輕鬆學英語
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新聞英文解析 FDA暫停21家進口或製造商從中國進口辣椒粉
The FDA yesterday suspended chili pepper powder imports from China from 21 importers and manufacturers for three months after Sudan III, a colorant banned in food in Taiwan were found to contain in their products. 衛生福利部食品藥物管理署昨日暫停21家進口商和製造商從中國進口辣椒粉三個月,因為這些產品被發現含有台灣禁止在食品中使用的著色劑蘇丹Ⅲ。 suspend:(v.)暫停;中止 colorant:(n.)也可寫作coloring agent,著色劑 ban:(v.)禁止(各種禁止的使用方式可參照前期新聞英文) The FDA:Food and Drug Administration衛生福利部食品藥物管理署的縮寫(簡稱食藥署),成立於2010年1月1日,是中華民國衛生福利部所屬機關,負責食品和藥品的管理監督工作。 Eight months before the FDA imposed the new standards, 172 shipments of Chinese chili powder were imported into Taiwan. 98 of them were inspected and 24 failed tests, a failure rate of about 25 percent. The tainted powder that ended up in the supply chain was imported on Oct. 23 last year before the standards were enhanced. More than 1.06 tons of products were recalled as of Monday, including Yuzhong Food’s popular shrimp-flavored snacks. 在FDA實施新標準前8個月,有172批中國辣椒粉進口到台灣,其中98批被檢查,24批不合格,不合格率約25%。最終進入供應鏈的受污染粉末是在標準提高之前於去年10月23日進口的。截至週一已有超過1.06噸產品被召回,其中包括裕榮食品股份有限公司受歡迎的零食蝦味先。 impose:(v.)推行;強制實行 shipment:(n.)貨物裝運;出貨 inspect:(v.)檢查 用來表示「檢查」的單字有很多,一般來說,最普通的用詞是examine,可以表示粗略地查看,也能表示仔細觀察或調查已確定事務的性質、功能或特典等等,這個字經常用於醫學或者是法律的語境。而文中使用的inspect : 是側重按照一定質量標準來檢查某物,來找出不足或不同之處,通常強調對象正進行正式或者官方的檢查,以確認是否符合規定。investigate : 指為了發現事實真相或者了解以掌握情況來進行深入細緻的現場考察。detect則是一個比較寬泛的用詞,用來表達發現未知或者難以觀察的事物,經常用在科學研究的上下文。至於大家經常用的check,是指進行確認或者驗證某物是否正確或者處在預期的條件之下。 tainted:(a.)被污染的(通常指透過添加有害物質而污染食品或血液等) enhance:(v.)增加;提高 recall:(v.)召回;收回 “Sudan reds” typically being used as an industrial dye for oils, wax and polymers are categorized as Group II carcinogens by the WHO. Human consumption of the substance can lead to the formation of amines, a probable carcinogen for humans. The use of Sudan reds in food is punishable by up to seven years in prison commutable to an NT$80 million (US$2.54 million) fine, FDA Director-General Wu Shou-mei said. 通常用作油、蠟和聚合物的工業染料的「蘇丹紅」被世界衛生組織列為第二類致癌物。人類食用該物質會導致胺的形成,胺是一種可能的人類致癌物。FDA 局長吳秀梅表示,在食品中使用蘇丹紅可判處最高七年有期徒刑,併科罰金8,000 萬新台幣(254 萬美元)罰款。 polymers:(n.)聚合物;高聚物;多聚物 聚合物一般為「有機聚合物」,但亦有「無機聚合物」,其英語單字polymer,源自希臘語的字根,polys 表「多」,meros 表「小單位(part)」,所以很多小單位連結在一起的這種特別分子,稱為聚合物,例如塑膠和高分子。 consumption:(n.)攝入;飲食 substance:(n.)物質 formation:(n.)形成 amine:(n.)胺 carcinogen:(n.)致癌物質 commutable:(a.)可取代的;可交換的 FDA officials told a news conference that the policy to test every shipment of chili powder imports from China which in effect since Dec. 11 last year is to continue until June 10, adding that importing a food product without valid documentation, including its point of origin, is punishable by a NT$200 million fine and the possible suspension of the affected product line or company. FDA官員在新聞發布會上表示,自去年12月11日起對每批從中國進口的辣椒粉進行檢測的政策將持續到6月10日,並補充進口沒有有效文件(包括原產地)的食品將被處以新台幣 2 億元的罰款,且可能暫停受影響的產品線或公司。 in effect:(phr-adv..)實際上,事實上 valid:(a.)有效的 suspension:(n.)暫停
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新聞英文解析 兩名中國跨境捕漁船員在逃避追捕中喪生
Two Chinese fishermen have drowned while trying to avoid a pursuit by the Taiwanese coastguard who accused them of entering prohibited waters off Taiwan's northernmost Kinmen archipelago. 兩名中國漁民在台灣最北端的金門群島附近被因逃避台灣海警追補時溺水身亡。海警指控他們進入台灣金門島附近的禁海。 drown:(v.)淹死;溺水 pursuit:(n.)追捕 coastguard:(n.)海巡 accuse:(v.)指控 prohibit:(v.)禁止 通常在新聞英文中常見用來表示「禁止」的單字是ban、prohibit和forbid,但這三個字在運用上有很大的差異,ban這個字通常指的是法律或規則上禁止某個行為的發生,可以直接當動詞或名詞使用,當名詞用要加上on,例如或髮禁(ban on hairstyles),也可組成複合名詞,比如gun ban(槍禁)。prohibit通常使用在被動語態,並以事物作為主詞,被「人」給「禁止」之後,這件「事情」就被禁止了。而forbid是「有權利位階差異」下所做出的禁止,例如中國紫禁城就叫做“The Forbidden City”,而父母對小孩的禁止通常也用forbid來表示。 northernmost:(a.)最北 archipelago:(n.)群島;群島周圍的海域 Coast Guard officials said the fishing boat trespassed into Taiwanese waters illegally to fish on Wednesday. The four crew on board resisted an inspection and tried to escape in a zigzag formation, at one point using an evasive maneuver that caused the boat to capsize during the pursuit and all four crew were thrown into the sea. 海巡表示,這艘漁船週三侵入台灣水域捕魚。船上的四名漁民拒檢,該快艇試圖蛇行避開追捕,甚至甩尾導致快艇翻覆。 trespass:(v.)違法擅自進入;侵入 resist:(v.)抵抗 inspection:(n.)檢查;視察 zigzag:(n.)鋸齒形線條;之字形;行動、計劃或想法突然變來變去;呈之字形移動 formation:(n.)結構;形狀 evasive:(a.)迴避的 maneuver:(n.)