輕鬆學英語
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《Culture》Memorial Day
The month of May has numerous important holidays, such as Mother's Day, National Teachers Day, and Cinco de Mayo. One holiday in particular, Memorial Day, is of great importance to Americans. Always the last Monday in May, Memorial Day is a holiday during which Americans remember the hundreds of thousands of brave men and women who died fighting for their country. The most deadly American war was the Civil War from 1861 to 1865, in which roughly 700,000 Americans perished. Americans perform a variety of activities on Memorial Day. If families or individuals have personally known someone killed in battle, often they will visit the grave of their loved one. For instance, many visit the famous Arlington National Cemetery near Washington, D.C where nearly a half of a million fallen soldiers are buried. Individuals typically leave flowers on the grave and bring other items, such as family photos, that have significance to the deceased individual. Memorial Day, in this sense, is somewhat similar to the Taiwanese holiday of Tomb-Sweeping Day (清明節) in that friends and family members visit gravesites and pay their respects. While Memorial Day provides an opportunity for individuals to honor the fallen members of America's armed forces, it also is a time to celebrate the beginning of summer. Due to the more comfortable weather, many individuals spend more time outdoors. The most popular outdoor event is a barbecue. Barbecues are held in public spaces, such as a park, as well as in more private venues, including homes or apartments. Typically, however, the house or apartment will have either a backyard or a rooftop so that all individuals are able to cherish the warmer weather outside. Memorial Day is, therefore, not only a day of remembrance, but also an opportunity to interact with family members and friends in the great outdoors.
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《Culture》Arbor Day
On April 26th, Americans celebrate the national holiday of Arbor Day. Arbor Day is held on the last Friday of April and celebrates the importance of trees. Traditionally, Americans plant trees during this holiday. Some people like to plant trees in their backyard, cities plant trees in local parks, and even schools plant trees in their schoolyards. One of my fondest memories as a child was celebrating Arbor Day with my elementary school classmates and teachers. That day, we got out our shovels and we planted several trees in our schoolyard. Over the years, I observed how the trees matured and grew taller, like me. As a native of downtown Chicago, I did not often get to go to the woods and enter into nature. Events held to celebrate the environment like Arbor Day formed my appreciation of trees and my passion for the environment. In a materialistic world, it is easy to forget the value of trees and nature. Scientifically, trees are important because they absorb carbon dioxide and produce oxygen. The absorption of carbon dioxide is crucial in improving the environment and slowing global warming. As humans burn more fossil fuels, such as oil and coal, more carbon dioxide is released into the environment and the planet warms up. Trees help counteract this global trend by taking carbon dioxide out of the environment. Trees not only absorb moisture during the rainy seasons but their root structure also helps keep soil in a fixed location. For that reason, trees are very good at preventing landslides and erosion-something that is particularly important in Taiwan. Although Kinmen is fortunate to have a variety of trees and wildlife, I urge you to plant a tree on Arbor Day. While you may think planting just one tree is insignificant, consider the effect of many people each planting a tree. On the first Arbor Day ever, for instance, approximately one million trees were planted! Therefore, we should all plant trees in an effort to beautify our surroundings and create a safer, greener environment.
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《Culture》Earth Day
Celebrate Earth day this year on April 22nd! Earth Day is a day when individuals reevaluate their consumption of the earth's natural resources, and decide to make small, daily changes that will help protect the planet. A few terms or mottos that you could hear and see on this day might be, fossil fuel, Reduce Reuse and Recycle, and compost. Fossil fuels are Earth's natural energy supply, including coal, gas, and oil. Reduce Reuse and Recycle encourages people to conserve energy, water, and fossil fuels, and to reuse manmade materials to cut down on pollution. Composting means taking the contents of your dinner's leftovers and using them to fertilize soil. Even using coffee grounds and banana peels can help your plants grow big and strong. Earth day is important, because it promotes the protection of the Earth's precious resources. How can individuals, companies, and countries help protect the Earth and its resources so that future generations can enjoy its beauty? The process starts with individuals like you. For instance, you could make good, clean choices regarding natural gas, energy, and water consumption. You are not powerless. Every change a person makes helps their home and community. A short list could include, fixing all the leaking faucets (sinks, showers) in your house. You could limit your consumption of red meat (cows are the biggest producers of green houses gases). You could also buy your groceries locally because the less time you spend in your car or on your scooter the less air pollution your vehicle produces. Another easy option is to turn off lights you are not using when you leave a room. You could take more public transportation as opposed to driving your car or scooter. Or, you could ride your bike or walk to your desired location. Taiwan already has a fantastic recycling and trash system. Taiwan's trash collection and recycling system needs to be duplicated and used by countries worldwide. So go out there, make a difference in your communities and environment!
