輕鬆學英語
-
英文原來這樣說(English is A Piece of Cake)
你認為的國際化是什麼?能夠把精品店的品牌如數家珍?戴起一只價值連城的鑽石?還是優閒地走在路上,手中拿著連鎖咖啡廳的飲品?如果是如此,可能就只是盲目流行罷了!所謂的國際化,也要多注意全球化帶來的商業商品流通和本國自身人口遷徙現象變動,這可不是穿上來自各國品牌服飾或拿起價值數千萬的珠寶可以扛起的概念,是多了『異文化的同理心和尊重』。大家口說常說族群融合和尊重多元發展和價值,但很明顯地,在各地的大眾運輸上(Public Transportation),每每聽到操著不同口音(accent)的英文或華語,多半都是竊竊私語(whisper),不然就是小聲地批評(criticize +N/Np./V-ing+ in small volume)。印象最深地,有回從台北車站下課,剛好遇到多年前班上的學生,於是我們用英文分享最近的生活小確幸;此時,對面座位的高中生們,使著疑惑又不是很友善(unfriendly)的眼神,用中文說著:「會英文了不起喔!?」但自己手中卻拿著英文單字書,這不是很諷刺(ironic)嗎?語言是打開彼此文化大門,足以一窺不同風情的生活內涵與不同生活圈的精神,並沒有驕傲或自滿的概念!反倒是,學了一種外語後,我們要利用這樣的能力去獲取新知,增進自己的能力和拓展世界;最最重要,就是幫助我們台灣朋友、亞洲朋友,甚至不熟稔英語的朋友,來解決生活大小事情。因為這也是老師到世界各地都奉行的簡單想法。語言沒有高低,只有用心觀察和找對方法,存有太多成見,是很難接受其他新的概念和知識的!所以,想把語言真正融入自己的生活、深入體驗,需要更謙卑的心態和開闊的胸襟,讓自己不只是在背誦一個接著一個生硬的字眼,而是想著在怎樣特定的情況,可以表達出自己的想法和需求,最後順利完成溝通這件美妙又快樂的事情。即是老師常提醒各位同學:立足台灣,放眼國際。 你有想過有多少華僑在國外奮鬥嗎?客家電視台的<作客他鄉>節目,不管是在法國南部小鎮生活的台灣媳婦,或是在寮國開拓個人事業的夫妻檔,這些台灣的鄉親都非常努力地在自己的生活上耕耘努力,辛苦的汗水、淚水,也在認識新文化中慢慢地落地生根,近而愛上這塊異國的土地。不僅入境隨俗地(When in Rome, do as Romans do)凌晨五點鐘起來準備零食及米飯給僧侶,也努力學習當地語言,活絡彼此的想法和溝通生活上的大小事情;更甚者,有許多新移民會主動去改善當地教育水準,興建起學堂和定期與跨國際醫療團為當地的孩子就診。每每看到這一幕就會讓我相當的感佩,也會想起在遠渡重洋來到台灣的外籍朋友們,在台灣的新生活用心地在這塊土地貢獻,進而成為我們社會富強的基礎和希望。更重要地,當深入異國文化時,會以更謙卑又寬容的心態去欣賞許多新環境的美好和驚喜。 許多電視節目上都紛紛介紹台灣新移民的生活分享,非常興奮地介紹家鄉的拿手菜,不管是顏色鮮豔可口,抑或是口感酸甜苦辣,彷彿都是這些辛苦又努力融入台灣新生活的寫照。從以前就注意到台灣許多節目紛紛邀請從歐洲、東南亞、大陸地區、香港及澳門地區,以及遠從非洲來到台灣依親,或從工作、相戀,最後以台灣配偶身分成為我們台灣社會的一分子。我國國人跨國(境) 不但與國人共同生活,並兼負家庭照顧及社會服務等重要角色,但由於語言、文化之差異,仍有生活適應等問題,政府必須負起照顧輔導之責任。 很多文化衝擊(Cultural Shock)早在申請移民時就開始了,許多的書面資料審核、曠日廢時的書件往返和面談機制、語言能力標準審核、財力證明與身體健康檢查,甚至還有規定在原國內無犯罪紀錄,到了移入國還會遭遇許多語言上或是社會中的歧見對待。有時不禁讓我們思考:所謂的國際化只是所謂迎合『主流文化』?還是鼓勵歧視(discriminate)與自身不同的人事物呢?這一刻就會了解法國人為什麼捍衛母語和其彌足珍貴的文化內涵,那並不單純是一種自傲神態,更是世代所肩負的使命和責任感。珍惜每個交流的機會和分享彼此價值觀的初衷,會學到很有趣的故事呢!在國外總會被問起:『去台灣可以從事哪些有趣的活動呢?哪裡一定要好好瞧瞧?哪些食物要好好品嘗呢?如果我只有五天可以逛逛這個寶島,搭火車是最好的嗎?』當不認識自己文化時,是最可惜的!要把台灣介紹到世界的舞台,就要從認識台灣開始,不是嗎?希望大家可以讚嘆更多美好的古蹟、歌頌歷久彌堅的傳統、聆聽長輩細數的歷史過往,共享這份洗淨鉛華又刻劃你我生命源頭的回憶,那是心靈歸屬最踏實的部分,就在人們交會中傳遞著、流動著,無形地撐起我們的天地和從未遠離的深深情懷。 由內政部移民署主辦與教育部從101年3月打造『新住民火炬計畫』,主旨:提供全國新住民及其子女完整之文教生活輔導機制與單一窗口的全方位服務,使其能於臺灣穩定生活與長期發展,更希望培養民眾對國際多元文化之了解、尊重與國際文教交流之參與推動,同時,也為建立社會和諧共榮、追求社會公平正義、增進多元文化理解並促進健康幸福家庭的目標而努力,以營造繁榮公義的社會、建立永續幸福的家園,並與全球國際接軌發展。 其實有印象同學除了很愛誤用save money(節省或財務規劃)當做make deposits存款外,老師也很常聽到學生說:『這個遊戲好fashion喔!!』那麼這就是說明在【詞性錯置】和平時口說表達的結構過於鬆散,腦中翻譯句子也忽略了最基本的細節概念。 在餐廳用餐的時候,每每看到菜單的天秤座朋友們,大概也會非常困擾,樣樣都想嚐嚐卻深怕又踩到地雷,讓用餐興致大減。感覺白醬義大利麵很濃郁可口;青醬路線也是風味十足、吮指回味;焗烤千層麵讓你牽絲到天邊,這種天人交戰肯定都不陌生吧!這時,如果同儕中有人先發難,下定決心點個風馬牛不相及的藍黴起司(既害怕又怕受傷害的口味)美國大漢堡,身為『搖動派』的老師,就會立刻說:「好吧!我也來一份好了!」誰教老師總有百點百失敗的經驗。 在國外每次只要看到APPETIZER(開胃菜),價錢也不輸主菜,但總怕點到地雷,偏偏一樣的價位,同學拿到大如碗公的沙拉雞絲總匯,送上我桌前的只有很像菜鳥廚師做壞的菜(rookie是來自於球隊稱呼對方「菜鳥」!另外,也可以用apprentice描述剛開始學習技巧或進入新團隊的成員,「學徒」的意思;同時也是美國當紅電視實境秀商業大亨川普先生(Mr. Trump)選接班人的挑戰賽The Apprentice「誰是接班人」)。遇到朋友要準備出門用餐或是有機會服務客人,就可以親切地用法文" Bon Appetit"(這是有連音的喔!發音近似Bo-Na-Pe-Ti,碰那朋踢),稍微輕柔地念出,下次在餐桌上令人刮目相看(偷偷告訴同學:其實往往選訂餐廳後,老師都會先乖乖在家裡做功課爬討論區,確認自己要點的菜是人人按讚而且也有其他隱藏菜單,只有行家才會知道的,都會讓這場聚會有不同的驚喜和值回票價,也別忘了給優秀的店家一個肯定的微笑喔!) &雞柳條(chicken fingers)小故事: →社交名媛場所,都會提供一口一個的精緻食品,比如迷你馬卡龍(Macaron)之類的小點心,在英文裡就是(Finger Food) 許多英語學習者都有機會接觸的美國詩人羅伯佛斯特(Robert Frost)所寫的The Road Not Taken ,其中分享老師很愛的片段。人生需要做出抉擇的場合多如牛毛,從衣著配件、就讀學校科系、工作選擇、未來資產分配、生老病死,各種蒜皮小事到人際關係一點小小的衝突,都可以讓我們的生活上起了波瀾。或許我們不一定會做出最正確的決定,但至少不要後悔。如果有一天,你也步入森林裡,你會選擇鮮少人煙的神秘道路,還是循著被人們踩踏過的老路徑?生活的驚喜並不是在走過別人的路而到目的地,而是需要冒險犯難的心情去打造自己的新體驗,不是嗎?Anyone who never made a mistake never tried new things.愛因斯坦都這樣說了,你還想整天待在舒適圈又惶惶不安嗎?每天都有進步,每天都有新的發現,每天都讓自己充滿新知和感動。我想,你會不枉此生的! Two roads diverged in a yellow wood, And sorry I could not travel both And be one traveler, long I stood ……… Two roads diverged in a wood, and I- I took the one less traveled by, And that has made all the difference.
