh and make yourself look like a victim. We are all rooting for you. How dare you! Do you know how little the chance is to win this competition? I am so disappointed in you. You are not the victim and you should take responsibility for yourself.】 【你要從這場比賽中學習,而不是輕蔑笑過或是讓自己看起來像個落敗者。我們都非常支持妳,妳今天怎會表現地這樣無禮呢?妳知道要贏這場比賽的機率有多小嗎?我對妳非常非常失望。妳學會負責任而且不是讓自己像個輸家。】 F.stand with one's arms folded/crossed:站著時把手臂交叉放著,這是指我不太相信你喔! 在FBI讀心術中有提到:當你把手臂交叉時,就是遇到危險想保護自己的心臟(最重要的部位),或對對方產生警戒而有的表現!也有一個很雙關的表達法叫做:I don't buy it.(要是遇到銷售員這可就夠諷刺的,我不買你的產品,即是我不相信你的話!)。如果是相處一陣子的人,發現對方沒有誠信或是老是欺騙你,最後弄得撕破臉絕交,你就可以說:I am done believing you. EX.:During the United Nation Summit Conference with all heads from developed countries, the security guards on port were all alert, scanned the venue in all directions as well as stood with their arms folded. (在聯合國舉辦的已開發國首相高峰會議中,所有安全戒護人員保持警戒,眼光掃遍會場每個角落,並且謹慎地執勤。) ※本專欄陪伴各位同學已屆半年了,也累積不少讀者的問題和想法,今天就來跟大家一起分享大家常見的問題喔! ◆美國流行樂海豚音天后瑪麗亞凱莉(Mariah Carey),曾經唱過一首歌Against All Odds,這首歌名有特別的意思嗎? →odd原本有「奇數」或「氣氛很古怪」的意思。odds有機率的意思,所以Against All Odds是指成功機率很小,挽回戀人已為時已晚了!歌詞中說到: Take a good look at me now.此刻,好好的看我一眼 Cause I'll still be standing here.因為我將一直佇立在此 And you coming back to me is against all odds.要你回我身邊,雖然是完全不可能 That's the chance I've got to take.卻是我唯一的機會 另外,如果你看誰很不順眼或是很不對盤就可以說:I am at odds with sb.(我跟某人不合拍。) ◆這部在2/22已經上映電影Silver Linings Playbook派特的幸福劇本,電影片名的意思是什麼意思?跟銀線有關嗎? →其實這部片是敘述男主角(Bradley Cooper飾)如何從生命中的谷底,相信positive thinking (正面思考)力量一步一部地最終扭轉乾坤。而這部片的片名裡面的Silver Linings 其實是由美國英文母語人士常用的"Every cloud has a silver lining"這個俚語,意味都在絕望中都有可盼的希望,一定會有那天可以撥雲見日或是翻譯成天無絕人之路都可以。另外講完了銀Silver,同學知道嗎?其實中文常說的含著金湯匙出生,在英文的用法是:be born with a silver spoon而不是金湯匙gold spoon喔!另外我們常說的有些人外表看起來很穩當而且很有耐力,但是做起事情來就懶散又沒效率,這時候我們就可以感慨的說:All that glitters is not always gold.(不是每個閃閃發亮的東西都是黃金。)也就是說有些人金玉其外,敗絮其中。 『本專刊內容由王軒老師提供,並與本社編輯部共同策畫製作』
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《Teaching》From Jinsha to Jamaica
Under the shade of tree, a skinny Jamaican girl with hair braids wears a green skirt. She stood with a chalkboard in her hands and introduced herself. "Hi, my name is Tineka Dixon," she said. "I am nine years old, and I attend the Sommerset Primary School. I have two brothers and three sisters. I like to study. Bye." Those simple words began a friendship between my students at Jinsha Elementary, and students halfway around the world in a small country called Jamaica. This year, my college friend, Lindsay Papsin, is teaching in Jamaica. We thought it would be great if our students could get to know one another. The girls at Jinsha were the first to respond. Julia He, a fifth grade student at Jinsha, recorded an introduction of herself and we sent it to Jamaica. For both my students in Kinmen and Lindsay's students in Jamaica, it is the first time many have ever communicated with a peer of another nationality or race, especially on the other side of the globe. I hope that several of my students will consider study abroad opportunities for high school like Rotary International, or that they will seek out similar opportunities in college. Many of the students got involved more easily using videos because they are more hesitant about reading and writing than about speaking English. Later, students began to write letters using a very basic sentence structure. I asked students to fill in the blanks and finally to decorate the letters. In some cases though, the students wrote their own original sentences! I hope to pair students up individually this semester so that we can create lasting friendships. I will also involve a local teacher in the project so it will continue after I leave Kinmen. With persistence, Lindsay and I believe we can create lasting relationships between our students that will enhance their English language abilities and broaden their perspectives.