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《Culture》Tornadoes
I grew up amongst the rolling hills of western Kentucky; the region is commonly known as Tornado Alley. A tornado is a violent rotating, closed column of low-pressure air which often accompanies stormy weather. A tornado stretches from the ground to the clouds above and can travel at 483 km/h leaving a path of destruction behind it. Tornado Alley is a region located in the United States between the Rocky Mountains of the West, and the Appalachia Mountains of the East. Warm air comes from the Gulf of Mexico and clashes with cooler dry air that creeps down from the Northern polar region. The cool dry air and the warm moist air meet and clash directly in the central United States causing a season of beautiful but destructive weather. Many times during my childhood, tornados threatened my community. Many houses through the Midwest come equipped with storm cellars. Storm cellars are like basements except they are for storage and protection. My house did not have a cellar, so my family would pack a flashlight and radio and go to our neighbor's cellar. We always brought flashlights so if we lost electricity we could still see. We brought a radio so we could listen to the news to hear exactly where the tornado was traveling. Before coming to Kinmen, I was a teacher in rural, Western Alabama. This particular area of Alabama is historically poor, so the houses are manufactured cheaply, and overall less safe. My house in Alabama, for example, was new but was constructed completely from recycled materials. On two occasions a tornado came so close to my house that it shook so violently that I crawled into the bathtub for safety. In late April 2011, 358 tornadoes touched down in Alabama and the southern United States - the largest concentration of tornadoes in the country's history. During my two years of service, many of my students lost their homes and family members to destructive tornadoes. Tornados are a disastrous and extreme form of weather. Where I'm from in the Tornado Alley, they come about in the springtime, which is the most beautiful time of year. It is amazing that in such a wonderful and pleasant time of the year, there can
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英文原來這樣說
挖!回顧上個月在WBC(World Baseball Classic)國際棒球經典賽後和核能廠(nuclear power plant)風波後,也有許多駭人聽聞的社會事件,真是令人不寒而慄(creep sb out)還起了一身雞皮疙瘩(goose bumps)呢!那就認真地閱讀老師的專欄,又可以充實內涵,希望大家都平安(safe and sound)。Brian老師也收到好多紅色炸彈(wedding invitations),真是有點分身乏術,但的確很想去見證許多好友的幸福。四月會讓你想到哪些話題呢?今日專欄都要帶你一起看透透囉! (A)April Fool’s Day:四月一號 愚人節(也稱萬愚節) 沒錯!!這可是國外整人整到翻得好日子。其實這是起源於羅馬國家的習俗,歐洲(如法國、比利時、義大利等)的人們在這天會把紙作的魚貼在別人的背後(tack the paper fish on each other's back),會寫上一些很糗的字眼,讓被整的人都超尷尬的(embarrassed)! 有沒有人藉故今天跟你告白(confess to you)?還是故意裝神弄鬼把家裡弄得很像《鬼影實錄》場景呢?高中時,我們為了整英文老師,就跟隔壁班一起互換教室上課,上課的老師非常傻眼,還扶了眼鏡衝出去看班級教室號碼,弄得哄堂大笑(the laughter spreaded the crowd)。想想真是很調皮耶(naughty)。突然也讓我想到泰國的祈福潑水節,突然被澆到也會嚇到吧!一起來學習相關表達吧! ◆play a practical joke on 對……惡作劇 ◆hoax(n.)騙局(v.)欺騙=deceive ◆celebration(n.)慶祝(非正式節日或個人的) v.s. festival節慶慶典 ◆make fun of others嘲笑(負面)=tease (teaser指的是節目預告片) (B)Tomb Sweeping Day清明節(也稱民族掃墓節): Tomb墓碑(b不發音),Sweep掃地。The typhoon has swept over the eastern Taiwan and carried substantial rain.(颱風掃過東台灣並帶來豪雨。)或許觀察力超強的你發現到:為什麼不是Tomb Sweeping “Festival” ?說完這句話大概你沒把上面的定義看清楚喔!你應該不會希望我們的祖先(ancestor)都突然跳起來一起跟你哈林搖(Harlem Shake)吧!台灣過的各項節慶你也會用英文說嗎? ◆Dragon Boat Festival龍舟節(glutinous rice dumpling 肉粽/scented bag香包) ◆Mid-Autumn Festival 中秋節=Moon Festival (moon cake月餅/pomelon柚子) ◆Double Tenth's Day雙十節 ◆Lunar Chinese New Year農曆年中國新年 ◆The Ghost Month中元節(專欄介紹過) ◆Year-End Dinner尾牙 ◆Lantern Festival元宵節 ◆Veteran's Day軍人節(榮民節) ◆Teacher's Day教師節/ Mother's Day母親節/Valentine's Day情人節 ◆Christmas聖誕節/Easter復活節/Thanksgiving Day感恩節 (C)Spring Break:春假 快樂的連假想必也是許多同學很嚮往的,不過對一般的上班族可沒這種特權(privilege)了。 一般在英文課堂我們都會學到summer vacation,但事實上英語國家都是用summer/winter break(暑/寒假),學期semester在生活裡提到機會少之又少,term才是道地的英文!有幾種請假請大家一定要分清楚: 1.vacation(n.)長假,通常是學期制中休息的期間,在歐美國家非常流行高中到大學,給自己去世界各地背包探索自己的興趣的Gap Year(探索年),gap可以當溝渠,應用的層面也是非常廣的。 ★generation gap代溝(不同世代有的意見分歧) ★I like the gap between your teeth.我喜歡你牙間的縫: 是歌手泰勒斯的歌曲《Ours》,強調要欣賞自己的獨特和愛自己,老師本身很喜歡他勵志又正向的態度。與Lady Gaga卡卡女神唱的:You are on the right track, babe. I was born this way.(你現在活出的樣子就是最棒的!我們天生完美。) ★Mind the gap between the plateform and the train.請小心火車和月台的空隙 2.break(n.)可以指課堂間的休息時間也可以指短暫的假期 EX.: Hurray! It's finally time for lunch break.太棒了!中午用餐休息時間了! EX.: I need to take a long break after finishing the project.這個企劃案弄完後我肯定要休個長假。 3.holiday(n.)通常指國定假日居多 4.leave(n.)請假也分很多種 & personal / official / maternity/ paternity/ sick/ bereavement leave(事/公/產/陪產/病/喪假) & skip class/ work/ meal (曠課/翹班/跳過正餐) 混淆字大觀園:「參與」篇(大學申請英文面試急救站) 英文中有非常多的情況都需要用到「參與」、「加入」、「投入」、「出席」等等用字。但你真的能分的清楚嗎?這個用字可以決定你是否可以申請到一所好大學和好公司喔!如此撲朔迷離的案件,讓我們看下去………… (A)involve (v.)涉入+(in)( 使用起來50%帶有負面) <例>Don't get me involved in this embezzlement! I have nothing to do with that. (別把我拖進這個盜竊公款案!我可一點關係都沒有。) <例>The artist's involvement in drug trafficking destroyed his own career. (這藝人販毒毀了他自身事業。) (B)attend(v.)出席(正式會議/典禮/場合) or上學/教堂(80%正式用法) <例>The famous writer was invited to attend the opening of the new bookstore and gave a short speech there. (這位知名作家受邀參加該新書店的開幕典禮並簡短致詞。) <例>Every child has to attend school for at least twelve years in Taiwan. (在台灣的小孩至少必須受十二年國教。) (C)join(v.)=take part in=partake in = participate in=be engaged into參與活動 <例>Bill decided to take part in the speech contest and wanted to win first prize at all costs. (Bill決定要參加演講比賽並且不計代價想得到第一名。) <例>Most of my classmates joined in the summer camp and made friends from different cities. (班上大多數同學都去參加夏令營,也在那邊交到很多不同城市的朋友。) (D)sign up for報名參加 (非常道地用語) v.s. register for 註冊入學 <例>Please sign up for our "30 -Hour Famine" held by World Vision and experience the life without food supply. Donations for people in urgent need of help. (請報名參加由世界展望會舉辦的飢餓三十活動,體驗生活沒有食物供給的感覺。