部隊的調動;演習 evasive maneuver機動規避;迴避式運動 The coast patrol boat rescued two crew members and found another two unconscious ones in the sea. Rescue workers struggled to lift an unconscious Chinese fisherman onto the boat, but the fisherman wouldn't budge. Eventually with careful cooperation, each fisherman was pulled from the water by a spine board. Two of them survived. The two unconscious members were sent immediately to Kinmen Hospital for emergency care and were declared dead upon arrival. 海岸巡邏艇救出了兩名船員,並在海中發現了另外兩名昏迷的船員。兩名潛水人員,試圖將失去生命跡象的落水中國漁民,推上翻覆的船艇,但未果。通力合作下,用脊柱板成功把人送離水面。其中兩名生還,另兩名喪失意識的船員立刻被送往金門醫院進行急救,在抵達後宣告死亡。 patrol:(n.)巡邏 unconscious:(a.)失去意識的;無意識的 budge:(v.)使輕微移動 spine board:(n.)脊柱板 spine是脊隨的意思,board是板子,spine board(脊柱板)是一種患者處理設備,最常由護理人員、救生員和滑雪巡邏人員使用,主要用於到院前的創傷護理,為疑似脊柱或四肢受傷的人在運動過程中提供牢固的支撐。 coordination:(n.)協調 declare:(v.)宣告 The vessel involved in this case was unnamed, lacking certification and port of registry. Beijing "strongly condemned" the incident and said it "seriously hurt the feelings of compatriots on both sides of the Taiwan Strait". Taiwanese authorities on Thursday expressed regret over the death of two Chinese fishermen but maintained that its maritime law enforcement officers were acting on their mandates in accordance with the law. 涉案船舶系屬是無船名, 無船舶證書,無船籍港登記的三無船舶。北京「強烈譴責」這起事件,稱其「嚴重傷害了海峽兩岸同胞的感情」。台灣當局週四對兩名中國漁民的死亡表示遺憾,但堅稱其海上執法人員正在依法執行任務。 vessel:(n.)船 通常我們用boat、ship和vessel來表示「船的總稱」。差別在vessel是比較正式的用語,可用來統稱所有的船隻。而boat和ship是一般生活中較常見的字。boat通常是指「中小型的船」,會出現在沿海地區、湖邊、河邊,像是漁船fishing boat、帆船sailing boat、遊船cruise boat......等。由於撈屈原的船是江邊漁夫的小船,所以「端午節」就叫Dragon Boat Festival。 ship則是「中大型的船」,航行距離比較遠,甚至會橫跨海洋。例如:遠洋漁船fishing ship、遊輪cruise ship、貨船cargo ship.....等。 certification:(n.)證書 registry:(n.)註冊 condemn:(v.)譴責 compatriot:(n.)同胞;國人 maritime:(a.)近海的;沿海的;海事的 mandate:(n.)授權進行;正式批准 accordance:(n.)符合
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新聞英文解析 智利大火至少51人喪生
At least 51 people were killed by forest fires in central Chile and the death toll is expected to keep rising as unusually high temperatures and droughts fan blazes across South American, authorities said on Saturday, as emergency services battled to snuff out flames threatening urban areas. The responders had managed to control 40 of some 92 fires burning Saturday across the country. The area affected by the wildfires increased from 30,000 to 43,000 hectares, or more than 106,000 acres, said Interior Minister Carolina Toha earlier in the day. 智利中部肆虐的森林大火已造成至少51人死亡,當局週六表示,由於南美洲異常高溫和乾旱加劇大火,預計死亡人數將持續上升,緊急服務部門正在努力撲滅威脅城市地區的大火。週六,救援人員已成功控制了全國範圍內約92處正在燃燒中火災的40處。內政部長托哈當天稍早表示,受大火影響的面積從從30,000公頃增加到43,000公頃,超過106,000英畝。 toll:(n.)死亡事故或災難的總數 drought:(n.)乾旱 fan:(v.)吹(使火更旺) blaze:(n.)大火; 火災; 火焰 battle:(v.)奮戰;對抗 snuff:(v.)消滅 flame:(n.)火焰 常見用於表示火焰的字有blaze、flame以及flare這三個單字,一般來說,flame這個單字用於簡單表示「一股火焰」或「火舌」,而如果要強調「燃燒過程的突然和迅速」就要使用flare這個單字,而blaze這個單字通常表示「火勢猛烈」,常見於新聞英文中,用來表示「大火」或「火災」。Flame若用來表示火災,則沒有blaze來得強烈。 responder:(n.)首先到達現場處理緊急事件的現場急救人員 urban:(n.)都會的;都市地區的 hectare:(n.)公頃 Hillside neighborhoods surrounding the coastal resort city of Vina del Mar are among those hardest hit and rescue teams were struggling to reach all the affected areas, Chilean authorities said. The president decreed a curfew in the area to help free up routes for emergency vehicles and to allow people to evacuate. Macarena Ripamonti, the mayor of Vina del Mar, described it as an “unprecedented tragedy” and said at least 372 people are missing. 智利當局表示,沿海旅遊城市比尼亞德爾馬週邊山區是受災最嚴重的地區,救援隊正在努力到達所有受影響地區。總統下令在該地區實施宵禁,以幫助騰出緊急車輛的路線並允許人們疏散。比尼亞德爾馬市長馬卡雷納·裡帕蒙蒂 (Macarena Ripamonti) 形容這是一場「前所未有的悲劇」並表示至少有 372 人失蹤。 coastal:(a.)位於海岸的;臨海的 resort:(n.)度假勝地 rescue:(n.)救援;營救 struggle:(v.)掙扎;致力於 decree:(v.)發出命令;下達政令 curfew:(n.)宵禁(尤指戰爭或政治動盪時期實行的宵禁);戒嚴 route:(n.)路線 evacuate:(v.)撤離 unprecedented:(a.)史無前例的;空前的;絕無僅有的 tragedy:(n.)悲劇 It is believed to be Chile's deadliest forest fire on record. The housing ministry said between 3,000 and 6,000 houses were impacted by the fires. President Gabriel Boric has declared a state of emergency to combat the forest fires encroaching on coastal cities in the Valparaiso region in central Chile and said he would make "all necessary resources" available to tackle the situation. Military personnel have been deployed alongside emergency services, and the cause of the fires is being investigated. 據信這是智利有史以來最致命的森林火災。住房和城鄉建設部表示,有 3,000 至 6,000 棟房屋受到火災影響。總統加布里埃爾·博里奇宣布進入緊急狀態,以撲滅侵蝕智利中部瓦爾帕萊索地區沿海城市的森林大火,並表示他將提供「所有必要的資源」來應對這種情況。軍事人員已與緊急服務人員一起部署,火災原因正在調查中。 impact:(v.)影響 最常用於表達「影響」的英文單字是affect,而influence會比較偏向是「思想上的影響」,若想要強調「對某人或某件事造成巨大的影響」則使用impact這個單字,有時候中文也會翻成「衝擊」,在政治或是商業上很常使用。 deadly:(a.)致命的 declare:(v.)宣布;宣告 combat:(v.)戰鬥 encroach:(v.)侵害 tackle:(v.)處理;對付 deploy:(v.)部署 alongside:(prep.)與…一起 investigate:(v.)調查