-
Englishadventures英文冒險趣 On April 12th ,People Watch People 四月十二﹐人看人
If you have chance to talk to foreigners , you surely have to introduce the most important celebration in Kinmen ,the City God Reception Parade. 如果您有機會和阿豆啊接觸,當然要跟他介紹最夯的熱鬧大事啦!那就是迎城隍! Do you know how to say something about the City God Reception Parade in English since it's the most popular activity that everyone loves? Come on. Follow me. Let's learn together. 嘿嘿提到大家都歡喜的鬧熱(台語),您知道要怎麼說有關迎城隍活動的英語嗎?你來,來,來!阿婆甲阿公,樓下招樓頂,大家作夥來尬陰溝裡去,英語啦! 那迎城隍要怎麼說呢? The City God Reception Parade 農曆4月12日 April 12th of the lunar calendar 民俗活動 folk activity 宗教 religion 儀式 ritual 蜈蚣陣 centipede seats 藝閣 festival car 妝人Zenglan( in local language) 遊行 parade 乩童 psychic 七爺八爺 the Seventh Lord and the Eighth Lord 電音三太子 Techno Prince Nezha 打花草 Seven ring or chest slapping dance 陣頭 Parade Formation 廟宇 temple 旗 flag 鼓 drum 鈸 cymbal 鑼gong 神輦 God's palanquin 民俗技藝 folk art 公揹婆 husband carrying wife dance 十二婆姐藝陣 twelve pochie folk art performance 鑼鼓陣 cymbal and drum parade 跳鼓陣Tiaokuchen 跑旱船land boat dance 舞蛤精clam water sprite dance 神將 a holy general (or leader), the immortal or the big body 布馬陣 Buh-maajenn Do you know how to introduce the most attractive folk activity to the foreign friends? Maybe telling stories is an amazing way to start. 這個迎城隍鬧熱活動要怎麼跟阿豆啊來介紹呢?也許說故事是個粉棒的開場喔。 The most important part I assume is the role of the City God or Chenghuang Ye (城隍爺) . In ancient China , the Chinese character 城 Cheng means city walls and the Chinese character 隍huang , means moats. 最重要的部份我想應是主角-那就是城隍爺囉。城隍爺用英文說一種是國語的音直接翻過去Chenghuang Ye 直接唸城隍爺,另一個也很簡單啦,就是City God 城市的神。話說在遠古時候中國字 (城 )意思是城市的高牆。而 (隍 )這個字是護城河。 High walls and moats surroundeda city , so they could protect one under attack . Emperors worshipped them as nature gods. Later nature gods gradually became anthropomorphic gods. 高高的城牆加上護城河圍繞著城市,這樣就可保護裡頭的老百姓不受城外敵人的攻擊囉!所以古代的天子把城和隍當作神來祭拜,而慢慢的隨著時間的腳步,這個自然的神變成人格神,那就是城隍爺。 There are five levels of City gods ,according to their districts. The deities own their authority ,just like government officers. And the City God has the highest authority. 城隍爺依據祂們的區域,分為五種。祂們掌管陰間的政府,和人間的政府機構的架構一樣。以城隍爺為首,帶領底下的神將。 The city god in Kinmen is like the magistrate of Kinmen county. The city god in every city is the deity of justice in the underworld. They can guard the peace and safety of people. So city god is a traditional belief for locals.? 我們金門的城隍爺就像是縣長的地位。每個地方的城隍爺是陰間的正義守護者,保衛世間的和平和安全。所以對地方百姓來說呢,城隍爺是傳統的民間信仰。 The city god in Jincheng was from the City God temple of Jinmencheng in 1682 .Chenglon , the commander of Kinmen at that time ,moved from Jinmencheng to Houpu (Jincheng township )on April 12th of the lunar calendar. 金城鎮的城隍爺是在1682年,來自金門城(現在舊金城)的城隍廟。當時的行政長官陳龍在農曆四月十二日,把辦公室從金門城搬家,搬到了後浦(現在的金城鎮)。 Jincheng has become the center of military and politics . People in Jincheng celebrate on April 12th every year . 金城從此就成為了軍事和政治中心。後浦人每年在四月十二日這天辦慶祝活動。 This year is 335 times. The city god parade is the biggest temple fair and a hustle and bustle in Kinmen. The City God and his gods inspect and bless the town and villages when they pass through. 今年是第335年。後浦迎城隍活動是金門最盛大,最鬧熱的廟會呦。熱鬧滾滾,充滿民間活潑力量的慶典。城隍爺和祂的鬼神兵將當天出巡,四處差看追捕邪魔。在巡視路上保佑地方的平安。有保佑大家喔。 On April 12th of the lunar calendar , people in Kinmen especially in Jincheng will start a busy and exciting day. 在農曆的四月十二日,金門人特別是金城鎮的人開始了充滿興奮又忙碌的一天。 The market is full of people who are busy shopping for the feast in the evening . People in Jincheng always invite their friends and relatives for a big dinner by asking the home delivery of the restaurants or caterings. 菜市場到處都是熱鬧紛紛的買賣,為的是晚上的豐盛好料大餐。金城鎮的人會請親朋好友晚上到家辦桌請客,叫餐廳或流水席業者把菜餚送到家。
-
英文原來這樣說(English is A Piece of Cake)
夏日炎炎也是旅遊旺季(Peak Season for Tourism Industry),嚮往飄著海風和椰子樹搖曳的南島風情,草裙舞與傳統敲擊樂(Percussion Music)應和翩然起舞,望著天海一線的藍天白雲,腳下有調皮的(Mischievous)海浪搔弄著(tickle)、嬉戲地告訴你:快投入大海的懷抱吧!那種清涼瞬間消暑不說還讓遊客擔心起無法在看到這種美好該怎辦呢?老師的小小抒情(melodramatic)幻想詩篇就先打住為主!其實大家往往提著行囊(luggage)、握著護照(passport)登記證(boarding pass)時,內心其實心裡內心非常激動,既期待又怕受傷害,但往往同學最擔心就是要「護照查驗Passport Check」的時候,不知道機場的官員會問什麼呢?大家常跟我說:「台灣的海關都很NICE,可是遇到歐美國家人員就會緊張到說不出話!」其實同學剛剛的談話犯了一個錯誤。其實我們走進出境大廳(Departure Lobby)後,看到的是海關(Customs)人員,因為他們最常辦理的業務內容是:Declaration(申報貨物)、課以關稅(Tariff)、退稅(Tax-Refund/Tax-Back),內容可真是包羅萬象,甚至還要去檢查商港和各大船舶裝卸貨的港口,真是太厲害了(ADMIRABLE)!所以同學常看到的是『入出國及移民署官員』(簡稱移民官Immigration Officer),而他們的重要職責就是查驗護照和出入國(境)旅客的身分和是否有違法情節,可以和司法警察單位可以有效率地防堵有心人士,進行假證件入台、從事與許可目的不符之活動或工作、虛偽而通謀之假結婚或是否有從事暴力或恐怖組織或其活動進行。雖然目前社會經濟一片繁榮、安和樂利,相關單位也不敢鬆懈為國門把關,足以讓國人豎起大拇指,給三千六百個讚(Likes)可能都不夠喔!另外老師也對不分晝夜都要維護海邊是否有偷渡人口或是從事不法人口販運、毒品走私相關情事的行政院海岸巡防署(Coast Guard Administration, Executive Yuan)除了需要相當好的觀察力與專業判斷能力,可以做出及時的登船偵查、追捕闖入法定海域的飛行器、船舶、或其他運輸工具和依法執行許多困難的任務(如:查驗非法船舶與相關人員,擁槍自重的犯罪集團),如果沒有好的體能應變、處理工作中的潛在衝突和掌握先機,是非常難以保護國家海域和人民安全的!不論是上述的海關、移民署官員,以及海巡署人員,讓你我可以入出國順利平安,不用擔心其他可能影響安全的因素,真的很感謝這些執法人員,下次看到他們,可要記得用力地幫他們打打氣甚至大家可以考慮加入國家保護的一員,如果能參與這些UNSOUND HEROES(無名英雄)大家庭,真的是很令人景仰喔! <國際話題學英文:美國最新國土安全檢討報告> 恐怖份子有特別的特徵嗎?一定是中東人士或電視上常看到的穆斯林信徒嗎?國家安全和國土安全是「沒有既定型態,但寧可錯看、不能漏看」,因為911恐怖攻擊事件衝擊全世界,包含台灣政府國安及相關高層,高度重視各種災害防救相關措施和應變組織運作,是否可以有效預防其發生可能。甚至和歐盟與西方社會建立跨國際聯繫和重要人員資料互享,可以採取先機,保護飛航船運或各項全球化下任何被滲透的犯罪行為。如果你專注宗教或種族的偏見來判斷現況,很有可能錯過許多能杜絕的危險和潛在的威脅!在國土安全歷年報告反映,在運送貨櫃中重達50噸的輪胎中,用利刃劃破後起出海洛因和各式毒品;發現身無分文的少女到了加拿大找工作;入境旅客走路很明顯不自然,竟然把大麻磚當鞋墊穿等等跡象都很需要專業和資深的調查人員去大膽假設、小心求證,防範於為然。幾年前撞死台灣孝子的英商林克穎事件,我想各位同學大概還很有印象。明明是印度籍深色皮膚的林克穎拿了白人朋友的證件,無論是年紀或是膚色完全與持照人大相逕庭,卻可以一路順利通關,從台灣出境警察、護照查驗台、機票收查地勤人員,甚至到了泰國轉機,英國入境等等,皆無人發現?想必中間的疏漏很值得相關單位的注意,並嚴令禁止這些不法之徒逍遙法外。接下來老師要介紹的就是美國國土安全部門所推出的2014國土安全檢討報告,內容由老師帶著大家看,並且用時事看國際發展的安全防衛趨勢! The 2014 Quadrennial Homeland Security Review In this report, we conclude that we will continue to adhere to(遵守)the five basic homeland security mission (內容請參照下方五點)set forth(提出) in the first Quadreenial Homeland Security Review report in 2010, but that these missions must be refined(重新定義) to reflect the evolving landscape不斷演變的新面象 of homeland security threats and hazards(危險). The Deepwater Horizon oil spill in 2010(2010年漏油事情), Hurricane Sandy in 2012(2012桑迪颶風), and the Boston Marathon bombing in 2013(2013年波士頓馬拉松炸彈案) illustrate these evolving threats and hazards. We must constantly learn from them and adapt. →從上方的訊息可以了解,美國今年開始的安全機制運作,不只是要加強軍事設備相關內容,也借鏡以往發生的重大歷史事件當做一個改革的基礎!以下是美國2010年國土安全部門檢討報告的核心五點內容: (A)Prevent Terrorism and Enhance Security預防恐怖主義(攻擊)及加強維安 (B)Secure and Manage Our Borders 保衛及管理國土邊境 (C)Enforce and Administer Our Immigration Laws加強執行和統籌指導移民法規 (D)Safeguard and Secure Cyberspace 鞏固和保全網絡系統 (E)Strengthen National Preparedness and Resilience增加國家防備機制和應變能力 其實非傳統國土威脅中:網路攻擊和資料竊取為大宗。