捐款給急需救助的人吧!) <例> Anyone who sign up for today's special fitness program will be reward with ten-month membership free of charge and be entitled to use all equipment in the gym. (任何人今天報名參加今天的瘦身特訓活動,就能夠得到十個月免費使用體育館裡的健身器材。) @@!請注意:sign out/sign in 是指借書/還書喔! ■學英文的方式不外乎就是要多元而且要實境化,去感受在特定的情景說出相關的表達和需求! 非常推薦你從電影開始下手!習慣把中文字幕先打開看一次後,了解劇情大意,換英文字幕來觀看,遇到不太清楚的部分要重複播放,但還是要以【聽】和【看】電影為主!我都會習慣把一些經典台詞抄寫下來朗讀和運用在文章上呢! (A)Devil Wears Prada(穿著Prada的惡魔): 這是老師看了又看的好片子,把本來對時尚雜誌Runway一無所知且單純想為社會勞工階層發聲的Andrea(安卓亞),瞬間變成了時尚又迷人的模特兒,但她能夠擺脫這些紙醉金迷和炫爛奢華的生活嗎?那就要你自己去發現囉!當一群好友聚會發現Andrea戴著大包小包的精品,讓全場都是驚呼不已,其中一位作股票的朋友說了自己對【流行時尚】的看法,讓不能理解女生為何需要一堆包包的男生都佩服不已! Fahsion is nothing about utility, but an iconography of individuality. (時尚並不是強調實用性,而是彰顯個人特色的一種象徵性。) →所以多又何妨呢?只要自己很清楚這個東西的價值和內涵,努力爭取自己想要的東西,也無可厚非!這句話念起來很像在繞口令,但其實是很有內涵的唷! (B)Life of Pi (少年Pi的奇幻旅程) 李安繼斷背山(Brokenback Mountain)後又拿下奧斯卡的最佳導演獎,讓我看直播的時候真的熱淚盈眶。不僅僅是他對電影的專業表現和熱情堅持,最重要的是他的謙遜(humility)和感恩的態度讓許多台灣人在那一刻動容。這部片也道出了生命的課題:怎樣與親人道別和過去的青春歲月逝去的遺憾。環境的劇變可以讓人生失去很多 "I want to thank you for… I really want to thank you for believing in this story and share this incredible journey with me." 「謝謝你們相信這個故事,與我分享這個不可思議的旅程……」這是李安在奧斯卡頒獎中的致詞。今天和各位讀者一起讀<少年Pi的奇幻漂流>的經典台詞,那奇幻又真實的旅程,真的教人盪氣迴腸。 1. All of life is an act of letting go, but what hurts the most is not taking a moment to say goodbye. 人生就是不斷地放下,然而最讓人痛心的是,沒來得及說再見。 2. Then Richard Parker, companion of my torment, awful, fierce thing that kept me alive, moved forward and disappeared forever from my life. 然後,那個讓我生存下來的理查派克,那個讓我痛苦、害怕的兇狠的夥伴,就這麼向前走沒有回頭,永遠消失在我的生命裡。 3. If every unfolding we experience takes us further along in life, then, we are truly experiencing what life is offering. 如果我們在生命中的每一次轉變都讓我們走得更遠,那麼,我們就真正的體驗到了生命的奉獻。 『本專刊內容由王軒老師提供,並與本社編輯部共同策畫製作』
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《Behind the News》Pope Francis
On March 13, Jorge Mario Bergoglio of Argentina was elected pope of the Roman Catholic Church. Bergoglio's election came after the resignation of the previous pope, Benedict XVI earlier in February. The pope is the Bishop of Rome and is the leader of the world's 1.2 billion Catholics. After he was elected, Bergolio chose to be called by the name Francis in honor of St. Francis of Assisi and St. Francis Xavier. Francis of Assisi was an Italian saint who worked with the poor. Xavier was an original member of the Jesuits, the religious order to which Pope Francis belongs. Pope Francis' election is significant because he is the first non-European pope in nearly 1,300 years. He is also the first pope from the Americas and the first Jesuit pope. Pope Francis was born in Argentina in 1936 to parents who came from Northern Italy. In his youth, he suffered from a serious episode of pneumonia, a lung condition that makes it difficult to breath. Later, he studied chemistry intensely for four years at the University of Buenos Aires. When he was 32, Pope Francis was ordained a priest. As the bishop of Buenos Aires, Pope Francis was known as an advocate for social justice and human rights. He actively spoke about the large gaps between rich and poor in Argentinean society. Pope Francis was also known for upholding the Church's position on controversial issues including, homosexuality, contraception, abortion, and female ordination. Pope Francis has a strong relationship with other faith communities. In a recent press conference, he offered a blessing to all members of the press that were present regardless of their religious beliefs. The new pope's inauguration is significant for Taiwan because President Ma was invited to attend the services in Rome. It is the first time in history that an ROC Head of State met with the pope. As Msgr. Paul Russell, the Papal Representative to Taiwan, said, “This event is full of significance and is a concrete sign of our official friendship.” Russell continued by saying that this trip is a personal journey for President Ma as well, “It is something that has been in his heart for a long time. I am sure that this trip will bring divine blessings to President Ma and his wife, and also to all the people of Taiwan.”
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《Culture》April Fools' Day
Every year on April 1, April Fools' Day, many people in the United States, Canada, Australia, and Europe celebrate. April Fools' Day is not an official holiday in any country, but it is a day when many people play tricks or pranks on each other. The origins of April Fools' Day are unclear, but an earlier version of the holiday likely started during the Roman Empire. There was also a similar holiday celebrated in Medieval Europe, and April Fools' Day probably has multiple origins. Many cultures in the West have had holidays that involve playing tricks on people. Some April Fools' Day tricks are very elaborate, but most are quite simple. One popular trick is gluing a coin to the floor of a public place. When people walk past the coin, they try to pick it up, but it is stuck to the ground. On April Fools' Day, some newspapers, magazines, and blogs print fake articles. The next day they reveal that the article was actually fake. Food-related tricks are very common on April Fools' Day. One trick is to fill a sugar bowl with salt. When a person tries to put sugar in their coffee or tea, they put in salt. Another popular trick is to hard boil all the eggs, and then put them back in the refrigerator. Once, a friend of mine offered me an Oreo cookie on April Fools' Day. I was surprised and disappointed when I tasted toothpaste instead of white cream filling. More elaborate April Fools' Day pranks include filling a person's room or office with balloons, or wrapping a person's car in plastic wrap. One will have to pop all the balloons before entering the room, or unwrap the car before opening it. On April Fools’ Day, friends and family, and occasionally co-workers, play fun, good-natured practical jokes on each other. As long as the pranks aren't mean or dangerous, nobody minds too much.