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《Culture》Easter Sunday
Easter is a Christian holiday that celebrates the resurrection of Jesus Christ after his death by crucifixion, being nailed to a cross, almost 2000 years ago. According to the Bible, the Christian holy book, Jesus was arrested for crimes that threatened local religious and governmental control. He was tried and killed by the Roman governor of Palestine, Pontius Pilate, on a Friday, placed inside a tomb, and the tomb was sealed with a large rock. Three days later, friends of Jesus returned to the tomb to mourn his death and found the rock moved and the body missing. It is believed by Christians that Jesus resurrected, or brought himself back to life, three days after he died. It was this amazing event and the teaching of Jesus that inspired the earliest Christians to form groups, begin teaching and spreading their beliefs. Over two thousand years, this evolved into the religion of Christianity we are familiar with today. For modern Christians, Easter is a holiday that is celebrated by worshipping at a church service or eating a meal with family and friends. Christians often wear their nicest clothing, or Sunday best, for Easter. Young girls will commonly wear white dresses and boys will wear shirts and ties to church. A common symbol of Easter is the Easter bunny, a furry rabbit that most often carries a basket full of eggs, which represents fertility and life. The symbols of a rabbit and eggs have remained from ancient pre-Christian holidays that celebrated springtime. Many children enjoy decorating hard-boiled eggs with colors and patterns. These are called Easter eggs. For the nearly 80 percent of Americans and many Western Europeans who are Christian, Christmas on December 25, which celebrates Jesus' birth, is an even more important holiday. But for Eastern Orthodox Christians who generally live in Eastern Europe, Easter is the most important holiday of the year because it symbolizes the Christian belief in the afterlife, or life in heaven after physical death on earth.
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《Culture》Celebrating Valentine's Day
Valentine's Day is celebrated every year on the 14th of February. Originally, Valentine's Day celebrated St. Valentine. Around the years 279 AD, he performed Christian marriages for Roman soldiers against the law, was put in prison, and was beheaded for his beliefs. However, since around year 1400 AD, Valentine's Day has been a holiday mostly about sharing and showing love. Today's celebrations of Valentine's Day are about romance, love, and friendship. On February 14th , it's not unusual to find couples out on dates at a variety of romantic spots. For example, taking your sweetheart out to dinner is traditional, but sometimes a homemade, man-made dinner is even more romantic. Additionally, gifts are often exchanged. Normally a greeting card is given, made by hand or bought at the store and with a message of love. Single people or people in relationships send and give each other cards. Single people sometimes send cards with "Will you be my Valentine?" written inside. Being someone's Valentine means you might go on a date, exchange a gift, or perhaps share a kiss. Many kids in school make Valentine's Day cards for each other on February 14th Cards normally are shaped like hearts or have hearts on them, and can be made out of pink and red paper. These children's cards are expressions of friendship. The simplest type of Valentine is made by folding a piece of paper in half and cutting out half of a heart shape. Then, when it is unfolded, it makes a whole heart shape. Inside the heart, people can write a message for their Valentine. Normal gifts include flowers or candy, especially roses and chocolates. Sometimes gifts can even be activities, like going to a movie or even a trip! It can be so romantic that some people choose to propose marriage on Valentine's Day! All this gift giving means that Valentine's Day is big business for restaurants, jewelry stores, candy shops, flower shops, and places that sell cards. Sometimes thinking of something to give your Valentine can be very hard. So, like many holidays, the days before February 14th can be stressful. Celebrating Valentine's Day is a great way to show someone special to you that you care, or to do something romantic with someone you love. Although often accompanied by a card, candy, or flowers, Valentine's Day's most important feature is sharing love and friendship between two people.