大家不要認為跟妳們一點關係都沒有。曾經用網路買了LINE貼圖或是網路交易嗎?沒錯,這也是網路駭客和恐怖攻擊,竊取你我的資料,然後擾亂各界交易資料。如果各位同學看過「竊資達人」,不少有心人士利用電話或是網路偷到個人資料,進行信用卡的偽造,甚至讓對方信用破產。在法律中,遇到不正常的帳戶交易資料,通常應立刻和該金融機構(如銀行郵局)進行第一時間連絡,並且到警察局進行報案相關記錄,不然在法庭上有了糾紛,是非常難以保護自己的權力和立場;甚至,近幾年許多人的存簿或ATM被扒竊,卻沒有第一時間去報警,即使餘額不多或只是眾多帳戶中一個,都會變成洗錢集團一份子,最後可不是受害者,而是幫助犯或間接共犯,大概會比屈原還悽慘,跳到哪都洗不清了。 The terrorist threat is increasingly decentralized and may be harder to detect. Cyber threats are growing and pose ever-greater concern to our critical infrastructure systems as they become increasingly interdependent. Natural hazards are becoming more costly to address, with increasingly variable consequences due in part to drivers such as climate change and interdependent and aging infrastructure. 恐怖分子的威脅目前偏向分散型態、甚至很難去一一偵測到來源。網際網路威脅與日俱增,甚至對國家重要建設系統產生極大的威脅,因為彼此互相流通、合作互通,瞬間讓威脅擴大更嚴重了。自然災害更是無法計價的頭痛問題,這一切部分要歸因於充滿許多變數的天氣變化和年久失修的建設系統。 Safeguard and Secure Cyberspace鞏固和保全網絡系統 We must, over the next four years, continue efforts to address the growing cyber threat, illustrated by the real, pervasive, and ongoing series of attacks on our public and private infrastructure. This infrastructure provides essential services such as energy(能源), telecommunications(通訊系統), water(水源), transportation(交通運輸), and financial services(金融設施) and is increasingly subject to sophisticated cyber intrusions(精密網路攻擊滲入) which pose new risks. As the Federal Government's coordinator(互相協調聯繫) of efforts to counter cyber threats and other hazard to critical infrastructure. TRAVEL HAZARDS旅遊危機 However, the trade and travel system is also susceptible to(受到…影響) threats and hazards. When air and maritime travel (航空或海上旅遊)into and within the United States was halted(喊停) in the immediate aftermath of the attacks of Spetember11, 2001, the resulting disruptions (干擾)had tremendous(極大的) negative impacts on our economy. Short-term supply chain disruptions due to port strikes and natural disasters have also impacted flows of cargo(貨物流通). Cascading events, such as the 2011 earthquake and tsunami in Japan that led to the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster(福島核災事件)and the temporary idling of auto plants in the United States, demonstrate(指出) the potential for significant(巨大影響的) disruption to the lawful trade and travel system. The increased movement of people and goods across our borders provides many opportunities but also provides more places for illegal goods(違禁品), unauthorized migrants(非法移民), and threats to hide, illicit materials, threats, and hazards may cross or between our ports of entry deliberately (蓄意地)or inadvertently(不經意地). Transnational criminal organizations(跨國集團) reply on revenues(收入)generated through the sale of illegal drugs and counterfeit goods(偽造物品), human trafficking(人口販運), and smuggling(人蛇走私), and other criminal activities(犯罪活動). These organizations continue to expand in size, scope and influence and are capitalizing on(利用…來營利) technological innovation, including new plate-forms(平台) to sell illicit goods, innovative(創新的) ways of moving money, tools for coordinating operations(整合營運系統), and a variety of other criminal and cyber activities. Transnational criminal organizations are gaining strength(勢力增強) by taking advantage of the same innovations in management and supply chain(生產線) structures that are propelling(推進促進) multinational corporations.(多國企業化經營) Nationals shall be banned from exiting the ROC if they: 1. Have been sentenced to punishments of imprisonment or greater after exhaustion of their appellate rights and have not served or have not completed the term of the sentence; 2. Have been wanted or have been restricted from exiting the ROC by the civilian or military juridical authorities; 3. Have been strongly suspected, on the basis of sufficient factual evidence, of endangering national security or social stability; 4. Have been strongly suspected of being involved in rebellion or treason and have been restricted from exiting the ROC at the request of the authorities concerned; 5. Have been strongly suspected to be involved in major economic crimes or major criminal cases and have been banned from exiting the country at the request of the authorities concerned; 6. Have yet to perform military service except for having been permitted to exit the ROC in accordance with law; or
-
英文原來這樣說(English is A Piece of Cake)
最近要出國散散心,沒想到看到新聞卻讓大家更揪心!細數過去這段時間不管是核禍發展、天災變故、劫機危機、霧霾風波、伊斯蘭國崛起,以及令人聞之色變的中東冠狀病毒MERS-VoC,再再都讓世界各國草木皆兵。不僅整體經濟受到重創,也讓各國之間的外交動作顯得非常敏感又緊繃。今天老師要特別介紹各位同學經常聽到的「伊斯蘭國」與傳統恐怖蓋達組織的差異,不僅對中東國家的衝突可以有相當的認知,也可以關注到各國對於這個恐怖效應的國安機制轉變提升;更顯著地,影響國際社會間的互動和來往旅客的國境查驗差別。其實最近因應敘利亞古城被洗劫而且面對繼賓拉登後崛起的ISIS攻擊,讓人聞IS色變。新聞更指出敘利亞古城遭到攻佔,所有珍貴遺跡毀之一旦,令世界科文教組織強力譴責其殘酷又野蠻的行為,令世界文明各國撻伐與不齒。伊斯蘭國(Islamic State)指派軍隊及士兵,先行攻占古城巴邁拉(Palmyra)後,處決400多人後,並將其分屍。目前還無法立即驗證這個數字,但這符合維權人士的說法,在此數日前,伊斯蘭國也攻占鄰國伊拉克西部重鎮拉馬迪(Ramadi),不僅是因為該地有相當人口居住,造成大規模的恐慌和示威的效果,更有拓展宣教的理念,讓十字軍東征的榮耀再現。伊斯蘭國有別與傳統恐怖攻擊組織的概念,並不以改變政權為首要目標或是以金錢為手段,而是要壯大並且徹底實行「政教合一」以真主阿拉為唯一信仰的國家,並且吸引了非常多青年參加軍隊,形成一種另類的人口遷徙現象。 The Crusades were military campaigns(軍隊號召) sanctioned (准許)by the Latin Roman Catholic Church during the High Middle Ages and Late Middle Ages. In 1095, Pope Urban II proclaimed the First Crusade with the stated goal of restoring Christian access to holy places in and near Jerusalem. Following the First Crusade there was an intermittent (斷斷續續的)200-year struggle for control of the Holy Land, with seven more major crusades and numerous minor ones. In 1291, the conflict ended in failure with the fall(衰敗) of the last Christian stronghold in the Holy Land(聖地).The Byzantine Empire (拜占庭)was unable to recover territory (回復國土)lost during the initial Muslim conquests. The impact of the crusades was profound, and judgment of the conduct(行為舉止) of crusaders has varied widely from laudatory to highly critical. 其實對於傳統的恐怖主義來說,事實上古代荊軻刺秦王就是恐怖主義的其中表徵樣態,近而到了以回教號召的奧圖曼帝國(Ottoman Empire)引起許多軒然大波和衝突和古今中間之名的十字軍東征「The Crusader」,從捍衛宗教信仰轉移成政治訴求和鞏固權勢。從埃及征討回國的拿破崙的除異己行動,「合法」處決七萬多人民,甚至當時反對的貴族皇室、衛道人士,都被當作恐怖份子看待,差點被拿破崙當做宣示權力的手段。到了中階段的分離主義,也並不是以綁架或金錢為手段,而是以小規模的民族主義號召的反對團體,對抗起國家的龐大體制,宣揚獨立和文化自尊(長期分離運動之恐怖主義),如:北愛爾蘭共和軍,以統一北愛爾蘭地區為目的;斯里蘭卡東北部地區的泰米爾獨立猛虎解放組織(Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam, LTTE),其中一名女性自殺炸彈客刺殺印度總理拉吉夫.甘地,讓世界相當震驚。而後就有許多關於民族恐怖主義和地方恐怖主義紛紛發展出自己訴求的黨派系統和訴求目的,而不惜犧牲無辜人民和自身的性命來達到最終目標。 由於全球化的關係,讓許多原來從事於販毒團體或是非法結社的地下化組織,有了「異業結合」機會和進一步組織化、國際化、利益化不同階段的領域征服和互通有無。