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《Culture》So Many Shoes
I never thought I would be so worried about shoes. I stayed at my host father's parents' home in Miaoli (苗栗) for four days to celebrate Chinese New Year. Although I learned a lot about New Year traditions, the most surprising experience I had was trying to figure out what to wear on my feet each day. The home where I stayed has four floors. On the ground floor, you wear sandals. On the upper floors, you wear blue slippers. In the bathroom, you wear red slippers. This is not unusual in Taiwan, but, for an American, all those shoes can cause confusion. You see, at home, we don't even wear shoes in the house. When you enter my home, you take off your shoes and wear your socks or—in the summertime—your bare feet. Once, while visiting Miaoli, I forgot to put on my sandals when I went downstairs to the kitchen. “Where are your shoes?” my host mom asked. “This floor is so dirty.” This was the third time I had worn the wrong thing on my feet, so I finally explained to her that this custom of changing shoes was hard for me to get used to, since we wear socks inside. “But don't you have to clean the floors a lot in America?” she asked. “Not more than usual,” I replied. Our socks aren't dirty because we wear shoes outside, and many people have carpet in their homes, so the dirt doesn't stick to your feet. “Don’t your feet get cold?” she asked. “Where I live, it's so cold that our homes are heated,” I said. Sometimes I wear slippers if my feet get cold, but wearing slippers is not a rule like it is here. At first, I had a hard time understanding why it mattered so much if I was wearing my upstairs shoes downstairs or my socks in the kitchen. But I realized that it wasn’t the shoes that the family really cared about. It was my comfort as a guest. More than anything in Taiwan, I have noticed how well Taiwanese people treat their guests. It makes me feel right at home, and I guess I will wear whatever shoes I need to wear to show my appreciation.
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《Culture》March Madness
March Madness is here! This March, college basketball fans around the world will tune in to watch the NCAA Men's Basketball Tournament. The tournament consists of the top 68 college basketball teams in the United States. The teams are grouped into one of four regions of the U.S. and are ranked from 1st to 16th. The best team plays the 16th ranked team, the 2nd best team plays the 15th best team, and so on. If a team wins, they advance to the next round of competition. If a team loses, however, they are eliminated from the tournament and no longer have an opportunity to win the national championship. The tournament is referred to as March Madness because of this single-elimination rule. If a team wants to continue playing in the tournament, they must win each game. There are no second chances in March Madness. After a team wins two games in a row, they are in what is called the“Sweet Sixteen,”which is the final sixteen teams remaining in the tournament. If they win again, they advanced to the “Elite Eight”and subsequently to the“Final Four.” Oftentimes, an underrated team defeats a higher-ranked team. The lower-ranked team advances in the tournament, and the higher ranked team is sent home. This is called an“upset.”The NCAA tournament is famous for numerous upsets every year. For instance, despite being ranked only 11th in 2011, Virginia Commonwealth University advanced all the way to the Final Four, defeating famous teams such as Kansas and Georgetown University. In addition to watching the games on the television, most Americans fill out a tournament bracket. While completing a bracket, individuals must predict the winners of all 63 games in the tournament. Many sports websites allow you to fill out a bracket and enter a contest to win cash prizes. If you are interested in learning more about March Madness and perhaps even winning some money, I encourage you to search March Madness online and fill out a bracket. The tournament begins on March 19th. Get ready!
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《Culture》Happy Saint Patrick's Day
March 17 is Saint Patrick's Day, and on that day, many people around the world will be celebrating Irish culture and the life of Saint Patrick. Saint Patrick's Day is an official holiday in Ireland, Northern Ireland, and the Canadian province of Newfoundland. Many people in the United States, Australia, New Zealand, and other countries also celebrate Saint Patrick's Day. The Catholic Church particularly honors Saint Patrick for bringing Christianity to Ireland. Saint Patrick was born in the year 385 and died in 461. Saint Patrick's Day takes place on the anniversary of his death, and the holiday has been celebrated for over 1,000 years. Saint Patrick's Day is also a holiday in several other Christian churches. Saint Patrick's Day was first celebrated in Ireland, but today it is celebrated all over the world, wherever Irish people live. Today, it is not only a Catholic holiday, but also a day to celebrate Irish culture. In the United States, Saint Patrick's Day is celebrated much more generally by many people. Not only do Catholics and Irish people celebrate this holiday, but non-Catholics and other Americans also join in the fun, too. On Saint Patrick's Day, people traditionally wear green, which represents Ireland and Irish culture. Many people also celebrate by going to Saint Patrick's Day parties. Some Catholic families attend church. In my family, we celebrate Saint Patrick's Day by eating a traditional Irish-American meal of corned beef, potatoes, and cabbage. Saint Patrick's Day is particularly important in my family, not only because we are Irish, but also because my parents first met on Saint Patrick's Day. Many cities hold Saint Patrick's Day parades and Irish-themed festivals. The largest celebration in the United States is in Boston, which has a large Irish-American population. The city of Chicago is famous for dyeing the Chicago River bright green on Saint Patrick's Day. Though Saint Patrick's Day was originally a holiday celebrated only by Irish people and Catholics, the holiday has become very popular around the world. And as the saying goes, “Everyone is Irish on Saint Patrick's Day.”