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新聞英文解析 屏東柯姓村長因中國贊助旅行被拘留
Allegedly receiving money from Beijing to organize four trips to China last year, one of Pingtung County village wardens was placed in pretrial detention, during which participants were told to vote for certain candidates, the Pingtung District Prosecutors’ Office said yesterday. 屏東地檢署昨天表示,屏東縣一名村長因涉嫌收受北京資助,去年四次組團前往中國,期間參加者並被告知投票給某些候選人而被審前拘留。 allegedly:(adv.)據稱 warden:(n.)管理員 warden原有管理員、典獄長或看守人之意,加上village,表示村長。 pretrial:(a.)審判前的 detention:(n.)拘留 participant:(n.)參與者 candidate:(n.)候選人 prosecutor:(n.)檢察官 A filing by prosecutors said that witness testimonies, documents and personal phones seized from Ke Hong-teng, warden of Jhongliao Village in Pingtung County’s Fangliao Township, showed that Ke organized trips to China in June, September and November last year, as well as last month. The number of local residents participating in the trips was unspecified. 檢方提交的文件稱,從證人證詞、文件和屏東縣枋寮鎮中寮村長柯宏騰身上查獲的個人手機顯示,柯於去年6月9月和11月,以及上個月曾組旅行團前往中國。參與旅行的當地居民人數並未具體說明。 filing:(n.)歸檔紀錄;提起訴訟 witness:(n.)證人 testimony:(n.)(尤指法庭上的)證詞 document:(n.)文件 resident:(n.)居民 participate:(v.)參與 unspecified:(a.)未說明;未指定 Communications records on Ke’s personal phones indicate he has links to TAO officials, who helped with the coordination and funding of the trips with the support of some Taiwanese businesspeople based in China. The trips were mainly financed with TAO and the participants’ accommodation, dinner banquets, tour guides and buses were paid by the local Chinese officials. TAO officials met with Ke and tour groups to request that they vote for a specific political party and its candidates in the elections on Saturday last week. 檢調稱柯個人手機上的通聯記錄顯示,他與國台辦官員有聯繫,國台辦在某些駐大陸台商的支持下,幫助協調及資助這些旅行。這些旅行主要由TAO資助,並由中國當地官員支付參與者的住宿、宴會、導遊和巴士費用。TAO官員會見了柯及旅遊團,要求他們在上週六的選舉投票給特定政黨及其候選人。 indicate:(v.)顯示 coordination:(n.)協調 funding:(n.)資助;資金提供 China’s Taiwan Affairs Office:國務院台灣事務辦公室,中共中央台灣工作辦公室,簡稱國台辦,英文縮寫為TAO finance:(v.)向…提供資金 accommodation:(n.)住宿 banquet:(n.)宴會 request:(v.)要求 specific:(a.)特定的;明確的 After a preliminary investigation last month, prosecutors questioned Ke again this week. This is the second case in Pingtung County this month regarding trips to China organized by local officials to influence voting behavior. Ke was not only detained for China-sponsored trips but also charged with contravening the Presidential and Vice Presidential Election and Recall Act and other election laws. He was denied bail on Thursday due to him being a possible flight risk and that he could tamper with evidence. 經上個月的初步調查後,檢方本週再次對柯進行訊問,此為屏東縣本月第二起涉及當地官員為影響投票行為組織前往中國的案件。柯不僅因中國所贊助的旅行而被拘留,並被控違反總統副總統選舉罷免法和其他選舉法。因其可能有潛逃風險並且有可能竄改證據,上週四被拒絕保釋。 preliminary:(a.)主要的 investigation:(n.)調查 regard:(v.)關於 detain:(v.)拘留 sponsored:(a.)贊助的 contravene:(v.)違反;尤其指違犯法律或規則 the Presidential and Vice Presidential Election and Recall Act:(n.)總統副總統選舉罷免法 bail:(n.)保釋 flight:(n.)逃跑 risk:(n.)風險 tamper:(v.)竄改 evidence:(n.)證據
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新聞英文解析 金門選民返鄉投票軍機無預期被取消
At Taipei Songshan Airport Saturday (Jan.13) morning, dozens of travelers showed up expecting to board a C-130H military transport plane to take them across the Taiwan Strait to Kinmen but failed. About 100 voters waiting to board flights to the offshore island of Kinmen were unable to return home to vote on election day after a military flight previously planned for them was unexpectedly canceled and theyfound the militaryhad run out of planes to fly them home. 週六(Jan. 13)早上,數十名旅客出現在台北松山機場,原本希望搭乘C-130H軍用運輸機穿越台灣海峽飛往金門卻無法成行。大約100名等待登上飛往金門島的航班的選民無法在選舉日返回家鄉投票,因為先前計劃為他們安排的軍事飛行無預期取消,甚至軍方已經無飛機可送他們返家。 offshore:(a.)近海的;離岸的 offshore island:(n.)離島 previously:(adv.)先前 unexpectedly:(adv.)無預期地 run out of:(v-phr.)