哥倫比亞的販毒集團就是以行徑囂張、殺人如麻著稱,甚至當地政府都不敢與之對抗,因為此組織就是以執法人員、法官、警察等人士做為狙擊目標,甚至讓國家秩序變成黑幫執政和默許下張牙舞爪,逕行更多不法的交易。 其實同學可以稍微注意到,伊斯蘭國有幾點特色: 1.成員年輕化:網羅世界各地極端分子,甚至提供軍隊火力讓其有歸屬感。 2.營運科技化:利用網路媒體體各種宣傳手法,號召各國反社會人士積極投入,甚至定期有處決戰俘影片和境內遊行動作,近期還有推出伊斯蘭國護照和五星級飯店相關建設。 3.指導意識化:洗腦和重視輿論宣傳,吸引更多資金(小額或大量投入)和新進成員,後者更不乏利用招募菁英部隊或婚姻媒介手段達成,對於國內現況不滿或被主流排擠者的天堂。 4.組織國際化:成員來自各國城市,甚至可以有利發展出恐怖攻擊的全球在地化,利用本國人的外觀、語言、文化、地域優勢,來裡應外合展開更猛烈和當局措手不及的破壞手段,這更是國際社會最防不勝防的地方。 雖然目前我國並沒有受到恐怖攻擊的經驗,但國家單位也在權限和資源範疇中進行各項演習防範於未然;相對來說也需要更謹慎的態度來面對和應變可能的局勢,千萬不能忽略任何的細節,積極與國際社會接軌和聯合國組織及歐盟組織,在國境上的互通資訊確認、可疑人物鎖定、預防性演練,都可以大幅降低危災發生的機率,大大提升國內外重要入出口,如:商業港口、漁港、船舶停留處,飛行器靠置處。有賴相關機關通力合作,保衛國土。 大家看到這些關連和時事的趨勢並沒有這麼難懂,而是去了解很多活動的背景和意涵,不僅把關注放在國內也要投射到國際環境,在思量未來充實自己的方向和辦法。 最近國際中的難民Rohingya民族(羅興雅或洛興雅)從孟加拉移到緬甸邊境後,不僅是因為是非法難民身分被排擠,更是因為穆斯林身分不見容於佛教徒為主要群眾的緬甸,不僅僅當時想從軍政府手中救回人民的翁山蘇姬對此話題絕口不提,甚至現今總理對此現象也是用非常嚴厲的口吻說:「這七千多個人口,我們國家沒有責任養活他們。」甚至在泰國邊境發現羅興雅人的十具屍體慘遭丟棄。而國際救援組織也只能以自身資源不定期供給難民,甚至有人直接跳船只是想拚拚機會逃入其他國家。國際人口走私或人口販運一直都是國際社會很頭痛的問題,不能隨意遣送回原國,因為怕該國會以政治或宗教手段進行殘酷處決,但國家內部卻又是抗議聲浪不斷,加重許多額外的開支和後續新移民帶來的壓力和相關措施配合。如果你是該國的主要決策人員或單位,你會有怎樣的裁決和措施來因應國際社會的期望和保全國內整體利益呢?不僅僅是表面的非法運輸行為,更可以對來源國進行了解和探究推拉理論的根本道理。接下來依照老師今天介紹的ISIS內容,那我們就來搭配國際新聞一起來複習今天同學們學習到的伊斯蘭國的背景和國際令人咋舌的作為,不要急著查單字,可以試著理解喔! The aim(目的) of ISIS is to create an Islamic state(伊斯蘭國), referred to as a caliphate(哈理發=先知代理人), across Sunni areas of Iraq and in Syria. ISIS is known for killing dozens of people at a time and carrying out public executions(公開處決), crucifixions(釘上十字架處死) and other acts. It has taken over large swaths of northern and western Iraq. The group currently controls hundreds of square miles. It ignores international borders(漠視國境邊界) and has a presence from Syria's Mediterranean coast to south of Baghdad. It rules by Sharia law. Dabiq, Syria "is where the Prophet Mohammed is supposed to have predicted that the armies of Islam and 'Rome' would meet for the final battle that will precede the end of time and the triumph of true Islam," according to CNN National Security Analyst Peter Bergen. ISIS's strategy for revenue includes oil production and smuggling, ransoms from kidnappings, selling stolen artifacts, extortion and controlling crops.(收入來源有包含:產油利潤、人蛇私運、綁架贖金、販賣竊取古物、勒索和控制作物產區。) ISIS has been known to destroy valuable antiquities.Unable to serve under the new Iraq government after Saddam Hussein's military was disbanded, former Iraqi soldiers became ISIS fighters, according to Middle East expert Fawaz Gerges. Leader: Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi: Very little is known about al-Baghdadi, but a biography posted on jihadist websites in 2013 said he earned a doctorate in Islamic studies (伊斯蘭學博士學位)from a university in Baghdad.(巴格達)He formed the militant group in Salaheddin and Diyala provinces north of the Iraqi capital before joining al Qaeda in Iraq.Al-Baghdadi was detained for four years in Camp Bucca, which was a U.S.-run prison in southern Iraq. He was released in 2009.After ISIS declared the creation of the so-called "Islamic State," he began using the name Al-Khalifah Ibrahim, and now goes by that name with his followers. 背景知識:ISIS由伊拉克聖戰主義者巴格達迪領導,在伊拉克擁有6,000名戰士,在敘利亞擁有3,000至5,000名戰士,其中可能包括3,000名外國人。2011年前,ISIS主要以基地組織分支的身分作戰,但現在其目標已變為掌控領土並實施其正義及道德規範,換言之,ISIS是在未受治理的領土上建立雛形國家。敘利亞的阿薩德政權和伊拉克的馬利基政權,皆激怒遜尼派阿拉伯人,讓形勢對ISIS更加有利。阿薩德刻意忽視ISIS,正確地推測ISIS會對抗更為主流的反抗軍;馬利基解散了對抗ISIS的遜尼派民兵、清算政府中的遜尼派,促使海珊派反美反抗軍、甚至是遜尼派民兵,在絕望之中加入ISIS。
-
英文原來這樣說(EnglishisAPieceofCake)
你曾經因為學習語言感到沮喪(defeated)?認為只有出國才是學好英文的捷徑(shortcut)?單字書片語書一本又一本的買,卻無法看到成效?你或許沒想過當自己被丟在完全不熟悉的語言環境,被同學奚落和惡意取笑(deride)自己『爛透了』,還能夠吞下淚水,在我們都傻呼呼天真的想討棒棒糖吃的年紀,她挑燈夜戰(stay up late)到破曉(the crack of dawn)不願意低頭屈服,只為了『證明自己可以』。學習的起步就遭逢滔天巨浪的衝擊,但卻沒因此而退卻(withdraw),人前擺出自信微笑,人後沒有一秒懈怠準備戰戰兢兢(walk on the eggshells)準備每個機會,她不是出身豪門(born with a silver spoon)或名流的子女,她是懂得把自己「歸零」的曲艾玲。有機會在簽書會中看著亮麗出場又自信萬分的艾琳,一上舞台就用相當流利的(articulate)口條和堅定的眼神娓娓道來自己對於生命中的驚喜和種種感動。從母親在韓國懷著她的時候,彷彿就開始了自己要周遊列國的命運。在台灣呱呱落地後,駐外編輯採訪記者(corresponding journalist)身分的父親便馬不停蹄地帶著家人到各國出差,三年一次的搬遷和適應新環境(adapt to the new environment),艾琳和哥哥很小就知道要靠自己的能力解決許許多多的事情。到了伊索比亞(Ethiopia)後,她便跟著非洲籍保母(babby-sitter)開始牙牙學語,也不知道自己當時含糊胡說(blabbering)些什麼話,據家人說當時自己在說伊索比亞的方言(dialect),其實這就是語言學習的第一個階段:模仿發音和學習語調。而後來到了日本的時候,她認為自己是日本人所以讀日語學校,而哥哥是中國人所以念華語小學,對於自己國籍(nationality)認定也很混亂,但她在新學期的時候,並沒有一如轉學生瑟縮在一旁,反而用著憋腳的日文說著:「喔嗨優,哇答系哇『艾琳』de su…」(大家早,我是艾琳)接著就開始用非洲語混著英文自由發揮了,日本小孩認為這個外國人好有趣,會用我們的語言但又說著『咕嚕咕嚕』的內容,讓同學都卸下心防還主動牽著她的手加入玩樂的行列,這是第二個階段:即使無法用完整句表達自己的想法,也可以用單詞分享心情,勇敢擁抱不同文化,調整心態來主動親近他人。後來中間輾轉有到美國就讀小學,在那裏享受自由的校園環境和許多課外活動的參與機會,一點課業壓力都沒有,這讓艾琳相當喜歡。但因為家中考量華語文化的重要,甚至硬性規定孩子一進門就只能說中文,就決定帶著艾琳回到台灣就讀當地小學三年級。但這是她這輩子最大的噩夢,跟美國天天沒有作業充滿讚美的歡樂天堂比起來,有著極大的落差,不知道更大的困挫正等著她。回到台灣的學習環境,艾琳發現完全跟不上進度,第一次國文測驗竟然拿了八分,還是因為有選擇題瞎矇的分數。數學裡充滿應用題和計算題目,跟以往的習慣完全不同,就讀私立小學的班級間分數比較相當激烈,甚至被老師和同學排擠,下課後還有人惡劣地賞她一巴掌,怒罵她是雜種,連中文都看不懂,那臉上火辣辣的震驚感,在艾琳的心裡瞬間轉變為沒有藉口偷懶的動力。回家後,縮著滿是藤條痕滿佈的小手,母親一問之下才知道自己原來因為考試成績太差被嚴重處罰,於是便下課後夜夜握著她的手,一筆一劃地寫著『我的爸爸愛看報紙』和其他單詞與課文內容,一遍不會,就寫一百遍,直到凌晨三點,母女兩人抱在一起痛哭。學習語言的過程本就充滿挑戰和瓶頸,這就是第三階段:持之以恆的練習(constant practice)和投入(commitment)是可以改變現況的。美國華裔的虎母(Tiger Mother)曾在西方社會造成相當大的衝擊,認為虎媽把自己孩子當作考試機器,還一味要重複練習操作各種樂器和演算題目,甚至不惜威脅孩子把玩具都燒掉來讓孩子甘願好好學習,也陪著自己的女兒練鋼琴練到早上,犧牲自己的一切一切提前拿出退休金聘請最好的大學教授,連家庭旅遊都要先預約當地的鋼琴練習間練習,有一次還把飯店大廳的鋼琴做為該日練習的進度,絲毫不給孩子和自己有一秒的鬆懈。「Our family came all the way to American, and only did we endeavor for goals and outstand others in the white society the respect will come naturally and significantly; therefore, we never cease to excel and raise our children in the same way.」(我們的家人遠渡重洋到美國來,只有當我們奮力往目標前進,才有可能在白人社會裡得到應得和富有重要意涵的尊重;因此,我們從不停止追求卓越,也用同樣的方式教育後代。)不管是從艾琳的生命經驗或是美國華人家庭中都不難見到,那份堅毅是在種種壓力下堅持和壯大的過程。而在分享會的重點中,不難發現有許多家長都很關心是否自己的孩子有機會像她可以到美國名校就讀,但她主動點醒家長:「你要讓孩子學習獨立和自我解決能力的問題,如果你在大學面試官前說要替孩子問問題,那這位考生肯定在教授心裡大大扣分,因為媽寶在任何優秀教育家眼裡都會是不及格的。」不管是英國劍橋或美國哈佛,或大家耳熟能詳的加拿大哥倫比亞大學,他們追求的並不是要會十八般武藝的學生,而是專精某個領域還能夠有Leadership, Creativity, Passion這三大元素。Leadership即是領袖特質,當初艾琳在美國林肯高中就讀時,就相當熱愛關於生物科學相關知識,後來對於孩子也相當的喜愛,結合之後竟有了想當小兒科醫師的念頭,但苦無機會參加類似的社團,猜猜看她做了怎樣的突破呢?沒錯,她自己創社了,而且還是科學博覽會呢!這讓林肯高中在舊金山更有競爭力而且也獲得很多跟其他學校合作的機會,從創社的過程她學到如何說服他人和清楚邏輯的鋪陳許多細節和勾勒出藍圖,讓不管受聘講師或是社員都能夠相當有信心一起經營這個剛萌芽的社團;而在募款活動中也展現相當的Creativity(創意力),當大家都像男女童軍們到各班去賣巧克力糖來籌募資金,艾琳想到可以多附一張小卡片,擔任大家的小小丘比特或是溫暖話語遞送員,短短幾周就募到了300美金。當然這也在申請各校當作成為一個非常重要的表現和校方重視的特質之一。其實,她是有機會去念當地的最棒的高中,但由於哥哥提醒她,如果在最棒的高中妳就很難拿到全A(Straight A)的成績,這樣是不是會讓妳將來申請之路變得更艱苦?在林肯高中好好表現,妳拿到的A跟最棒高中的第一名學生是一樣的(類似台灣繁星)。後來考慮到未來在柏克萊大學也能夠攻讀醫科相關的科目就主修財經,距離家裡也不遠,可以節省很多舟車勞頓的連帶問題。艾琳也提醒現場很多朋友,不管大學選修的科系不必和未來的職業和選擇劃上等號,讓自己的選擇變的很狹隘。因為學習許許多多的專業知識的同時,也在找尋自己的Passion(熱情)所在,這也就是為什麼外國母語人士常常把自己的職業叫成Passion而不是Job了!將來在工作上遇到挑戰和不如意,都還是能夠勇往直前和打破窠臼尋找新方向,這種續航力的展現就是Passion。即使主持過廿一年上千場的大中型表演和典禮,艾琳都保持著只要有機會出場就要以第一次上台的心情好好準備一切資料和用心投入。不管別人是否認出她是知名節目『繞著地球跑』的主持人,甚至是知名節目『康熙來了』的常客,一站在舞台上拿起麥克風,就要展現專業和自信態度處理廠商交任的內容和期望,要成為職場A咖不僅僅是口號,而是一種態度和堅持,她永遠都在追著這樣的目標前進著,不滿意現狀,永遠把自己歸零,用最謙虛的心情學習準備,沒有任何一場演出是僥倖是可以馬虎的,這就是A咖的處事態度和工作精神。不知道各位同學是不是也感受到老師在這場分享會中的感動和心情轉折呢?即使目前的你找不到努力的方向和動力,但不要忘記自己有無限的潛能等著開發,藉由改變學習方法和接觸許多的活動項目,可以幫助自己找到屬於未來耕耘的空間和喜悅。不少上班族蠢蠢欲動想要換工作。在22K仍是台灣不少人的緊箍咒之際。不知道大家有沒有注意到英國社會目前有個新現象?英國建築業卻因為面臨嚴重的技術工人短缺,只得祭出高薪策略,砌磚工人每周的薪水可能高達1000英鎊(4.9萬元台幣),這其實要回歸到底是對職業已有貴賤之分,還是專業能力不夠,源頭也是整個社會要檢討的價值觀。