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《Teaching》CreatingaLessonPlan
The Kinmen ETAs (English Teaching Assistants) are back and ready to teach a second semester at the Kinhu English Theme Learning Center, the KETLC. The stations or simulated classrooms are the Beach, the Hotel, the Kitchen, the Airplane, Customs and Duty Free, and the Transportation Station. This semester the teachers have changed the lesson plans to accommodate fifth grade levels of English. What are some of the differences that schools will see this semester? All of the new lessons have been adjusted to meet the needs of Kinmen's fifth graders. This means there are fewer vocabulary words and sentence patterns. Creating a lesson plan is a lengthy process. Successful lessons require three parts: goals and objectives, varied activities, and a time limit for each of the station's activities. All of the stations in EV have been successful because the teachers have decided what their station's specific goals and objectives were. Goals and objectives guide a lesson. An example of a lesson goal would be for students to learn how to order a meal in English. Once a lesson's goals and objectives are determined it is easier for teachers to create accessible and focused activities. Balancing activities is crucial in keeping students engaged, and keeps management problems to a minimum. A balanced lesson includes activities that allow students to practice their conversation, writing, and listening skills. Activities make lessons fun for students. If a station consists of only one type of activity, students have difficulty focusing because they are bored. Activities that allowed students to move around the classroom while using the station's vocabulary and sentences were very successful last semester. Creating accurate time limits is the most difficult part when designing lesson plans. Within a lesson plan teachers must estimate how long an activity will take, but it is hard to determine the perfect amount of time until they practice with actual students. All the teachers at the KETLC have learned this point well and we are excited to welcome Kinmen's fifth graders this semester to the KETLC to experience our brand new lessons.
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英文原來這樣說(English is a piece of cake)
◆Welcome back! 不知道大家有沒有好好把Brian老師的專欄仔細讀完後好好背誦(memorize)練習呢?希望大家可不要太過慵懶,到時候因為英文表達太差勁(too lame)被老闆或大考打入冷宮(in the doghouse)就糟了!說到這裡就來比較幾個常用易混淆表達語喔: (A)laid-back (a.):lie躺下的過去分詞,整個人躺在海灘椅上享受日光沐浴的樣子,一整個就是無憂無慮,所以也可以說成care-free.(-free代表沒有)。生活上還是得積極點,可別讓別人老是收拾你的爛攤子(pick up the slack)。 (B)laid-off (a.):off有關閉和遠離的解釋,老闆讓你滾去喝西北風,那可就慘了!所以laid-off就是被解雇的意思喔!同義的表達還有: 1.get fired (如果說fire away就是叫對方有事快說,不要拐彎抹角beat around the bush) 2.get axed (axe斧頭) 3.get sacked(英式用語,英檢聽力常考句) 4.be given a boot(叫你穿好鞋離開) 5.be given a pink slip(在國外的解聘通知信都是粉紅色的!) ◆過年後通常都會波離職潮,如果是自己主動離職想換個新環境可以說: 1.我想離職了! I want to quit. (quitter就是半途而廢的人。) 2.該是離職的時候。 It's time to resign.(re-:再一次, sign簽名,同學可以想像你進公司簽合約離開簽退的情景。) 3.我希望可以找到更有挑戰的職位。 I am looking for a position with greater challenges. 寒假放完一陣子,肯定會很期待下一次旅行的日期吧!今年的假期連假真是不少,讓許多悶在辦公室隔間(office cubicle)或教室裏的同學很想出去透透氣吧!其實要是天天放假,生活可就少了努力的動力,有工作的挑戰和磨練,會讓每個周末更有意義喔! 【名人名言學英文】 If all the year were playing holidays, to sport would be as tedious as to work. 要是一整年都是假日,玩樂本身也會成為無聊的工作。【莎士比亞】 ?媿Brian老師也利用短暫的假期再訪韓國首爾,發現路人的肢體動作或是聲音抑揚頓挫都非常有趣!講手機會激動到差點要吐痰(spit)的喉音或是提高聲調(highten one's voice)加歪嘴。除了很表面的說:glad(快樂的), upset(失望的), furious(生氣的),confused(困惑的)我們還可以怎樣在英文句子裡表達情感呢?那就來跟我一起大聲念吧! A.raise one's eyebrows:眉毛都抬起來了,表示非常地驚訝喔! (偷偷跟同學說,我超怕有魚尾紋crow's feet: crow是烏鴉,眼尾站了隻烏鴉是不是很有畫面呢。) EX.:When Joseph told me he's going to marry me, I raised my eyebrows and dropped my jaw. (當Joseph告訴我他要娶我,我驚訝到下巴都掉下來了!=跌破眼鏡) B.shrug one's shoulders:聳聳肩,搭配雙手甩空中,表示不知道或不知該怎辦! EX.:Alice's mother angrily asked her why she spent so much money on the phone bill, and only thing she could do was shrug her shoulder. (Alice媽媽生氣地問她為什麼花一堆錢在電話費上,她只聳聳肩地裝不知道。) C.widen one's mouth:嘴巴都張開開的,表示非常興奮或害怕的樣子! EX.:I couldn't help but widen my mouth when the owl turned its head for 360 degrees. (當貓頭鷹把頭轉了360度,我不禁張大嘴都傻了。) →另外如果是指「突然被問傻了!或是前方有車子來一時無法動彈」都可以說: I am like a deer in front of the headlight.(像是在車燈前面的鹿)是不是很貼切阿! D.pout your lips 像小朋友一樣地嘟著嘴巴,是要糖吃嗎?其實就是鬧脾氣啦! EX.:Lisa pouted her lips in front of the movie theater after waiting for her boyfriend for two hours. (Lisa在電影院前面氣到嘟著嘴,因為等了男朋友兩個小時了!) 聖誕節時的經典歌曲” Santa Claus is coming to town”你一定沒忘記吧! 『Oh! You'd better watch out, you'd better not cry,(噢!注意啦!不要哭喔!) You'd better not pout, I'm telling you why,(也千萬不要嘟著小嘴巴喔!我來告訴你為什麼) Santa Claus is coming to town.(因為聖誕老公公要進城了。)』 爸媽都會唱著這首歌提醒小孩要乖乖,不然今年許的願望可就不會達成了喔! 學習英文一定要從文化裡去了解,才會更有趣更容易吸收,活在英文的世界裡更能觸類旁通! E.roll one's eyes:大家聽說spring roll春捲這個點心,但捲眼睛是什麼啊?答案就是:翻白眼 Don't do the eye-rolling!!這可是非常沒禮貌的表現,會讓人有種不被尊重的感覺!(而且翻太多次會頭暈吧?)在美國實境秀《美國名模生死鬥American Next Top Model》第四季的Tiffany被淘汰後,擺出一副”無所謂”(No Big Deal)的態度!還冷笑地跟其他女孩擁抱著說:「You are breaking my back. (你要把我擠扁了!)」這讓伸展台女王泰拉Tyra Banks非常火大,教訓了她一頓,告訴她要從教訓中學習,要自我成長而不是把這一切看成笑話,要能進入決賽該有多不容易! 【You should learn from this competition. Don't just laugh and make yourself look like a victim. We are all rooting for you. How dare you! Do you know how little the chance is to win this competition? I am so disappointed in you. You are not the victim and you should take responsibility for yourself.】 【你要從這場比賽中學習,而不是輕蔑笑過或是讓自己看起來像個落敗者。我們都非常支持妳,妳今天怎會表現地這樣無禮呢?妳知道要贏這場比賽的機率有多小嗎?我對妳非常非常失望。妳學會負責任而且不是讓自己像個輸家。】 F.stand with one's arms folded/crossed:站著時把手臂交叉放著,這是指我不太相信你喔! 