用完 There's nomail-in voting in Taiwan so that voters must return to the place where their household is registered and vote in person on election day, which causes much more difficulties for those who live in Taiwan but are registered in Taiwan's outlying islands including Kinmen, Matsu, Penghu, Orchid Island, and others. Especiallyfor voters who are residents of Taiwan's outlying Kinmen Islands, air transport is often the only possibility to reach the island in time from Taiwan's main island. 台灣沒有郵寄投票,選民必須在選舉日返回戶籍地親自投票,這對於那些包括在金門、馬祖、澎湖、蘭嶼等台灣離島的人來說造成了相當的困難。對金門離島居民投票者來說,航空運輸往往是從台灣主島及時到達該島的唯一途徑。 household:(n.)居住地 register:(v.)登記 outlying:(a.)遠離中心的;邊遠的 possibility:(n.)可能性 The hundred or so residents arrived at Songshan Airport in the morning on election daybut were unable to board the flight which was planned by the CAA and the MND. When inquiring about the flight, theywere told at noon that it had been canceled, which meant they would be unable to vote. 選舉日上午,百餘居民抵達松山機場,但未能登上由民航局(CAA)和國防部策劃的班機。待詢問航班狀況,在中午被告知航班已取消,這意味著他們無法投票。 the MND:(n.)the Ministry of National Defense 國防部 the CAA:(n.)the Civil Aviation Administration民航局 inquire:(v.)詢問 When inquiring about the flight, theywere told……是When they inquired about the flight and theywere……轉成的分詞構句。文中多有類似的句法。 The MND released a statement saying that it was unable to give a positive response to the snap request from the CAA for extra flights because the shift of manpower to focus on combat readiness began at 12:00 noon. For fulfilling the demands of military preparedness, and allowing military personnel to vote, it could not support the CAA by providing aircraft. 國防部發表聲明稱,因中午12:00開始將人力轉移到戰備上,因此無法對民航局(CAA)緊急增加航班的請求做出積極回應。為了滿足軍事準備的要求,並讓軍事人員投票,無法支持民航局計畫的額外航班。 release:(v.)釋出;發布 statement:(n.)聲明 snap:(adj.)倉促的;緊急的 request:(n.)要求 extra:(adj.)額外的 shift:(n.)轉移 manpower:(n.)兵力 to focus on :(v-phr.)聚焦在 combat:(n.)戰鬥 readiness:(n.)戒備狀態 fulfilling:(v.-ing)實現 demand:(n.)需求 preparedness:(n.)準備 personnel:(n.)全體人員
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新聞英文解析 日本近八年最嚴重地震
Japan's death toll from Monday's earthquake reached 110 yesterday with more than 200 still missing while a search for survivors in the rubble of collapsed buildings was continuing.Weather forecasts warned of heavy rain in Ishikawa, leading to worries about landslides and further damage to half-crumbled homes. 日本週一地震造成的死亡人數昨天達到 110人,在倒塌建築物廢墟中搜尋倖存者的工作仍然持續進行,仍有200多人失蹤。天氣預報警告石川縣將有大雨,引發人們對山體滑坡和半倒塌房屋進一步損壞的擔憂。 toll:(n.)傷亡;損失;破壞 survivor:(n.)倖存者 rubble:(n.)碎磚爛瓦,尤其指房屋倒塌或被毀後留下的瓦礫堆或碎石 collapsed:(a.)崩塌的 landslide:(n.)山體滑坡;塌方 crumbled:(a.)碎裂的;崩塌的 The magnitude 7.5 earthquake, the deadliest onein nearly eight years, struck Japan's west coast, destroying the infrastructure and snapping power links to 22,000 homes in the Hokuriku region.The narrow Noto Peninsula has added to the challenges in reaching some communities. Water, power and cellphone service were still down in some areas.Rain hampered efforts to sift the rubble for survivors as nearly 33,000evacuees are staying at evacuation centers andawaitingaid.Temperatures were expected to drop to about 4°C overnight. 在這場近八年來最嚴重的地震中,日本西海岸發生7.5級地震,北陸地區的基礎設施遭到破壞,22,000戶家庭的供電中斷。狹窄的能登半島增加了抵達某些社區的挑戰性,部分地區的水、電和手機服務仍中斷。由於大雨阻礙了在廢墟中搜尋倖存者的工作,近33,000人正住在疏散中心等待救援。預計夜間氣溫將降至4℃左右。 magnitude:(n.)規模 magnitude 這個詞本身是「大小」的意思,被用來指稱地震的「規模」,也就是地震本身的強度,跟地區無關,這裡的規模,通常是指「芮氏規模(Richter Scale)」,表示到小數點,比如說7.5級地震,要特別注意的是,規模並不是等級。 deadly:(a.)非常危險的;致命的 infrastructure:(n.)公共建設(如鐵路、公路、下水道等);基礎建設 snap:(v.)突然折斷;哢嚓一聲折斷, Hokurikuregion:(n.)北陸地區 北陸地區一般指日本本州中部地區臨日本海沿岸的地方,包括福井縣、石川縣、富山縣及新潟縣。北陸地區的名稱來自日本古代五畿七道中的「北陸道」,由於經濟與文化的差異,有時北陸地方又不含新潟縣,所以有「含新潟縣的北陸地方」的「北陸4縣」以及「北陸3縣」的區分。 hamper:(v.)阻礙;牽制 sift:(v.)轉換 evacuee:(n.)被疏散者;尤其指戰爭中的被撤離者 evacuation:(n.)撤離;疏散 The number of confirmed dead stood at 110 by 4pm yesterday, up from 94 the previous day. Of the deaths, 32 were counted in Wajima city, while 22 people died in Suzu, Ishikawa prefectural authorities said. The other deaths were reported in five neighboring towns.Dozens of missing people are believed trapped under collapsed buildings, but the exact number is unclear.Japaneseprime minister called it a race against time.The rescue workersandcanine unitshas joined military personnel and firefighters tosearched urgently through rubble ahead of predicted bitter cold and heavy rain to findthose who are thought to be trapped. 截至昨天下午4點,確認死亡人數為110 人,高於前一天的94人。石川縣當局稱,輪島市有32人死亡,而珠洲市有22人死亡,根據報導,其他五個鄰近城鎮也有死亡案例。據信有數十人被困在倒塌的建築物下,但具體數字尚不清楚。該國首相稱其為一場與時間的賽跑,救援隊及搜救警犬已加入軍事人員和消防員一起迫切在預計的嚴寒與苦雨來臨前尋找被困人員。 confirmed:(a.)確認的 previous:(a.)先前的 prefectural:(a.)縣的;府的 canine units:(n.)警犬 personnel:(n.)公司、組織或軍隊的全體人員 urgently:(adv.)迫切地 predicted:(a.)預期的 bitter:(a.)令人痛苦的;天氣嚴寒的 trap:(v.)困住