-
英文原來這樣說(English is A Piece of Cake)
最近在社會中很流行的飛特族(FREETER),有別於全職人員,就是講述比較享受彈性空間,並喜歡自由選擇案子來工作的兼職人員,當然大家會針對所謂的"穩定性"或"前瞻性"來做深入考量,其中也有許多因素涉入,要是工作性質截然不同,一樣的工時不見得有一樣的酬勞。但長遠來看,大家都比較關注是否有陞遷和薪資調整的幅度前提下,來做出轉換跑道或自行創業等等的決定。當然就不可能不提到日本社會裡老年化而且還有不斷成長的"尼特族"(NEET),就是指"啃老族"、"所無事事的人們",而有了這樣的嚴肅的字眼,原文是No Education, Employment, and Training,沒有進一步接受體制教育、正式工作聘用身分、參與訓練課程的人們,都可以用NEET來做稱呼。這同時也反映政府教育體系是否真正讓學子在校園生活中培養出未來職場實力並且找到自己的NICHE(利基),將來學有所成、學以致用,最後能夠回饋社會、創造更多的就業機會給優秀的國內外應徵者!另外大家在職場(workplace)工作一陣子後就會想要調整薪資,於是就要能夠使用make a" request" for a raise來建議主管,這種表達可說是基本必備句;而有些同學會用錯動詞"ask" for a raise。這樣聽起來像是命令公司來加薪,說出口後導致誤解就糟糕了,所以同學應該以適當用法為主,而不是艱澀難懂的用語。 <多益混淆句解答續集TOEIC CONFUSING SENTENCES> 5. 這個工作內容有哪些?(A) 正確答案就是A.What does this job entail?這句可以說是職場英文經典名句喔!這可是在工作面談前,自己就要先做的功課!可別等主管面試當場confront(直接質詢)受試者,才在一問三不知就糗大了喔!另外,在多益聽力第二大題問答題型和第三大題對話也是出現的熱門考點,或許聰明的你已經發現本句中的TAIL有'尾巴'的意思,通常用來介紹工作職稱的延伸職責內容(比如:需要短期出差和不定期加班等要求)。另外,大家對於英文單字的字源常接觸後,也不難發現英文裡的動詞多有EN-作為字首或字綴---EN來做'加強'或'使變為', EX.: strengthEN(使增強"系統能力"), ENhance(讓提升"能力"), frightEN(使"誰"驚嚇), ENdorse(讓"名人"代言商品), eye-widENing(讓眼睛瞪大驚人事情), ENvision(能夠猜想預想)等等。而B.What does this work include?會讓雇主認為是偏向工作福利(benefit package: 員工旅遊incentive trip, 年終獎金annual bonus, 特休annual leave, 紅利分配dividend, a raise, 醫療保障medical coverage)部分去詢問。為了避免留下負面印象,可以利用正解的問法比較妥當而且適當表現出優秀英文水準,讓自己更有優勢出線。 6. 我從來沒有來過這裡。(B) 正確答案為B. I had been to this place before.意思為"我之前就來過這裡了",但老師要特別提醒學生在翻譯的時候有文法had been過去完成式的時候,必須要配合一個"簡單過去式"來表示過去發生的後續事情,不如就來帶大家看看例句: Fiona went to Macau after she had paid a visit to Denmark.(費歐娜參訪丹麥後,後來又去了澳門。)那解答句的部分可以參考來使用。如果選擇A. I have never been here before.的同學要注意了,因為當你沒有看過或踏進某個地區過,卻用了""(曾經去過)的句子,這樣就太扯了!就好像是法文中常想的(預視經驗),好像你曾經來過這個地方,啊!在夢裡!老師又不禁哼起經典名曲甜蜜蜜,不知道大家是否也跟著去大排長龍,買了珍貴的鄧麗君紀念郵票? 7. 恭喜您榮陞。(A) 正確答案為A. Congratulations on your promotion!其實在各項英檢選擇題都常會有"挑戰習慣用語"的題型,講到"要為一件事情負責任"的時候,考生都會直接反應出be responsible for +N/NP(多半為負責固定或某件事務),而碰到be responsible to work under sb(工作在誰的團隊裡)這類的表達,就會非常錯愕甚至感覺陌生。其實這都是來自於平時的閱讀量過小,面對介係詞的定義太過於模糊。老師再舉個例子給大家練習: The chandelier is ____ the ceiling.(水晶燈掛在天花板下方。)這時候同學都會被中文語意直接影響甚多,而忘了其實介係詞"ON"的定義是"在物體的表面之上",所以這題的答案還是ON而不是第一時間反應出來的UNDER。其實對於某件事情而有了動作的表達句並不少,比如:要恭賀某人某事:compliment sb on sth./V-ing;怪罪某人某事時 blame sb on sth. ;需要特別決定人選或確認事件decide on sth/N/NP,皆是很常見的表達句喔!這樣同學的觀念應該也清楚許多了。 8. 他的工作獲得全體長官的肯定。(B) 正確答案為B. His work has gained the recognition of all supervisors.說到被某人認同確實是件很辛苦的事情,因為起初只有自己努力不懈和堅持前進,結果也不見得如期發生,但就是要有信心去達成,而且也要從自己建立信心,進而說服身邊的人,才能嚐到甜美的果實呢! 各種『同意』表示,程度不同,時機也相當固定喔! (1). approval:(supervisor?subordinates)上司對下屬批准動作, approval of personal leaves。同學最近也很常提到,「我最近在放假(沒上班)」到底要怎麼表達呢?I am on vacation是正在度假中,時間上性質上都很廣泛,所以不適合。最正式的說法應該為I am taking leaves.可以完整的表達這句話! (2). admission: 獲得進入某場所的資格,比如admission ticket入場??be admitted to + school入學許可;be admitted to the hospital(by a doctor) 正式獲准入院 (3). permit: 官方許可證legal authorization? fishing/ work/study/hunting + permit(捕漁/工作/就學/打獵許可證) (4).permission:口頭上許可?Why did you fumble through my stuffs without my permission? (為什麼可以不經過我的允許,這樣亂翻我的東西?) That's so-called "theft", you know? (這是偷竊你不知道嗎?) (5).agreement: 兩方協議?(TOEIC Standardized Test) The Fox Engineering and Construction Corp. has some issues with the terms of the contract.(契約內容細目) (6). consensus: 經過磋商(negotiation)或妥協(reconciliation)後,兩造獲得共識reach a consensus 9. Don't get me involved in this case. (A) 正確答案為A.不要把我拖下水!其實生活中很經常需要用到個人履歷或是需要展現個人特質的自傳,都會提到自己以往的社團內容和榮譽表現,但要怎樣出類拔萃呢?就是用字上的雕琢和用心。如果要提到一個人的參與經驗,多半都會用到take part in某些難忘的經驗;同時,同學也不要忘記寫上自己的所學( individual expertise)和相當有收穫的經驗(rewarding experience)細節,但如果能寫上" Engagement in local charities, I've developed the ambition volunteering the impoverished in developing countries。不論國內外都會非常看重一個申請者的社會服務體驗,這樣讓主考官可以更了解你對人群社會相關付出和堅韌的態度。 10. She was really cross with me yesterday. (B) 正確答案為B.昨天她對我真的很火大。這是非常可愛的說法,而且是氣到把對方老放在心上,好像在折磨自己又一邊想著對方!情侶也很常這樣用來逗對方用的! 比起angry來說是比較輕微的,比如:You let the cream out all night long, I felt really cross now.而大家知道的"玩命關頭"片名用的是"Furious"可是盛怒喔,更代表每個車手的無窮熱血和飆速競技的能量全開狀態! 重點國際新聞回顧:德國之翼副機師隱瞞憂鬱症病史且造成多達一百五十多人死亡;同時,國際社會也在檢討是否應該要把飛航人員或是會影響大眾生命的人員的健康狀態做一個直接而清楚的管道,來確保不會有如此的憾事重演。當然,此時也有許多人權團體認為這樣太過於忽視個人隱私和可能造成當事者許多的壓力而直接影響職場表現,那麼妳們又是怎樣想的呢?一起來回顧這件國際大事,並且大聲朗讀出來喔! On the surface, Germanwings co-pilot Andreas Lubitz seemed, in the words of those who had known him, normal, capable, even fun. But, German prosecutors(檢察官) said Friday, he was clearly trying to hide something in the days before he sent Germanwings Flight 9525 plowing into a mountain, killing himself and 149 others aboard(機上人員). Investigators(調查人員) searching Lubitz's Dusseldorf apartment said they found documents(文件) revealing he'd been declared unfit for work. The letter, Dusseldorf prosecutor Christoph Kumpa, said, was found "slashed" in a dust bin. Police search apartment警方搜索公寓 That's the question police were hoping to answer as they searched Lubitz's apartment.Police spokesman Markus Niesczery said a team of five investigators went "through the apartment looking for clues(線索) as to what the co-pilot's motivation(動機) might have been, if he did indeed bring the plane down." They didn't find a goodbye note(遺書) or anything directly explaining the crash, the public prosecutor's office in Dusseldorf said in a statement. They say it will be a few more days before they can say anything more publicly about what they found. Outside the apartment, neighbors contacted Friday said they didn't know Lubitz and are simply flummoxed(十分困惑) by all the attention to the quiet suburban neighborhood (寧靜郊區)featuring a handful of businesses, restaurants, running rails and a lake. Meanwhile, about 85 miles (136 kilometers) away in the town of Montabaur, the house where Lubitz's parents live was shuttered and guarded by police.A group of men, perhaps investigators, were the only ones granted access(獲准進入) on Thursday. On Friday, there was no activity at all.