在FBI讀心術中有提到:當你把手臂交叉時,就是遇到危險想保護自己的心臟(最重要的部位),或對對方產生警戒而有的表現!也有一個很雙關的表達法叫做:I don't buy it.(要是遇到銷售員這可就夠諷刺的,我不買你的產品,即是我不相信你的話!)。如果是相處一陣子的人,發現對方沒有誠信或是老是欺騙你,最後弄得撕破臉絕交,你就可以說:I am done believing you. EX.:During the United Nation Summit Conference with all heads from developed countries, the security guards on port were all alert, scanned the venue in all directions as well as stood with their arms folded. (在聯合國舉辦的已開發國首相高峰會議中,所有安全戒護人員保持警戒,眼光掃遍會場每個角落,並且謹慎地執勤。) ※本專欄陪伴各位同學已屆半年了,也累積不少讀者的問題和想法,今天就來跟大家一起分享大家常見的問題喔! ◆美國流行樂海豚音天后瑪麗亞凱莉(Mariah Carey),曾經唱過一首歌Against All Odds,這首歌名有特別的意思嗎? →odd原本有「奇數」或「氣氛很古怪」的意思。odds有機率的意思,所以Against All Odds是指成功機率很小,挽回戀人已為時已晚了!歌詞中說到: Take a good look at me now.此刻,好好的看我一眼 Cause I'll still be standing here.因為我將一直佇立在此 And you coming back to me is against all odds.要你回我身邊,雖然是完全不可能 That's the chance I've got to take.卻是我唯一的機會 另外,如果你看誰很不順眼或是很不對盤就可以說:I am at odds with sb.(我跟某人不合拍。) ◆這部在2/22已經上映電影Silver Linings Playbook派特的幸福劇本,電影片名的意思是什麼意思?跟銀線有關嗎? →其實這部片是敘述男主角(Bradley Cooper飾)如何從生命中的谷底,相信positive thinking (正面思考)力量一步一部地最終扭轉乾坤。而這部片的片名裡面的Silver Linings 其實是由美國英文母語人士常用的"Every cloud has a silver lining"這個俚語,意味都在絕望中都有可盼的希望,一定會有那天可以撥雲見日或是翻譯成天無絕人之路都可以。另外講完了銀Silver,同學知道嗎?其實中文常說的含著金湯匙出生,在英文的用法是:be born with a silver spoon而不是金湯匙gold spoon喔!另外我們常說的有些人外表看起來很穩當而且很有耐力,但是做起事情來就懶散又沒效率,這時候我們就可以感慨的說:All that glitters is not always gold.(不是每個閃閃發亮的東西都是黃金。)也就是說有些人金玉其外,敗絮其中。 『本專刊內容由王軒老師提供,並與本社編輯部共同策畫製作』
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《Teaching》From Jinsha to Jamaica
Under the shade of tree, a skinny Jamaican girl with hair braids wears a green skirt. She stood with a chalkboard in her hands and introduced herself. "Hi, my name is Tineka Dixon," she said. "I am nine years old, and I attend the Sommerset Primary School. I have two brothers and three sisters. I like to study. Bye." Those simple words began a friendship between my students at Jinsha Elementary, and students halfway around the world in a small country called Jamaica. This year, my college friend, Lindsay Papsin, is teaching in Jamaica. We thought it would be great if our students could get to know one another. The girls at Jinsha were the first to respond. Julia He, a fifth grade student at Jinsha, recorded an introduction of herself and we sent it to Jamaica. For both my students in Kinmen and Lindsay's students in Jamaica, it is the first time many have ever communicated with a peer of another nationality or race, especially on the other side of the globe. I hope that several of my students will consider study abroad opportunities for high school like Rotary International, or that they will seek out similar opportunities in college. Many of the students got involved more easily using videos because they are more hesitant about reading and writing than about speaking English. Later, students began to write letters using a very basic sentence structure. I asked students to fill in the blanks and finally to decorate the letters. In some cases though, the students wrote their own original sentences! I hope to pair students up individually this semester so that we can create lasting friendships. I will also involve a local teacher in the project so it will continue after I leave Kinmen. With persistence, Lindsay and I believe we can create lasting relationships between our students that will enhance their English language abilities and broaden their perspectives.
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《Culture》Easter Sunday
Easter is a Christian holiday that celebrates the resurrection of Jesus Christ after his death by crucifixion, being nailed to a cross, almost 2000 years ago. According to the Bible, the Christian holy book, Jesus was arrested for crimes that threatened local religious and governmental control. He was tried and killed by the Roman governor of Palestine, Pontius Pilate, on a Friday, placed inside a tomb, and the tomb was sealed with a large rock. Three days later, friends of Jesus returned to the tomb to mourn his death and found the rock moved and the body missing. It is believed by Christians that Jesus resurrected, or brought himself back to life, three days after he died. It was this amazing event and the teaching of Jesus that inspired the earliest Christians to form groups, begin teaching and spreading their beliefs. Over two thousand years, this evolved into the religion of Christianity we are familiar with today. For modern Christians, Easter is a holiday that is celebrated by worshipping at a church service or eating a meal with family and friends. Christians often wear their nicest clothing, or Sunday best, for Easter. Young girls will commonly wear white dresses and boys will wear shirts and ties to church. A common symbol of Easter is the Easter bunny, a furry rabbit that most often carries a basket full of eggs, which represents fertility and life. The symbols of a rabbit and eggs have remained from ancient pre-Christian holidays that celebrated springtime. Many children enjoy decorating hard-boiled eggs with colors and patterns. These are called Easter eggs. For the nearly 80 percent of Americans and many Western Europeans who are Christian, Christmas on December 25, which celebrates Jesus' birth, is an even more important holiday. But for Eastern Orthodox Christians who generally live in Eastern Europe, Easter is the most important holiday of the year because it symbolizes the Christian belief in the afterlife, or life in heaven after physical death on earth.