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新聞英文解析 六直轄市嚴防持刀傷人行為
In response to the death of a junior-high student in New Taipei City who was stabbed several times with a switchblade by a schoolmate on Monday, President Tsai Ing-wen said yesterday that a meeting between the six special municipalities is to be convened next week to discussways to improve campus safety,including measures for reintroducing juvenile offenders and counseling. 針對新北市國中生被刺數刀死亡事件,蔡英文總統昨表示六直轄市將於下週召開會議討論改善校園安全問題,包括重新引介少年犯和諮詢措施。 stab:(v.)用刀等銳器戳,捅,刺 switchblade:(n.)彈簧刀 municipality:(n.)直轄市 convene:(v.)召開,召集 reintroducing:(n.)重新導入;再介紹 juvenile:(n.)青少年 offender:(n.)罪犯 counseling:(n.)諮詢 A ninth-grade male student reportedly stabbed the victim in the neck and chest leaving him with no vital signsafter a female classmate complained to him about the way the other student had spoken to her.The injured student was rushed to Far Eastern Memorial Hospital. Although his heartbeat was initially restored after emergency treatment, the student died on Tuesday night for thefailed surgery. 據報導,一名九年級男學生在女同學對其抱怨受害者與之說話的方式後,持刀刺傷該名受害者的脖子與胸部,致使失去生命體徵。受傷學生被送往遠東紀念醫院,雖然經過緊急治療後初步恢復心跳,但因手術失敗,該名學生於週二晚間死亡。 victim:(n.)受害者 vital:(adj.)生命的 injured:(adj.受傷的 rush:(v.)極速做;趕緊 heartbeat:(n.)心跳 initially:(adv.)初步 restore:(v.)恢復 Ajuvenile court on Tuesday ruled that the assailant should be placed in custody and the female student be released into the custody of a legal guardian.Local media reported that the stabber had already had multiple run-ins with the law for crimes including causing bodily harmand had only recently been released from a juvenile detention center. 週二,少年法庭裁定攻擊者應被拘留,而女學生則應由法定監護人監護。據當地媒體報導,持刀行兇者已經多次因包括造成人身傷害在內等犯罪行為觸犯法律,最近才從少年看守所釋放。 assailant:(n.)襲擊者 custody:(n.)監護;監禁;拘留 release:(v.)釋放 guardian:(n.)監護人 multiple:(adj.)多種的;多個的 run-ins:(n.)激烈衝突 detention:(n.)偵查 juvenile detention center:(n.)少年觀護所,少年拘留中心;感化院 JUVIE是juvenile detention center的簡稱,根據《少年事件處理法》第52條及第53條規定,對於12歲以上不滿18歲的少年:對於少年之交付安置輔導及施以感化教育時,由少年法院依其行為性質、身心狀況、學業程度及其它必要事項,分類交付適當之福利、教養機構或感化教育機構執行之,受少年法院之指導。感化教育機構之組織及其教育之實施,以法律定之,執行期間均不得逾三年。現有誠正中學、敦品中學、勵志中學、明陽中學等取代原有少年監獄與少年感化院、少年輔育院。以學校的形式,轉型為教育方式導正少年受刑人的觀念與方向。 A national education action alliance urged the government to provide alternative education programs specifically tailored to meet the needs of these students becauseat-risk students often come from dysfunctional family backgrounds, have difficulty adapting to a school environment and in some cases pose a threat to school safety.The Ministry of Education in a statement on Wednesday expressed regret over the incident and promised to review the nation's alternative education system to address the educational needs of students that cannot be met in regular schools. 因為高風險學生往往來自功能失調的家庭背景,難以適應學校環境,在某些情況下對學校安全構成威脅,全國教育行動聯盟敦促政府提供專門滿足這些學生需求的替代教育計畫學生。教育部在周三的聲明中對此事件表示遺憾,並承諾審查國家的替代教育體系,以解決普通學校無法滿足的學生的教育需求。 alliance:(n.)聯盟 specifically:(adv.)專門地;明確地 tailor:(v.)使適應特定需要 at-risk:(adj.)處於危險之中的 dysfunctional:(adj.)功能失調的;機能障礙的 adapt:(v.)適應 alternative:(adj.)可供選擇的 address:(v.)解決
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新聞英文解析 碳權交易子法草案出爐
The MOENV published the draft regulations for Taiwan's governing domestic carbon credit trading this Friday before the first batch of international carbon credits are to become available for purchase on the TCX platform from Dec. 22, with a 60-day public consultation period starting the day after publication. 環境部於本週五公佈了國內碳權交易子法草案,隨後第一批國際碳信用額將可於 12月12日起在台灣碳權交易所平台上供購買。自發布次日起有為期60天的公眾評審期。 *the MOENV:(n.)中華民國環境部Ministry of Environment的簡稱 *draft:(n.)草案 *regulation:(n.)法規 *batch:(n.)批次;一組 *available:(a.)可行的 *the TCX:(n.)台灣碳權交易所the Taiwan Carbon Solution Exchange的簡稱 *consultation:(n.)諮詢 According to the MOENV, the regulationswould govern the units and what can be traded or auctioned, how exchanges take place, who is permitted to buy and sell, and how the authorities intend to manage the platform. 