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《Culture》Celebrating African American History
In the United States, the month of February is Black History Month, which celebrates African American history. During Black History Month, people try to remember the countless contributions that African Americans have made. Remembrance takes place at schools, at museums, at libraries, in the media, and elsewhere. In schools, teachers may spend extra time focusing on literature written by African Americans or on historical events in which African Americans played an important role. Museums might highlight exhibits related to African American history, and libraries may feature books written by African American authors.Television channels might also play movies or documentaries about African American history. Black History Month was first recognized by the U.S. government in 1976, but the event's history is much longer. Initially, Black History Month was Black History Week. It began in 1926, when the African American, Harvard-educated historian, Carter G. Woodson, first announced the holiday. His goal was to educate the American people about the important contributions that African Americans have made throughout history. After the first celebration in February 1926, African Americans and European Americans both began to spend more time teaching and talking about African American history. The holiday was an important cultural event long before it was recognized by the government fifty years later. When the event began in the 1920s, African American history was given almost no attention in schools or by the media. Dedicating a period of time to the study of African American history was meant to fix this problem. In fact, African American history is completely inseparable from the rest of American history, not just a subject for February. If it weren't for African Americans, the United States today would be a different country. Almost every aspect of American culture has been influenced by African American culture: everything from music to food, from fashion to American English. American culture is not the only thing influenced by African Americans. African American scientists, politicians, teachers, workers, and soldiers have also had a huge impact on the economy of the United States and its place on the world stage. Because of the great importance of African American history in American history, it is unfortunate that Americans still must dedicate a month every year to the study of that history. Eventually, African American history should be studied throughout the year, without the need for a reminder.
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《Teaching》5th Graders to Come to the KETLC
When the Spring Festival holidays are completed, Kinmen students will return to the classroom and continue their education. The Kinhu English Theme Learning Center, the KETLC, at Kinhu Elementary School, will continue to allow students to have new experiences and greater opportunities to use English to their fullest. New this semester, the KETLC will welcome 5th grade classes from all over Kinmen to come and experience two full days of English speaking, listening, and reading. During the fall semester, every 6th grade class in Kinmen came for two days to the KETLC and was able to experience three of the six themed classrooms which include, the Kitchen, the Airplane, Customs & Duty Free, the Restaurant/Hotel, the Beach, and the Transportation Station. 6th graders returned to their schools with stories of the fun activities at the KETLC like surfing and tanning, or the new food they tried, like the peanut butter & jelly sandwich. Now, it is time for the 5th graders to have their turn. Laticia Lee, the director of the KETLC, said that it is important for 5th graders to come to the KETLC because the variety of classrooms will excite them and hopefully inspire a lifetime interest in English. At KETLC students apply their English in simulated real life situations with native speakers. Mrs. Lee hopes that when 5th graders come back for their 6th grade year and come to KETLC, they will realize the great improvements they have made. While the grade level of the students changes this spring, the primary goals of the KETLC remain the same. Students practice vocabulary they have already studied in schools, students learn new vocabulary and phrases for excelling in real life situations, and students can be excited and inspired to study English in the future. The KETLC teachers are actively planning new lessons for the classrooms in order to make the lessons more appropriate for the 5th grade level. For instance, 5th grade students have not yet studied much of the vocabulary used in the classrooms, vehicles like car or bus or numbers greater than fifty. Designing lesson plans for the different classrooms is proving challenging for teachers. Teachers first need to find out what the students know. Then they must overcome what students don't know, without overwhelming them with too many new vocabulary words. In order to maximize the benefit to students, it is helpful for English classes in Kinmen schools to preview the KETLC vocabulary and phrases before coming to the KETLC. The material is found on the school department's website http://esd.km.edu.tw/etrc/Index.aspx. On the website, teachers and students can download the lessons and vocabulary lists for this semester as well as other free English learning material. Teachers should encourage students to be brave when coming to the KETLC. Using English is not a one-time event, but rather a lifetime adventure.
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《Culture》My First Semester in Kaohsiung