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《Culture》Celebrating Valentine's Day
Valentine's Day is celebrated every year on the 14th of February. Originally, Valentine's Day celebrated St. Valentine. Around the years 279 AD, he performed Christian marriages for Roman soldiers against the law, was put in prison, and was beheaded for his beliefs. However, since around year 1400 AD, Valentine's Day has been a holiday mostly about sharing and showing love. Today's celebrations of Valentine's Day are about romance, love, and friendship. On February 14th , it's not unusual to find couples out on dates at a variety of romantic spots. For example, taking your sweetheart out to dinner is traditional, but sometimes a homemade, man-made dinner is even more romantic. Additionally, gifts are often exchanged. Normally a greeting card is given, made by hand or bought at the store and with a message of love. Single people or people in relationships send and give each other cards. Single people sometimes send cards with "Will you be my Valentine?" written inside. Being someone's Valentine means you might go on a date, exchange a gift, or perhaps share a kiss. Many kids in school make Valentine's Day cards for each other on February 14th Cards normally are shaped like hearts or have hearts on them, and can be made out of pink and red paper. These children's cards are expressions of friendship. The simplest type of Valentine is made by folding a piece of paper in half and cutting out half of a heart shape. Then, when it is unfolded, it makes a whole heart shape. Inside the heart, people can write a message for their Valentine. Normal gifts include flowers or candy, especially roses and chocolates. Sometimes gifts can even be activities, like going to a movie or even a trip! It can be so romantic that some people choose to propose marriage on Valentine's Day! All this gift giving means that Valentine's Day is big business for restaurants, jewelry stores, candy shops, flower shops, and places that sell cards. Sometimes thinking of something to give your Valentine can be very hard. So, like many holidays, the days before February 14th can be stressful. Celebrating Valentine's Day is a great way to show someone special to you that you care, or to do something romantic with someone you love. Although often accompanied by a card, candy, or flowers, Valentine's Day's most important feature is sharing love and friendship between two people.
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《Culture》Celebrating African American History
In the United States, the month of February is Black History Month, which celebrates African American history. During Black History Month, people try to remember the countless contributions that African Americans have made. Remembrance takes place at schools, at museums, at libraries, in the media, and elsewhere. In schools, teachers may spend extra time focusing on literature written by African Americans or on historical events in which African Americans played an important role. Museums might highlight exhibits related to African American history, and libraries may feature books written by African American authors.Television channels might also play movies or documentaries about African American history. Black History Month was first recognized by the U.S. government in 1976, but the event's history is much longer. Initially, Black History Month was Black History Week. It began in 1926, when the African American, Harvard-educated historian, Carter G. Woodson, first announced the holiday. His goal was to educate the American people about the important contributions that African Americans have made throughout history. After the first celebration in February 1926, African Americans and European Americans both began to spend more time teaching and talking about African American history. The holiday was an important cultural event long before it was recognized by the government fifty years later. When the event began in the 1920s, African American history was given almost no attention in schools or by the media. Dedicating a period of time to the study of African American history was meant to fix this problem. In fact, African American history is completely inseparable from the rest of American history, not just a subject for February. If it weren't for African Americans, the United States today would be a different country. Almost every aspect of American culture has been influenced by African American culture: everything from music to food, from fashion to American English. American culture is not the only thing influenced by African Americans. African American scientists, politicians, teachers, workers, and soldiers have also had a huge impact on the economy of the United States and its place on the world stage. Because of the great importance of African American history in American history, it is unfortunate that Americans still must dedicate a month every year to the study of that history. Eventually, African American history should be studied throughout the year, without the need for a reminder.
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《Teaching》5th Graders to Come to the KETLC
When the Spring Festival holidays are completed, Kinmen students will return to the classroom and continue their education. The Kinhu English Theme Learning Center, the KETLC, at Kinhu Elementary School, will continue to allow students to have new experiences and greater opportunities to use English to their fullest. New this semester, the KETLC will welcome 5th grade classes from all over Kinmen to come and experience two full days of English speaking, listening, and reading. During the fall semester, every 6th grade class in Kinmen came for two days to the KETLC and was able to experience three of the six themed classrooms which include, the Kitchen, the Airplane, Customs & Duty Free, the Restaurant/Hotel, the Beach, and the Transportation Station. 6th graders returned to their schools with stories of the fun activities at the KETLC like surfing and tanning, or the new food they tried, like the peanut butter & jelly sandwich. Now, it is time for the 5th graders to have their turn. Laticia Lee, the director of the KETLC, said that it is important for 5th graders to come to the KETLC because the variety of classrooms will excite them and hopefully inspire a lifetime interest in English. At KETLC students apply their English in simulated real life situations with native speakers. Mrs. Lee hopes that when 5th graders come back for their 6th grade year and come to KETLC, they will realize the great improvements they have made. While the grade level of the students changes this spring, the primary goals of the KETLC remain the same. Students practice vocabulary they have already studied in schools, students learn new vocabulary and phrases for excelling in real life situations, and students can be excited and inspired to study English in the future. The KETLC teachers are actively planning new lessons for the classrooms in order to make the lessons more appropriate for the 5th grade level. For instance, 5th grade students have not yet studied much of the vocabulary used in the classrooms, vehicles like car or bus or numbers greater than fifty. Designing lesson plans for the different classrooms is proving challenging for teachers. Teachers first need to find out what the students know. Then they must overcome what students don't know, without overwhelming them with too many new vocabulary words. In order to maximize the benefit to students, it is helpful for English classes in Kinmen schools to preview the KETLC vocabulary and phrases before coming to the KETLC. The material is found on the school department's website http://esd.km.edu.tw/etrc/Index.aspx. On the website, teachers and students can download the lessons and vocabulary lists for this semester as well as other free English learning material. Teachers should encourage students to be brave when coming to the KETLC. Using English is not a one-time event, but rather a lifetime adventure.