該部表示,這些法規將規定可以交易或拍賣的商品及單位、交易的方式、允許買賣的人和當局打算如何管理該平台。 *govern:(v.).統治;管理;決定,指導,影響 *auction:(n.)拍賣 *take place:(v-phr.)發生 ☆英文中常用於表示「發生」的英文單字有happen、occur以及take place,其中happen最為常見,用來籠統表示意外事件的發生,occur比happen的說法來得正式,且說話者所指的事件也較明顯,而take place則多用在「已經經過計畫、設定」的事件上,而非突發或偶然的事件。 *permit:(v.)允許 *permit雖非單音節短母音的單字,但是在過去式或過去分詞的寫法上,仍需要重複字尾加上ed,表示為permitted The platform facilitating the buying and selling of carbon credits was established in August, but trading is yet to commence.Exchanges can be made through set-price trading, auctioning and negotiated trading. The first two are available on the platform, while negotiated trading takes place independently, but the details would still have to be reported to the authorities, the draft regulations stated. 該促進碳信用額的買賣的平台於八月成立,但交易尚未開始。交換可以透過定價交易、拍賣、協商交易等方式進行。草案規定,前兩項可在平台上進行,而協商交易則是獨立進行,其細節仍需向當局報告。 *facilitate:(v.)促進;幫助 *commence:(v.)開始 ☆常見用於表示「開始」的字有start、begin以及commence,其中start在大多數情況中都可與 begin互換,但start比較「明確」,凡是有身體動作或者動作、程序或過程有起點,一般用start來表示;而commence是個正式用字,含意與begin完全相同,多用在正式書面文件、正式儀式或其他正式場合中,或用來表示某種正式行動的「開始」。 *negotiated:(adj.)協商的 *independently:(adv.)獨立地 Carbon credits that are traded and transferred cannot be re-traded or re-auctioned, and the ministry would have the right to cap or set a floor price "when necessary", according to the draft. The discretionary measure aims to grant the authorities the right to prevent drastic price fluctuations becauseof "price hype", explained the document explaining the draft articles provided by the ministry. 草案指出,交易和轉讓的碳信用額不能重新交易或重新拍賣,且該部有權「在必要時」限制或設定底價。該部所提供的解釋條款草案文件則稱此項酌情措施旨在賦予當局防止「價格炒作」導致價格劇烈波動的權利。 *cap:(v.)設限 ☆cap當名詞的時候為有帽舌的帽子,也可以作為「蓋子」來表示,若當作動詞的時候則有「覆蓋」或「設限」的意思,比較特別注意,這個字也可以表示「說謊」,to cap something這個俚語源自於美國的黑人文化,是to lie about something的意思,而no cap這個短語則用來表示「沒騙人、真實的」,通常用來強調某些令人難以置信的事情是真的。 *hype:(n.)炒作 *discretionary:(a.)酌情決定的 *grant:(v.)授予;准予 *drastic:(a.)激烈的 *fluctuation:(n.)波動
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新聞英文解析 台電電纜導致苗栗連環車禍一死三傷
One person dead and three injured in a multi-vehicle pile-up resulting from a cable falling during electrical work carried out by state-owned Taiwan Power Co (Taipower) around 10amon the Tongsiao (通霄) section of Formosa Freeway No. 3 yesterday. The person who died was pronounced dead after being rushed to a hospital, the Miaoli County Fire Bureau said, adding that she had no vital signs at the scene of the accident. 國營台電昨日在進行電力作業時,因電纜掉落,導致連環車禍,造成國道三號通霄路段一死三傷。苗栗縣消防局表示,死者在被送往醫院後被宣告死亡,並補充其在事故現場時已無生命徵象。 *multi-vehicle pile-up:(n.)多車連環事故;連環車禍 ☆multi-這個字首是「複合」;「多元」的意思,multi-vehicle pile-up是指a crash involving many vehicles連環車禍,也可以說成multi-vehicle accident *pile-up:(n.)堆疊;多車追撞;連環車禍 *carry out:(v.-phr.)執行;施作 *vitalsign:(n.)生命跡象 ☆新聞報導中常看到醫護人員說OHCA,OHCA原稱「DOA」此為醫學術語,原本是「Dead on arrival」縮寫,意指到院前死亡。但由於救護員不具醫師資格,無法宣布患者死亡,只能用OHCA表示送醫前已經不治。 A preliminary investigation by the National Highway Police Bureau reported that seven vehicles, including a tour bus, a semi-trailer and five passenger cars, were involved in an accident after a cable fellonto the freewaydueto worker negligencein aTaipower electricity transmission project, causing one car to tip over and the subsequent pileup. 國道警察局初步調查稱,台電輸電工程因工人疏忽,一條長電纜掉落到高速公路上,導致七輛車,包括一輛旅遊巴士、一輛半拖車和五輛客車發生事故,造成一輛汽車翻倒,隨後連環相撞。 *preliminary:(a.)初步的 *investigation:(n.)調查 *subsequent:(a.)隨後的;接著而來的 ☆semi-這個字首代表「一半」,有「不完全」或者是「部分」的意思 *transmission:(n.)傳輸 *project:(n.)工程 *involve in:(v.-phr.)牽涉其中 The cable first crashed into a southbound car andmade ithita highway fence. A northbound semi-trailer was then struck by the cableand make the stricken car hooked up again, leading to the ensuing pileup, as the other five vehicles traveling behind were unable to avoid colliding with the car.Highway police said the traffic on the freeway become backed up for about 2km by the accident, but it soon was cleared in about one hour. 電纜首先撞上一輛向南行駛的汽車,導致該汽車撞上高速公路圍欄。隨後,一輛向北行駛的半拖車被纜索撞到,導致原本被纜索撞到的汽車又被鉤住,導致隨後的連環相撞,而後面行駛的其他五輛車也無法避免與該車相撞。高速公路警方表示,這起事故導致高速公路的交通堵塞了約2公里,但大約一小時後就恢復暢通了。 *crash:(v.)衝撞 ☆常用於表示「碰撞」的字有crash、crush和clash,其中crash運用最為廣泛,當作撞擊或衝撞的時候,通常指車子相撞或是交通工具彼此撞擊,比如,car crash 車禍、train crash 火車意外或plane crash 飛機失事,或者常造成巨大聲響或破壞的猛烈撞擊。crush跟crash一樣是受到外力衝擊,但crush屬於擠壓。