-
英文原來這樣說(EnglishisAPieceofCake)
有位老先生不辭千里扛著一堆補品到美國要給兒子補身體,便風塵僕僕地隻身從故鄉抵達大蘋果(NEW YORK),見識到五光十色的生活型態和都市人匆忙的步伐(rapid-paced),突然置身充滿英語的環境讓他充滿不安。懷抱著要見到親人的心情,便馬不停蹄地用肢體語言和兒子給的地址尋到住處,在一番盥洗(get fresh up)後,跑到了著名TIME SQUARE時代廣場晃晃,看到BUSKER(街頭藝人)表演差點忘了時間,想到天色不早要回去時,卻身體不適,就這樣暈倒在人行道上,後來有好心的路人聽到他念念有詞,幫他叫了救護車,後來醫院人員連繫上了兒子。他臉色驚恐地衝到醫院急診室裡,兒子看到父親便說:「好險你沒事,真讓我差點嚇破膽,但你怎麼知道『救護車』的英文呢?」「我?……喔!」好像領悟什麼,頑童般的笑容在父親臉上泛開「我只是跟那個路人講『俺不能死俺不能死』要死也要回家鄉死」。原來操著濃濃山東腔的父親竟巧合地說出Ambulance(救護車)的英文。Am(俺)-Bu(不)-Lan(能)-Ce(死)。同學看完這篇小故事,或許也能會心一笑,但學習英文不僅僅是為了考證或職場升遷,更重要的就是在外出遊可以自救救人,解決眼前很多棘手的問題,只要你願意學習,不是嗎? 當然學習英文的時機點也是相當重要,同學也不時提供自己學習英文上的困擾,認為寫作能力好像相當難以提升和進步。其實老師在之前有特別提醒各位同學可以利用「英文日記」、「電影台詞」、「閒聊必用句」、「廣播金句」這幾點超實用方法下手。首先「英文日記」Keeping a diary in English doesn't refer to squeezing one's brain to create a formal composition seriously formatted based on English grammar and wording. On the opposite, English learners are expected to pen down their feelings or any trivialities on a daily basis, randomly and habitually.沒錯,其實書寫日記只是要把每日的心情變化寫下或是閱讀中看到的好句都可以寫下來做紀錄,一方面可以慢慢學習用英文思考和寫作邏輯,可以當作一種心情的舒壓方式。Brian老師建議大家一天不用超過五句話 ,少量但是可以準確的寫出生活軼事或學習記錄的回顧,這樣才能持續而長期的變成生活中的好習慣。而「電影台詞」部分老師也有介紹過穿著PRADA的惡魔(Devil Wears Prada)和救救菜英文(Vinglish English)的感人台詞,這些同學不論在跟外國友人或有機會對相關話題發表感想,都是很好的基礎和想法;最重要的部分是學習看完電影或影集可以上網去查詢SUMMARY(劇情大意)和REVIEW(評論),可以得到更多資訊和如何在短時間內分享或推薦剛剛才看過的內容,是相當快速可以加深自己對題材印象和即刻將寫作用字相當道地化的方法。「閒聊必用句」不僅僅是每個學習英文的同學可以練習,更是許多國際同步或即席口譯專業人員固定的練習技巧,不管是跟著錄音帶朗讀進而調整自己的口音腔調,也可以加快自己的語速,對於聽力和口說都有相當明顯的進步效果;因此,把自己平常跟朋友、家人、同事、同學師長的對話在腦海中試著翻譯成英文,遇到有比較不熟悉的單詞可以寫在便條紙或隨身的筆記本上,有時間可以上網查詢,千萬不要用快速翻譯器,這樣反而會誤導自己,要以網路字典或簡單的上GOOGLD網頁,打入:「 新年團圓」「英文」,這兩組單詞進入系統就會開始搜尋類似的表達語,你就可以抓到最通用的說話:New Year's Reunion,而不用自己瞎猜半天或是積非成是了。學習任何事情都不能一蹴可幾,就像大家學習中文的過程也是非常紮實從發音、單詞、句子、文章,到深入的詞彙解釋和詩詞等等進階的內容,所以需要大家的Passion(熱情),Patience(耐心),and Ambition(野心)。「廣播金句」想必大家對「別走開,馬上回來」這句電視口號再熟悉不過,但其實這是引用廣播文化中的Stay in tune, we'll be right back的說法,而其實目前光是美澳英電台廣播就超過三千種選擇,大家可以利用網路隨時收聽,也可以下載相關新聞英文稿,可以不出門便知天下事;甚至大家可以下載YOUTUBE影音中的脫口秀或BBC Six-Minute English六分鐘英語,好好利用零碎的時間可是效果驚人。有位學生是國內的業務員,所以非常想外派到國外拓展見識,非常積極地準備國際多益測驗考試,但工作時間太長導致無法下班後在家有充分的體力和時間收聽。於是他利用了上下班通勤和午餐後的片段休息時間和晚上到公園慢跑的一小時中,專心地收聽廣播內容和多益相關的聽力內容,讓她從本身根本聽力300分根本難如登天的程度,到後來考到將近滿分的480(滿分495),語言確實是可以自己製造環境,而不是靠著上補習班或是買下昂貴的教材才行。但該名學生閱讀測驗的部分很明顯就是落差很大,因為還是需要相當的文法基礎和商用單詞運用,以及相當技巧性的閱讀速度應試法和勤快練習。所以英文中的聽說讀寫四個面向都是需要同學們兼顧和從以上提到的學習方法去加強和交換使用,這樣學習英文才能更有趣味更加有變化性。 大家或多或少都有在學校生活中,體驗到早起搭校車或要上學趕早自習的經驗,但偏偏前一天就是熬夜看書也沒睡幾小時,就立刻被鬧鐘叫醒,趕著去學校準備考試,這種文化在歐美人士的眼裡真的非常不可思議,甚至從國小就開始拖著行李箱裝著滿滿的教科書和學習教材到學校,甚至還有私立學校有特別設立電梯讓同學可以順利「拖行」書包到教室裡。近五年,許多國內外的教育學者都在檢討是否要廢除早自習而讓學子可以多睡幾小時,這樣不僅可以增加學習效益,在健康的部分也可以少了許多堪憂。每逢大學入學測驗,許多家長無不求神問卜,多捐點香油錢希望神明可以眷顧孩子考上理想的學校;更誇張地,怕孩子讀書太久腦袋暈眩,甚至跑到急診室要求純氧來讓孩子醒腦。其實中西醫師都相當認同:適當運動和飲食之外,充足的睡眠才能讓白天吸收的資訊存入記憶區內,讓學習和反應力增強,而長期缺乏睡眠會導致記憶力衰退,身體也會不堪負荷而出現免疫力下降的問題。是否高中應該要晚睡晚起呢?因為以過來人的經驗,光是從放學到補習班下課,其實真的很難辦到所謂的「早睡早起」,課業的壓力在台灣社會很明顯只是越來越重,而缺少對孩子的興趣科目和才能上的肯定和發展,這都是很值得我們一起來省思。閱讀文章的時候請大家要忍著不看中文翻譯和查字典的衝動,好好利用上下文猜猜看不熟悉的單詞意思,這樣才能夠慢慢習慣大量的閱讀和藉由推敲慢慢熟悉英文語言的思路方向。 Let The Teens Sleep In(讓青少年多睡點吧!)重點段落欣賞Reference: ALL+ Interactive English Is it painful to get out of bed every morning? If you feel like you can't catch up on your sleep, you aren't alone. One sleep-deprived (睡眠不足)high school student in Missouri named Jill dos Santos had this problem, and she took action. Armed with research supporting her online petition(請願書),Jill successfully pushed her school's start time to 9a.m. 每天早上起床是不是很痛苦呢?如果覺得無法多睡一會,你並不孤單。在密蘇里州,一為睡眠不足的高中生吉兒多斯桑多斯就有這樣的困擾,於是她採取了行動。有了研究資料來支持她的網路請願書,她成功讓學校開始上課的時間延到早上九點。 It turns out that teens aren't night owls by choice and may have a serious excuse for sleeping in. Around bedtime, the brain releases melatonin, a chemical which makes you sleepy. Before adolescence, children's internal clocks naturally direct them to fall asleep between 8 and 9 p.m. Puberty changes this internal clock and start delaying this release of melatonin. The result is that teenager usually don't wind down until 11p.m. or later 原來青少年並非出於選擇而成為夜貓族,他們是很有理由晚睡些。接近就寢時,大腦會釋放出褪黑激素,這是一種會讓你想睡的化學物質。在青少年時期以前,孩童的生理時鐘會自然而然地引導他們在晚上上八、九點間入睡。青春期會改變生理時鐘,並開始延緩退黑激素的釋放。結果就是青少年通常要到晚上十一點或更晚的時候才能放鬆下來。 After being unable to fall asleep until midnight and then getting up at 6a.m. for school, teens may find it hard not to want to sleep during class. Lack of sleep impairs memory, creativity and the ability to concentrate. Our brains store and organize new facts during deep sleep. Without enough sleep, teen lose the ability to take in new information, and stress, depression, bad eating habits, and mood swings become worse. 在午夜才能入睡,然後早上六點起床上學後,青少年可能會覺得要不在課堂上昏昏欲睡是很難的。睡眠不足會損害記憶力、創造力和專注力。我們的大腦在熟˙睡時會儲存和組織新資訊,沒有足夠的睡眠,青少年會喪失吸收新知的能力,而壓力、憂鬱、不良的飲食習慣和情緒波動也會更加惡化。
-
英文原來這樣說(English is A Piece of Cake)
今天你ENGLISH了嗎?走過街頭許多商店招牌(signage),通常都有小小的英文字標註,大家有仔細看過嗎?經過路上不難看到房地產公司的門口,都會有清楚字樣「REALTOR(=REAL ESTATE AGENT房仲業務員)」映入眼簾,這可是多益的熱門職業考點之一(另外許多銀行和法人企業也會聘用私人遞送員courier,說是任重而道遠也不誇張,不管颳風下雨都背負著巨額的匯票和支票呢!);充滿粉紅泡泡氛圍裏頭的甜蜜精緻法式甜點櫃,征服了許多人們寂寞的心,鏡面玻璃窗上就寫著"Patisserie"就曾出現在多益廣告信件中的商業合作建議書中(memorandum),提到調度原料和資源分配(resource allocation);交通部份,人來人往的車站月台上就清楚地貼著Please refrain from smoking,剛好這是最婉轉(sugarcoat)的勸告句,而在國際商用英文檢定長篇閱讀中也是重點詞語。 Question:Due to the students with nut allergies,when bringing shared food to school, please _______ from bringing food that contains nuts of any kind. (A)benefit (B)refrain (C) succeed (D) result (當帶食物到學校分享時,因為有些學生對堅果類過敏,要避免帶類似內容的食物。)(A) benefit from +N/V-ing=derive(get)...from..從......獲得(益). EX.:Most participants in the management crisis training session seemed to benefit significantly from this informative lecture. (B)refrain from +N/V-ing =keep from.....避免去做...... EX.:Most employees are advised to refrain from leaving this position without legal excuses. (C)succeed in +N/V-ing= accomplish +N desired and =attain certain goal成功於...... EX.:I anticipate that you will succeed in this new position and get the hang of it soon. (D)result from+N/V-ing= originate from...源起於......(恆主動) EX.:This car accident resulted from carelessness of the drunk driver. 通常碰到鎮日埋首於英文學習的同學,老師就會不免例行式問個幾句:從書局暢銷榜上買的英檢閱讀測驗本寫到第幾章了?文法假設句和各種時態表現的完成式都弄懂了嗎?怎樣抓到準確的時間詞,而"over the past few years"、" the other day"所使用的時間點也清楚了嗎?能夠區分affect與 effect在句中的意思嗎?下定決心買的哈利波特原文小說看得如何呢?有想過片語dream about 和dream of使用的時機差別在哪嗎?面對這些看似簡單,但其實觀念部分都沒有釐清,所以遇到類似的問題都會很糢糊。大家多半都是scratch heads or shrug shoulders(丈二金剛摸不著頭緒)的表現來回應老師的問題。要以「生活句」而不是「生活單字」來背誦,這樣才能完整地說出一句話,而不是片面陳述想法,以免造成誤會的尷尬情況喔! 另外Brian也很常聽到要準備英教所的同學反映:He sent me a letter. V.S. He sent a letter to me.這兩個句子看似是簡化語意,但其實是句意的重點不同;前者強調所寄送的是「信件」而不是其他內容物,而後者是強調送信要給的是「我」而不是別的對象。所以不能把以前學過的內容用一樣的準則去理解,有時候也要考慮到使用的時機點和語調的輕重,表現的意思也是天差地別喔! 