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《Culture》My First Semester in Kaohsiung
Recently at night, I circled Kaohsiung's Cultural Center in jeans and a cotton T-shirt, enjoying the warm harbor air and wondering how Christmas arrived so soon. In Michigan, I was used to seeing signs of the holidays: knee-high mounds of snow, road salt to melt the ice, and snow on the streets. People in Kaohsiung would find these unusual. Here in southern Taiwan, my third graders trudge to English class in down parkas, clearly surprised that their foreign teacher still wears shorts. “Teacher Ryan,” one brave, pudgy little boy pokes my side, “你不會冷嗎?” I can only smile and shake my head, “No, I'm not cold.” With only early nightfall to remind me of winter, Kaohsiung's mild weather often makes me forget that my teaching is almost half over. As the calendar switches to 2013, I feel that I should think deeply about my first semester with elementary school students in this beautiful city. I don't doubt that most people, on their best days, want to leave an imprint on the world through how they treat other people. Yet measuring that impact is much more difficult, and the hardest thing of all is actually leaving an imprint. I hope that I am. One thing I've learned in my short time as an English language teacher and Chinese student is that each day gives only the smallest insight about our progress. One morning I struggle, out of nervousness, simply to greet my school principal. Then I spend the next afternoon chatting with my Taiwanese coworkers for a half hour over steamed dumplings. That night, I am tongue-tied and confused by a grocery clerk's simple question at the store. I frequently see my students do the same thing. One morning, Zach tells me “he is great” when I ask him, and the next morning he uncertainly repeats the question back to me:“How are you?” One afternoon, little Tina greets me enthusiastically in the hall: “Hi, Teacher Jenny!”(my co-teacher’s name). Later after school, a hushed conversation with little Penny (with a few whispered words of Mandarin), allows us to share how much we both like Kaohsiung's art museum and Disneyland. Most of my students are not the same kids I met in September. Alma no longer looks (or rather runs) away when she sees me. Instead, she scampers up to me with her short little legs and jabbers a sentence or two of English we've just learned, before returning to Chinese. Mario no longer flashes a stubborn, uncomfortable smile to decline practicing sentences in class, at least not as often as he used to. And then there's Jimmy. Quiet for a third grader, his English is average. When he notices me looking at him in class, he smiles back hesitantly, as though afraid of getting in trouble. Last week, I hurried past his classroom on my way to another lesson, stopping only to wave quickly through the window. He waved back. Then I heard, “I love you.” in English. The bell rang then, but I stopped. I hadn't taught him that. I glanced at the window, but he was gone. Did I hear wrong? Suddenly a small blur in a blue uniform collided with me, and I felt short arms wrap around my middle. A second later he disappeared. Maybe I shouldn't need these quiet moments of affirmation. Until hearing the words, I didn't realize how much I needed them. These words warm my heart on nightly walks through Kaohsiung's snowless December streets. Between steps, I shake my head and smile to myself: “No, I'm not cold. And that's okay.”
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《Culture》The Most Famous Groundhog of All
By legend, on February 2nd in the United States a groundhog, an animal who is cousin to both the beaver and the squirrel, decides whether there will be six more weeks of winter or an early spring. Groundhog Day in parts of America is a small, nonreligious holiday brought over by European immigrants in the 18th century. The holiday combines several pagan festivals where animals were celebrated as indicators of the next season. Today, the biggest Groundhog Day's celebration occurs in central Pennsylvania in a small coal mining town called, Punxsutawney. On February 2nd, just as the sun rises, Punxsutawney Phil, America's most famous groundhog, awakes from his hibernation and bravely steps out of his hole. According to traditional folklore, if it is a cloudy day and Phil cannot see his shadow it means that it will be an early spring. However, if it is sunny when Phil steps out and he sees his shadow, there will be six more weeks of winter. If Phil does or does not see his shadow it doesn't matter on one level. The town always celebrates. Starting before sunrise, Punxsutawney residents and Groundhog Day enthusiasts from around the United States listen to music, eat good food, and wait for Phil to come out of his hole. Due to the popularity of the holiday, and because groundhogs are found across North America (as far Northwest as Alaska, and as Southeast as Georgia), many towns and cities now have their own groundhogs to determine when spring will arrive. None, however, are as famous as Punxsutawney Phil.
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《Culture》The Super Bowl
Although baseball is recognized as America's pastime (國粹), football (橄欖球) is America's most popular sport. American football originated more than 150 years ago and it is now played at the professional, college, and high school levels. There are 32 professional teams in the National Football League (NFL) and every team plays 16 games during the season. These football games are typically played on Sunday afternoons starting in September and ending in February. After the top 12 teams compete in the playoffs (季後賽) during January, the final two teams go head-to-head in the final championship game (冠軍賽), the Super Bowl (超級盃). More Americans watch the Super Bowl than any other TV show in the United States, and it is the second most popular television broadcast in the world. Typically, over 100 million people watch the Super Bowl! Because so many people watch the Super Bowl, companies pay large amounts of money to buy advertisements (廣告) during the game. Many companies will pay three to four million U.S. dollars for a 30 second commercial. Not only is the price of the commercials during the Super Bowl higher, but also the content (內容)of the commercials is different. Companies invest a lot of time and money producing their commercials because millions of people see them. Many companies bring in celebrities, such as David Beckham and Elton John, to be spokesmen for their products. Companies often make the commercials humorous (幽默的) or use sex appeal (性感) to draw the attention of the viewer. The commercials are so entertaining, in fact, that many people watch the Super Bowl simply to view the commercials. The day after the Super Bowl, people frequently talk about their favorite commercials, rather than the actual football game. The Super Bowl also features live entertainment during the halftime show. The halftime performance is always a “must-see” event. In a matter of minutes, the football field is transformed into a stage for world-renowned singers. The Rolling Stones, Paul McCartney, Madonna, and U2 have all performed at halftime. Whether people watch the Super Bowl for the athletic competition, the commercials, or just the halftime show, it will continue to attract millions of viewers for years to come.