clash常用來表示意見抵觸;是時間、顏色或者風格不協調、有衝突,或者是發出巨大聲響,常見的用法有:興趣不同a clash of interests;文化差異a clash of cultures、個性不合a clash of personalities以及意見分歧a clash of opinion。 *hook:(v.)勾住 *ensuing:(a.)接著發生的;接踵而至的 ☆ensuing這個單字只用在名詞前面 *collide:(v.)碰撞;相撞 *back up:(v.-phr.)擁堵;堵塞 *clear:(v.-phr.)清除 Those responsible for the accident would be subject to the full force of the law, saidthe Highway police.Taipower announced the project's suspension and had set up a task force to determine what had happened for reducing the risk of such an accident occurring again. 公路警方表示,事故責任人將受到法律的全面制裁。對此,台電宣布暫停該項目,並表示已成立專責小組,查明事故原因,以降低再次發生此類事故的風險。 *be subject to:(v.-phr.)受到 *suspension:(n.)暫停;中止 ☆happen及occur都有「發生」的意思,要特別注意主詞只能是「事情」而不能為人,常用句型為:事情happen to 人或者事情occur to 人。
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新聞英文解析 機場「自願篩檢」將持續至農曆年
The international airport quarantine stationsin Taiwan hasbeen notified by the CDC last week to increase alertness and encouraged travelers from China, Hong Kong and Macau with flu-like symptoms to undergo voluntary pathogen testing, as cases of respiratory illnesses, including pneumonia, mostly among children, surge in China. 隨著中國包括肺炎在內的呼吸道疾病激增,其中大部分是兒童,疾病管制署上週通知國際機場檢疫站提高警惕,並鼓勵來自中國大陸、香港和澳門的出現類流感症狀的旅客接受自願病原體檢測。 *the CDC:(n.)衛生福利部疾病管制署Centers for Disease Control 的頭字語縮寫。 *quarantine:(n.)隔離;檢疫 *alertness:(n.)警覺 *flu-like symptoms:(n.)類流感 ☆類流感flu-like symptoms即類似流感的意思,是指任何病毒若造成與流感一樣的嚴重症狀,如果不能證明是由流感病毒所引起的,則可稱為類流感。 *undergo:(v.)經歷 *pathogen:(n.)病原體 *respiratory:(n.)呼吸系統 *pneumonia:(n.)肺炎 *surge:(v.)急遽上升, 湧現 17 types of viruses and four types of bacteria in the respiratory tractcan be detected by taking the pathogen testing, including influenza viruses, COVID-19 strains, rhinoviruses, Mycoplasma pneumoniae bacteria, adenoviruses and human metapneumovirus. 進行病原檢測將可檢測出呼吸道內17種病毒及4種細菌,包括流感病毒、COVID-19株、鼻病毒、肺炎支原體細菌、腺病毒及人類偏肺病毒。 *influenza:(n.)流行性感冒,簡稱為流感。 *strain:(n.)病毒支系;毒株 *strain亦有一個常見的用法為:(肌肉等軟組織的)損傷,拉傷 *rhinovirus:(n.)鼻病毒 ☆rhinovirus鼻病毒是最常造成一般感冒的病毒,因為會感染鼻子並引起發炎而命名,由字根為rhino-,是希臘文「鼻」的意思,加上virus「病毒」構成。 *Mycoplasma pneumoniae bacteria:(n.)肺炎枝原體 ☆肺炎枝原體又稱肺炎黴漿菌,是一種可導致肺炎的枝原體細菌,也有機會導致冷凝集素症。由肺炎枝原體引起的肺炎,又稱作黴漿菌性肺炎,盛行於學齡兒童。大多數患者只有輕微上呼吸道感染,有咳嗽、發燒、喉嚨痛、頭痛及疲倦等症狀,有些患者有肺外症狀像是皮膚紅疹,嚴重者則可能患上肺炎,屬於非典型肺炎的一種。 *adenoviruses:(n.)腺病毒 ☆腺病毒是一種常見的病毒感染,有超過 50 種以上的血清型會感染人類,統稱為人類腺病毒。腺病毒一般潛伏期 57 天左右,容易侵犯 6 個月至 5 歲小孩,具有高度傳染力,容易高燒不退,症狀類似感冒。 *metapneumovirus:(n.)間質肺炎病毒 ☆humanmetapneumovirus人類間質肺炎病毒是間質肺炎病毒三種基因型當中的一種,是副黏液病毒科下的一種單鏈核糖核酸病毒,於2001年在荷蘭被首度發現。病毒主要令兒童受急性呼吸道感染,病徵包括發燒、咳嗽、氣促及呼吸困難等。抵抗力弱的成年人也有機會受感染。 Although the Chinese government claims that its surge of respiratory illnesses are caused by known pathogens, the CDC still has concerns and hopes to confirm the claim through testingand to detect if there are new variants or other novel pathogens. 儘管中國政府聲稱呼吸道疾病的激增是由已知病原體引起的,但疾管中心仍然對此表示擔憂,並希望通過測試來確認其真實性,並且檢測是否有有新變種或其他新病原體。 *claim:(n.)聲明;宣稱 *known:(a.)已知的 *concern:(v.)關切;擔憂 *variant:(n.)變體 *novel:(a.)新穎的 ☆novel也有小說的意思,通常指長篇小說,而fiction通常指虛構的作品,不限於文字的長短,story則是短篇故事。 Minister of Health and Welfare Hsueh Jui-yuan said that the voluntary testing program will be shortened or extended according to the outbreak situation in China, but the current plan would be going on until the Lunar New Year holidaydue tothe gradually increasing travelers form China during the period. 衛生福利部部長薛瑞源表示,自願檢測計劃將根據中國疫情爆發的情況縮短或延長,但期間因來自中國的旅客將逐漸增加,目前的計劃將持續到農曆新年假期。 *outbreak:(n.)爆發 *current:(a.)近期的
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新聞英文解析 拜習會後台海議題
Tensions in the Sino-U.S. relationship appear to have eased somewhat following a recent summit between U.S. President Joe Biden and Chinese leader Xi Jinping. The Taiwan Strait issue continues to be a sensitive topic in Sino-U.S. relations. It is becoming clearer that the U.S. would commit troops and forces to defend Taiwan in the event of a Chinese attack, so this is totallyon China. 拜習會日前結束,美中關係看似些許緩解。兩岸議題在美中關係中仍舊挑動敏感神經。若中國攻擊台灣,美國出兵協防的立場越來越明顯的,所以這完全取決於中國的態度。 tension:(n.)緊張 Sino-U.S. relationship:(n.)中美關係 Sino-U.S. relationship或China-U.S.都可以表示中美關係,但sino-是前綴,不能夠單獨使用。有很多中國的企業都用上sino-作為前綴,比如說「中國白酒」是Sinoliquor、「中國重汽」是Sinotruck、「中國石化」是Sinopec等。 appear to似乎:(adv.-phr.) seemto + 動詞或者是appear + to + 動詞,都有「似乎」的意思,通常用來表示已發生的狀態、行為。 summit:(n.)高峰會議;領袖會議;最高級別會議 The Taiwan Strait issue:兩岸議題 根據美方表示,拜習會中針對習近平停止武裝台灣的要求,拜登並未直接回應,至於習近平的統一宣言,拜登則重申反對任何一方單獨改變台海現狀。