其實「挑選適合自己的教材才能夠讓學習語言更事半功倍」,這句話肯定各位親愛的讀者都不陌生,可是往往都無法準確地找到適合自己程度的英文學習資料,反而過於好高騖遠(aim high without considering one' ability)往艱澀國際論壇。 (international forum)或社論(editorial)來下手,這樣對於<缺乏專業背景知識>、<進階單字量不足>、<鮮少閱讀英文題材>或<本身文法程度受限>困擾的學習者來說,這樣將會花費很多時間而無法徹底吸收。避免沒有效率的學習,或是才過一段時日,成就感不高,很快動力又減退,把好不容易查好的筆記本又束之高閣,請各位一定要從生活實用句和自己生活職場最常使用的表達為主,就算只是一天五句也是會有大效果的。而且熟悉各種場合和緊急情況的實用句,才是同學要擺對的努力方向和重點,也一直是Brian老師推出本專欄的重要使命。 與其一天背40個單字,倒不如精讀10句好用又朗朗上口的實用句。就好像妳愛的英文歌曲可以朗朗上口,甚至連還沒全盤了解,就可以把連音自然而然內化,不把學習當壓力而是興趣。畢竟能夠隨時從記憶庫提取出來的訊息才是快速增進口說完整度和閱讀寫作的不二法門喔!在旅館工作的同學就會詢問如何表達「房價因旺季調漲」,這時候就把以前學過的accommodation rate (房間費用)+peak season(旺季)關鍵字抓到後,就可以組成完成的說法" The accommodation rates has been raised in peak seasons .(=The room rates will go up during the time of high season.)"那到底要怎學習好英文呢?首先同學要把握住:聽力以生活化而且簡易的內容下手,像是STUDIO.CLASSROOM的大家說英語雜誌以多樣實用話題特色,讓英文學習者可以在一篇對話中了解「相關單字片語」和「應對特定狀況的正確表達,要記得,越簡單的英文才是越難說得好!」。 老師在開頭就提到所謂的聯想法和畫面學習法,那到底是什麼呢?讓老師在此替大家舉例,比如提到節慶festival擺在眼前,就會有相關的表達語浮在眼前和腦中展出一個樹狀圖:celebration(慶祝)、take places、every four months(每四個月舉辦)、 the crowd of tourists(觀光客人潮) 、swarm in(湧入....) ,cheers spread the people(眾人歡呼)這些相關表達語出現,跟同學是否用邏輯學習很有關係,而且還要溫故知新,把從前筆記本上或是課堂上學習的內容進行比較差異,可別通通弄在一起變大雜燴了!用對方法後,還需要有更深的文化認知,進而產生出靈活運用的成效。所以不要再盲目(sheepish)買許許多多的暢銷書(bestsellers)和囫圇吞棗(cram for something)到手的資料了,把過往學習的內容拿出來同學的口說運用和閱讀速度都有相當的助益,因為語言中的連結性是相當重要的。很多同學喜歡今天學了幾樣海鮮的說法,明天再去看幾樣衣服說法,這樣的學習效果很打折,更缺乏系統化和主題性的整理。 聯想法和場景相關用字是很重要的,就好像想到餐廳裡的環境,就會想到餐桌(dining table)上的餐具說法和菜單(menu)裡的各種菜色,這樣才能夠輸入長期記憶而且不會將來需要使用而陌生。A la carte是指單點,而就式套餐居多;而從法文借來的entree就是指主菜,appetizer就是開胃菜,有時候同學想大吃一頓卻點到sidedish(配菜),這可是要哭沒眼淚了。而當你很想吃某份主菜卻又怕份量太多時,就可以跟服務人員說:I would like to have a smaller portion of pork ribs.確實,學習沒有捷徑,真的很需要功夫來好好磨利自己的語言能力。It requires constant practice to prevent your English proficiency from getting rusty.(時常練習才不會對英文生疏了。)而且要常常問自己:A這種說法和B說法有何不同呢?使用的時機又為何呢?社群網絡(Social Network)無遠弗屆,題材也相當五花八門,但是你真的有看進心裡嗎?口說的時候都能流利地使用出來嗎?APP應用程式讓許多學習英文的同學都可以在手機上看到許多有趣的影音學習或是英檢(如TOEIC)學習複習單字和考題實戰練習。市面上有許多利用圖片或諧音聯想法來增加對學習的興趣,對於初學者或是想要學習較多生活單字的朋友不失為一個好方法,但也要記得利用手邊的紙本字典或官方認可線上字典來進行發音判讀,這樣在進行英語溝通會話才不至於產生誤會喔! 在老師的教學生涯中也有碰到很多不錯的方法可以幫助學生背誦單字,以下就幫同學舉上個有趣的例子: A Strange Encounter in America "Ambulance":救護車孩子在國外唸書的老王,打算到親自去美國見見孩子,順便希望自己可以開開眼界了解一下,這人人嚮往的世界大國到底是長什麼模樣! 好不容易遠渡重洋見到自己日夜牽掛的孩子,內心也是興奮無比。孩子就帶著他逛逛時代廣場(Time Square),到處都是拿著自拍神器(Selfie Stick)的觀光客(tourist)和奇裝異服的街頭藝人(busker)們,看著像雕像紋風不動的先生,老王暗自想著:「這樣也能賺錢喔?」後來搭著TOUR BUS看到了旅遊指南(Travel Guide)中必看的自由女神(Liberty Statue)矗立在眼前,好像能夠感受到當年法國大革命後所贈與美國的賀禮,那份肯定可貴民主的激情;帝國大廈(Empire State Building),象徵美東區相當繁榮的商業區活動和政治經濟永保繁榮的精神,這讓突然跑到水泥叢林(Concrete Jungle)的老王也放空(zone out)了好久,活像個小白兔誤闖了非洲大草原;在這些既震撼又充滿紀念性的觀光景點後,老王提議自己想逛逛這「六人行」(Friends)主角間打鬧約會和充滿理想基因的吉他手Phoebe高歌的地方,通通都在 Central Park(中央公園)裡留下難忘的回憶和足跡。突然不知道為啥老王感覺到一陣頭暈目眩(his head is spinning),後來就被路人緊急送到醫院(be rushed to the hospital)去,接到電話的兒子冷汗直流(break out in cold sweat)。到了醫院後,發現老爹只是逛得太盡興中暑(heat stroke)了,但當時只是脫口而自己的山東方言俺不能死,卻成了錯誤的美麗,讓路人剛好聽成"Ambulance",這樣救了自己一條老命!
-
英文原來這樣說(English is A Piece of Cake)
歐美大學的寫作課中經常提到:Be precise, correct, and concise,其實就是要達到「精確選字」、「正確語法」和「縝密組織」等重要的基本條件。其中最為困難的部分就是在精確的選字上,因為這包含了文化意義、場合禮儀,以及說話者所面對的群眾都要納入考量其中,才能有得體的表達。有時同學都會抱怨英文的文法太繁複,但在接觸日語或韓語的用法規則後,一山還有一山高,這兩種語系中很明顯的劃分出:長輩或職場長官要用敬語;平輩間也要注意基本禮貌謙詞;對於年幼或下屬傳達訊息,轉化成另一種語氣和字詞。比起前述狀況,英文的彈性和活潑性讓學習者可以在更多元的表達中,可以利用所學的單字片語,來表達自己的想法而不會輕易地踩到地雷。但因為受到華人文化教育影響,同學還是很常問:「這句話是否合乎語法和禮貌呢?怕沒符合social etiquette會留下壞印象。」連目前在亞利桑納州攻讀博士的學生都有這類問題,連寫信問教授OFFICE HOURS都要戰戰兢兢,卻忘了語言始終還是要貼近人性,以免落入了「掉書袋」窠臼。最後Brian老師告訴他,只要在信中寫"I'd like to meet you on April 4th at 4p.m.. Could you make it or let me know when you are available?"這樣就可以了,不用加上" Please inform me of your schedule at your earliest convenience."聽起來真的很像在寫給沙士比亞的公文呢! 加拿大的課堂上講師都會很注重同學的格式書寫(writing format)和邏輯思辨(logical and critical thinking),並且希望可以展現個人思維(individual perspectives)和呼應社會價值觀(Echo the sense of value within one community)。若只是單純的做轉譯(rephrase)的工作,那只是簡單的翻譯出來所看的文章段落和重述所看到的內容,雖沒有剽竊(plagiarism)之虞但仍舊是了無新意。講到Plagiarism這個單字,當時在校園裡這是相當大的禁忌,輕則論文已無效論,會強制退學處分;重則是要吃上官司,終身不得出刊論文。這樣嚴謹的學術圈生態,可的確是如履薄冰(walk on the eggshells)。 在台灣有一次擔任英語兒童演講比賽評審,開場是某分校主任打算用英文好好介紹這場賽事的重要性,才開場不到一分鐘,所有老師和評審臉綠成一片(appear astonished)。這位來自美國加州畢業的大學生,到底說了什麼讓大家錯愕連連(raise the eyebrows)?因為一開頭他就說"The speech contest is to help student speak English with confidence and learn English from plagiarism……."沒錯,這位天兵竟告訴全體師生家長,我們孩子來這場比賽是要「抄襲別人的想法來學英文」。當時我就眼光飄到旁邊(glimpse sideway)主辦單位,英國老師完全不敢置信自己聽到的句子,一個箭步地衝上台請那位主任結束發言,讓我著實冷汗直流(break out in cold sweats),不敢回憶那驚心動魄的發言。後來私底下問那位主任,究竟他想表達是什麼,結果竟然是IMITATE(模仿)母語人士的腔調,啼笑皆非。語言是小處細心,大處更要用心,才會有完滿的呈現和效果! 從歐美電視劇中時尚男女身上看到不僅是巴黎時尚伸展台上的新款配件和提包,更是手上那印有鮮明的帶有深綠飄逸長髮的美人魚商標:星巴克咖啡飲品。這樣的印象從好萊塢電影中放送全球,變成人類共通語言,甚至產生共鳴和走到異鄉有著歸屬感的品牌,至今全世界已有九千多家門市。或許您從未想過這波咖啡潮為何只有星巴克獨享市場大餅,難道是單純外國品牌催化下的虛榮心,還是咖啡豆的特殊風味呢?以下就有國外心理學家和行銷團隊為您揭密,這巨大商機背後的消費心理學和消費者為何會一而再地上門消費而不會動搖的品牌忠誠度表現。 Hint:it is probably not because of the quality of the coffee. 提示:並不是因為咖啡本身讓星巴克大行其道。星巴克咖啡是否優於他牌咖啡或是讓人們上癮的原因相當複雜但仍可一一解答。我發現這個問題有趣的地方是:咖啡本身的品質並不扮演關鍵的角色。這裡有提供給您分別為心理和情緒的理由讓星巴克可以在全世界能名利雙收。 Is Starbucks Coffee of Better Quality?星巴克咖啡較為優質? When Starbucks launched, there were not very many places in the US where you could get espresso-based coffee like Lattes or Cappuccinos. this was a big part of Starbucks' novelty.當星巴克咖啡推出時,在全美提供以濃縮咖啡基底的飲品(像是拿鐵或卡布奇諾)的商店其實並不多,這也是星巴克出奇制勝的一步。 Starbucks takes pride in their own roast, which is darker than most coffee shops - in between normal roast and French (espresso) roast which results of more of the oils coming out of the bean and caramelizing but also slightly more bitter taste. Just recently Starbucks started selling its blond roast, which offers a more traditional flavor. 星巴克以自身的烘焙風格為榮,比市面上販售的咖啡更濃郁,介於一般烘焙和法式烘焙(濃縮咖啡),可以逼出更多的油脂和呈現焦糖化狀態,帶有略微苦口感。就在近期販售了黃金烘焙,可以在飲用時享受純粹香氣。 BLONDE ROAST黃金烘焙系列咖啡豆!共有兩種新口味-星巴克閑庭綜合(Veranda)和輕柳綜合(Willow)咖啡豆。 Coffee Experience is more Important than Actual Coffee Quality. 購買咖啡的經驗比咖啡品質重要許多 1.Coffee Buying Experience. Howard Shultz (Starbucks Founder) spent a lot of effort not only in the beverage itself but in the entire coffee buying experience. This is why Starbucks locations around the world consistently have a good atmosphere, indirect lighting, relaxing music in the background, great aromas, and friendly 'baristas'. 1.購買咖啡的經驗:星巴克的創始人霍華‧蕭茲花了許多力氣在飲料部分外,也很注重購買咖啡的過程感受。這就是全世界的星巴克可以持續提供良好的環境,舒適的照明,和放鬆的背景音樂,美好的香氣,和友善的「咖啡師傅」。 This is also why their coffee has unique names. At Starbucks you don't order a simple black coffee, you order a Pike Place blend venti. Rites, names and processes are important part of customer experience.這也是他們提供的咖啡都有個特殊的名稱。在星巴克你不會用「黑咖啡」來點,而是用大杯派克調和。