Recently at night, I circled Kaohsiung's Cultural Center in jeans and a cotton T-shirt, enjoying the warm harbor air and wondering how Christmas arrived so soon. In Michigan, I was used to seeing signs of the holidays: knee-high mounds of snow, road salt to melt the ice, and snow on the streets. People in Kaohsiung would find these unusual. Here in southern Taiwan, my third graders trudge to English class in down parkas, clearly surprised that their foreign teacher still wears shorts. “Teacher Ryan,” one brave, pudgy little boy pokes my side, “你不會冷嗎?” I can only smile and shake my head, “No, I'm not cold.” With only early nightfall to remind me of winter, Kaohsiung's mild weather often makes me forget that my teaching is almost half over. As the calendar switches to 2013, I feel that I should think deeply about my first semester with elementary school students in this beautiful city. I don't doubt that most people, on their best days, want to leave an imprint on the world through how they treat other people. Yet measuring that impact is much more difficult, and the hardest thing of all is actually leaving an imprint. I hope that I am. One thing I've learned in my short time as an English language teacher and Chinese student is that each day gives only the smallest insight about our progress. One morning I struggle, out of nervousness, simply to greet my school principal. Then I spend the next afternoon chatting with my Taiwanese coworkers for a half hour over steamed dumplings. That night, I am tongue-tied and confused by a grocery clerk's simple question at the store. I frequently see my students do the same thing. One morning, Zach tells me “he is great” when I ask him, and the next morning he uncertainly repeats the question back to me:“How are you?” One afternoon, little Tina greets me enthusiastically in the hall: “Hi, Teacher Jenny!”(my co-teacher’s name). Later after school, a hushed conversation with little Penny (with a few whispered words of Mandarin), allows us to share how much we both like Kaohsiung's art museum and Disneyland. Most of my students are not the same kids I met in September. Alma no longer looks (or rather runs) away when she sees me. Instead, she scampers up to me with her short little legs and jabbers a sentence or two of English we've just learned, before returning to Chinese. Mario no longer flashes a stubborn, uncomfortable smile to decline practicing sentences in class, at least not as often as he used to. And then there's Jimmy. Quiet for a third grader, his English is average. When he notices me looking at him in class, he smiles back hesitantly, as though afraid of getting in trouble. Last week, I hurried past his classroom on my way to another lesson, stopping only to wave quickly through the window. He waved back. Then I heard, “I love you.” in English. The bell rang then, but I stopped. I hadn't taught him that. I glanced at the window, but he was gone. Did I hear wrong? Suddenly a small blur in a blue uniform collided with me, and I felt short arms wrap around my middle. A second later he disappeared. Maybe I shouldn't need these quiet moments of affirmation. Until hearing the words, I didn't realize how much I needed them. These words warm my heart on nightly walks through Kaohsiung's snowless December streets. Between steps, I shake my head and smile to myself: “No, I'm not cold. And that's okay.”
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《Culture》The Most Famous Groundhog of All
By legend, on February 2nd in the United States a groundhog, an animal who is cousin to both the beaver and the squirrel, decides whether there will be six more weeks of winter or an early spring. Groundhog Day in parts of America is a small, nonreligious holiday brought over by European immigrants in the 18th century. The holiday combines several pagan festivals where animals were celebrated as indicators of the next season. Today, the biggest Groundhog Day's celebration occurs in central Pennsylvania in a small coal mining town called, Punxsutawney. On February 2nd, just as the sun rises, Punxsutawney Phil, America's most famous groundhog, awakes from his hibernation and bravely steps out of his hole. According to traditional folklore, if it is a cloudy day and Phil cannot see his shadow it means that it will be an early spring. However, if it is sunny when Phil steps out and he sees his shadow, there will be six more weeks of winter. If Phil does or does not see his shadow it doesn't matter on one level. The town always celebrates. Starting before sunrise, Punxsutawney residents and Groundhog Day enthusiasts from around the United States listen to music, eat good food, and wait for Phil to come out of his hole. Due to the popularity of the holiday, and because groundhogs are found across North America (as far Northwest as Alaska, and as Southeast as Georgia), many towns and cities now have their own groundhogs to determine when spring will arrive. None, however, are as famous as Punxsutawney Phil.
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《Culture》The Super Bowl
Although baseball is recognized as America's pastime (國粹), football (橄欖球) is America's most popular sport. American football originated more than 150 years ago and it is now played at the professional, college, and high school levels. There are 32 professional teams in the National Football League (NFL) and every team plays 16 games during the season. These football games are typically played on Sunday afternoons starting in September and ending in February. After the top 12 teams compete in the playoffs (季後賽) during January, the final two teams go head-to-head in the final championship game (冠軍賽), the Super Bowl (超級盃). More Americans watch the Super Bowl than any other TV show in the United States, and it is the second most popular television broadcast in the world. Typically, over 100 million people watch the Super Bowl! Because so many people watch the Super Bowl, companies pay large amounts of money to buy advertisements (廣告) during the game. Many companies will pay three to four million U.S. dollars for a 30 second commercial. Not only is the price of the commercials during the Super Bowl higher, but also the content (內容)of the commercials is different. Companies invest a lot of time and money producing their commercials because millions of people see them. Many companies bring in celebrities, such as David Beckham and Elton John, to be spokesmen for their products. Companies often make the commercials humorous (幽默的) or use sex appeal (性感) to draw the attention of the viewer. The commercials are so entertaining, in fact, that many people watch the Super Bowl simply to view the commercials. The day after the Super Bowl, people frequently talk about their favorite commercials, rather than the actual football game. The Super Bowl also features live entertainment during the halftime show. The halftime performance is always a “must-see” event. In a matter of minutes, the football field is transformed into a stage for world-renowned singers. The Rolling Stones, Paul McCartney, Madonna, and U2 have all performed at halftime. Whether people watch the Super Bowl for the athletic competition, the commercials, or just the halftime show, it will continue to attract millions of viewers for years to come.