亦即目前對於台海問題,中美仍舊呈現各自表述的狀態。 commit :(v.)承諾;保證 troops:(n.)軍隊 force:(n.)武力 commit troops或commit forces都有「出兵」的意思 on:取決於,由depends on 或rely on省略而來 Taiwan enjoys a very important location. If Beijing can occupy Taiwan, it will become a so-called Chinese Hawaii. China can send the submarines from Eastern Taiwan, and such submarines can reach the west coast of the United States, to strike the United States.As Taiwan's next presidential election is getting closer, cross-strait tensions will continue to be a key topic in the development of relations between the United States, China, and Taiwan. 台灣地理位置相當重要,如果大陸佔領台灣,將形成所謂「中國的夏威夷」中國可以從台灣東部出動潛艦,這潛艦可以抵達美國西岸,藉此來打擊美國。隨著明年台灣總統大選腳步愈來愈近,兩岸緊張的程度也將持續成為美中台三方發展的風向球。 occupy:(v.)佔領; occupy有佔用的意思,比如說「這個位置有人(坐)了」就是The seat is occupied. 如果上洗手間的時候有人敲門,也可以說It is occupied. Chinese Hawaii:馬特斯稱台灣為中國的夏威夷 submarine:(n.)潛水艇 strike:(v.)打擊 Attacking Taiwan would not be in China's interest at this time since Xi has various problems on his hands. President Xi has many problems other than Taiwan. He's got a real-estate problem,population problem and other issues to work with, not just Taiwan. The U.S. won't overreact to this. attack:(v.)攻擊 since(adv.)既然 various:(a.)許多 various用於表示種類繁多,強調多樣化,因為這個字強調不同種類,所以後面只能接複數名詞,此外,這個字還有用於表示一些、幾個或很多(很多方面),強調的是「幾個種類」,這類用法,沒有比較級和最高級形式。 other than:(adv.-phr.)除了 other than可以跟besides的意思相同,用來表示「除了……之外,還有……」的意思,表示包括在內,也可以與except通用,表示「除外」,所以在上下文上的斟酌要特別注意 real-estate:(n.)房地產 overreact:(v.)過度反應
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新聞英文解析 台灣徵收碳稅以降低歐盟對本土企業的關稅
The carbon fee rate is slated to be announced by the end of this year.Carbon feesin Taiwan would reduce the tariff that domestic exporters would be subject to under the CBAM when exporting to the EU, but the exact amount would depend on many other factors, Climate Change Administration Director-General Tsai Ling-yispoke to reporters at the Ministry of Environment in Taipei on Nov. 8. 台灣的碳費率將於今年底公布。氣候變遷管理局局長蔡玲儀於本月八日表示,台灣的碳稅將降低國內出口商在碳邊境調整機制(CBAM)之下向歐盟出口貨物時所需繳納的關稅,但具體金額將取決於其他因素。 *tariff:(n.)關稅 *besubject to:受…控制;有…傾向 *CBAM:Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism碳邊境調整機制 ☆Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism碳邊境調整機制,簡稱CBAM,主要是藉由明訂出口國產品的碳含量,來有效降低全球碳排。若超過進口國規範,進口商除須購買「碳權」外,也將會面臨產品被課徵碳關稅,亦即進口到歐盟的碳密集型產品進口商需依據碳排放量完成採購相對應的CBAM憑證(CBAM Certificate),產品才能進入歐盟。如果是非歐盟的生產商,只要提供產品在非歐盟國家已依據碳價格支付費用的相關證明,進口商則可以抵消歐盟CBAM憑證的採購費用。 *the EU:(n.)歐盟,the European Union的縮寫 *be slated to:預計 The transitional phase of the CBAMstarted on Oct. 1 andit runs to the end of 2025. No fees would have to be paid nor certificates purchased during the period; rather, it is a "monitoring, reporting and learning" period for the EU and those exporting into the EUto ensure a smooth rollout of the mechanism from 2026 onward, the EETO trade section head Aleksandra Kozlowskasaid. 歐洲經濟貿易辦公室(EETO)貿易部門負責人Aleksandra Kozlowska表示,碳邊境調整機制的過渡期從十月一號開始截至2025年底,在過渡期內,無需支付任何費用,也無需購買證書;更確切來說,對於歐盟和向歐盟出口的企業來說,這是一個「監測、報告和學習」的時期,以確保該機制從2026年起順利推出。 *transitional:(a.)過渡性的 *phase:(n.)階段 *certificate:(n.)證書 *rollout:(n.)首次發佈;首次推出 *mechanism:(n.)機制 *onward:(prep.)向前 *the EETO:The European Economic and Trade Office歐洲經濟貿易辦公室 The CBAMis a carbon tariff on carbon-intensive products imported by the EU.Sincethe EU Emissions Trading System's (ETS)free carbon emissions allowance allocation is gradually phased out in the EU, European producers might move their production sites to countries with no carbon emission restrictions.The CBAMwould be a measure to address the risk of carbon leakage. CBAM是針對歐盟進口的碳密集型產品徵收的碳關稅,因為當歐盟排放交易體系(ETS)免費碳排放配額分配時隨著歐盟逐步淘汰,歐洲生產商可能會將生產基地轉移到沒有碳排放限制的國家。CBAM將成為解決碳洩漏風險的措施。 *address:(v.)應付;處理 *leakage:(n.)缺漏 ☆carbon leakage:碳洩漏。高碳排產業為了躲避嚴格的碳排放規範,會選擇外移到碳排放規範較為寬鬆的國家,這種現象就稱為碳洩漏。 *allowance:(n.)限額 *allocation:(n.)分配 *emission:(n.)氣體、熱量、光線等的排放或發散 *restriction:(n.)限制 Sectors including cement, steel, aluminum, fertilizer, hydrogen and electricity would be the first ones covered by CBAM, because there is a high risk of carbon leakage in these six energy-intensive industriesand they account for a high proportion of greenhouse gas emissions in the EU. 水泥、鋼鐵、鋁、化肥、氫能和電力業將首先被CBAM覆蓋,因為這六個能源密集型產業碳洩漏風險較高,且在歐洲溫室氣體排放中所佔比例較高。 *sector:(n.)行業 *intensive:(a.)密集的 *account for:(v.)在數量上佔… *proportion:(n.)比例