這樣儀式般的過程、點出咖啡名稱和整體過程都是消費經驗的重要環節。註明:星巴克位於西雅圖的創始店就在Pike Place Market ( 派克市場 ) 內,連圖騰商標都不同於目前所見的! 2. Personal Reward . Psychologists believe a big part of Starbucks' success comes from the desire to reward yourself. Before a long day of work, you deserve to treat yourself to a nice Grande Cappucino. It's a little daily splurge that most people can afford. 2.獎勵自我:心理學者相信星巴克的成功源自於獎勵自我的慾望。一天辛勞工作前,你是該好好招待自己一份大杯卡布奇諾。這點每日振奮劑算是普羅大眾還能買得起的。 Behavioral psychologist Dan Ariely has proven how our brain tricks us into enjoying things more if we believe they are better. This means that even if the coffee at Starbucks is not actually scientifically better than the average coffee, the combination of the brand, the experience and your belief that it is probably better makes your brain actually taste it as better coffee and enjoy it more than an average coffee. This is why blind tests are important, because your taste buds will go with your brain bias. In other words, perception is reality.行為心理學者丹已經證實我們的大腦會欺騙自己去更享受某些事物,只因為我們相信那是較好的抉擇。這也意味著即使從實質檢驗來看星巴克的咖啡並不超越其他品牌咖啡,但因為品牌、飲用感受,和你認為星巴克就是比較好喝的信念的種種原因結合後,你的大腦就會感受到嚐起來的味道就是比其他咖啡品牌更加美好。這也是盲飲很重要的原因,因為你的味蕾會跟著你的大腦偏見而有所改變。(此份報告指出在盲飲測試感受各牌咖啡飲品後,測試員表示麥當勞和多那滋的咖啡飲品部分評價高出他牌許多。) 3.Familiarity - When you are running to work, and you need your morning Joe, it is hard to think about multiple coffee shops, evaluate them and decide on one. The default answer to 'morning coffee' is 'Starbucks'. This is the power of branding and positioning. 3.熟悉度:當你匆忙趕去上班時,你早晨需要來一杯咖啡。這時候很難去回想好幾家咖啡商店,再一一評估比較選擇最後要去哪裡購買。通常說到「每日咖啡」就會立刻想到「星巴克」。這就是品牌和產品定位的魅力。 When you are in a different city, going to Starbucks is lower risk: you know the coffee is OK (at least, or at least you think that), you know what to expect, you know they probably also have pastries and other items you may be looking for. It is a decision with lower risk than going to an unknown place that may or may not have good coffee.當你在不同城市,走進星巴克可以承擔比較小的風險:因為你知道那裡提供的咖啡是有一定水準的(至少是,或至少你是這麼認為的),你也可以預料買到的產品狀況,也不難想像那邊有著哪些餐點或其他選擇項目你可以先行決定。這樣一來,這個低風險的決定就會比去不知名的地方點咖啡來得安全,也不會去輕易踩到地雷。 So no, Starbucks does not have better coffee, but it will taste better for you if you believe it. I drive an extra 5 minutes to get to the best coffee I can find, but I am as susceptible to my brain driving and my emotions driving my buying decisions as anyone else.所以,星巴克的咖啡並非優於其他品牌,這是不用懷疑的。但如果它喝起來比較美味也是因為你如此深信著!當然我也可以多花個五分鐘開去我所知道較好的地方買咖啡,但我的大腦驅使著我的心情,進而也影響了我的購買意願,最後就像其他人一樣又走進了星巴克。
-
英文原來這樣說 (English is A Piece of Cake)
「可以幫我去銀行跑跑腿嗎?」、「借錢?我都泥菩薩過江-自身難保了。」、「你拋棄式眼鏡不要戴太久!」、「老是熬夜,難怪妳老是眼睛紅通通喔!」、「這杯咖啡也太燙了,我可是貓舌頭耶!」、「我真不敢相信那個歌手在演唱會對嘴。」、「千萬不要跟黃牛買票,這樣會助長歪風!」、「我超受不了小女生撒嬌,很做作耶!」,這些標註字彙和片語都是同學已經學會的了嗎?只要有一點點不確定,代表你在學習語言上常有片段記憶而已,活用上會有相當的困難,更遑論本能性地(spontaneous)應對各種情景對話了! (A)跑跑腿:run an errand for sth→She ran some errands in the bank during lunch break. (她趁午休時間到銀行處理點事情。) (B)泥菩薩過江;be caught up in sb's dramas→After getting married, I found it really hard to talk to friends about my concerns because they were all caught up on their own dramas. (結婚後,要找到可以傾吐困擾的朋友少之又少,因為他們自己都有一堆事情要處理,根本自身難保。) (C)拋棄式眼鏡: disposable contact lenses→There're a wide variety of disposable contact lenses available in the shops but it's a different story in American, for all consumers need to receive a formal eye-examination before an optometrist hands you the prescribed contacts.(在商店裡都有各式各樣的拋棄式眼鏡可選購,可是在美國你必須接受正式的驗光步驟,才可以拿到有度數的拋棄式隱形眼鏡。)也可以直接問朋友:Are you wearing contacts today?(妳今天帶隱形眼鏡嗎?) (D)眼睛紅通通:blood-shot eyes→This year drew near to an end and most workers might either take work home or work overtime in their own cubicles till midnight. (今年要進入尾聲,許多上班族不是把工作帶回家繼續忙,不然就是在辦公室隔間裡奮鬥到半夜才回去。)另外提到:Red-Eye Flight半夜起飛的班機。 (E)黃牛:scalper→Taiwanese tend to wait in the long line for some tickets, especially for concert tickets. Unfortunately, some scalpers attempted to purchase tickets in bulk and resell them on the internet with exorbitant prices. That's really vicious!(台灣人很常大排長龍買票,特別是演唱會的票;不幸地,這些黃牛都會大量搶購票券,然後拿去網路上高價轉賣。真的很可惡。) (F)做作:pretentious→People in Belgium consider French accent in Paris relatively pretentious. (比利時人認為法國人的法文腔調相當做作。)還記得老師在「薯條」的由來提到:比利時其實才是薯條的故鄉,而且也因為以法語為官方語言,才會有後來誤傳的現象呢!老師曾教授華語文化的比利時女孩也因此跟班上來自法國的同學爭吵不休呢!但實際聽起來,兩國口音確實差異相當大呢! 自從韓劇「藍色生死戀」在亞洲爆紅後,男男女女都萌發愛戀的情愫,也渴望有「來自星星的你」的都敏俊教授來搭救,可以擺脫一成不變的生活;同時,也可以擁有「屋塔房上的世子」穿梭時光的永恆承諾,暖男風潮再現,總是想終結單身卻又天人交戰(war with oneself)是否該這麼快把自己交給另一半,「沒關係這是愛情啊!」。從青澀校園時期,許多人都憧憬(fantasize)著浪漫的戀情和甜蜜時光,印象中大家會選擇到山上欣賞夜空星光滿佈(The sky is scattered with stars.);到電影院感動主角的深情不悔;到夕陽絕美的海邊踏著細沙,雙雙緊靠的足跡,好像就會這樣一直走下去。以上的微美場景彷彿撥放著無限回憶,當初的山盟海誓猶然在耳。 但每當情人節(Valentine's Day)到來,花價突然供不應求(Demand is higher than supply)又水漲船高時,就會讓單身的朋友默默竊喜(smirk),但同時又發現許多餐廳在這特別的節日不提供「單身用餐」,於是在人類世界裡就發明出的「太閃了」相關表達,甚至朋友在社群網路貼上情侶照,大家會直接說「給我墨鏡,閃到看不到路了。」在歐洲國家,情侶在街上公然擁抱(cuddle)、親吻,都不用太大驚小怪(make a fuss),因為這種「閃給大家看」的態度是從小父母就相當地開明,而且認為「天天說愛」是很重要的事情,如果老公上班出門前沒跟太太說聲「I love you, babe.」回家可能就要跪「漢堡」了(Just kidding!)所以我們到底要怎麼用英文表達這種「公開示愛」的狀況呢?那就來一起學習吧! 1.天啊!你快看,他們也太「閃」了吧! Hey, Take a look at them! They are displaying affection to each other publicly. (沒錯就是用「公開表情感來說」,算挺客觀的評論。各位忠實的讀者也知道老師介紹過display有:1.展示物件:The jewelry is on display on the shelves. (珠寶在架上展示中) ;2. 展示能力:This athlete has displayed incredible strength in freestyle stroke. (這位運動員在自由式項目展現驚人表現。而同學天天盯著3C的螢幕就是display screen!) ※同學在信中提到:老師之前提過看電影要用go " SEE" the movie,可是在自修國外影集的時候,外國人會跟其他用手機的觀眾說"Excuse me, could you turn off the phone, we are trying to WATCH the film here."所以到底要用SEE還是WATCH? <解答>同學說的都是對的,看電影是「前往的動作」,故使用"go see the movie",在只要進去電影院觀賞「大銀幕」就等於是「在家裡」觀看的同樣行為,我們就會用"watch the film/movie"。所以如果你要表達:「我這週五去了電影院看電影。」可以這麼說:「I went to see the movie this Friday./ I watched a film at the cinema(=movie theater)。」如果第二句沒有特別說明地點,外國朋友也可能會錯意?是在家裡觀看?的喔!請同學多多注意用法和表達的時機點。 2.我真不敢相信,那對情侶公然「喇舌」,這也太「閃了」吧! To my disbelief, that couple was French-kissing there. Please, GET A ROOM! (這邊用到belief的異義字disbelief,甚至妳可以用"Over My Dead Body"『太扯了啦!』要是我沒親眼看到我絕對不信) 。而如果你用到了"Get A Room"那可就是只對方在大庭廣眾之下實在親暱到有點有礙觀瞻,讓你非常地不舒服,只好低吼一聲:「可以去旅館開房間嗎?」,這很明顯帶有負面( negative)和挑釁( provocative)的語氣喔!所以,如果你膽敢當著別人前面說這句話,接著就是「腳底抹油」,瘋狂揮起手刀逃命吧! RUN FOR YOUR LIFE! 』 記得以前國中老師特地問班上同學:「要怎麼問孕婦肚中的孩子性別呢?」大家七嘴八舌的想出各種答案「Is the baby a boy?」、「Do you know the sex of the baby?」、「Man or Woman?」讓大家都笑成一團,其實只要問" Do you have a boy or girl baby?"就可以清楚明瞭地提問;而提到「混血兒」又是另一樁笑話了,大家對於「混血兒」都會直接說mixed blood?直接聯想到米克斯"MIX"的用法,但這是相當沒有禮貌的說法,甚至在暗示是「雜種」,所以到底要怎麼問題?其實簡單的說"Where do your parents come from?"(妳父母來自哪國呢?)、" I am wondering which country your ancestors live."(我想知道你祖先定居於哪國?)。而問到寵物的混血可以簡單用cross-bred(a.)交叉繁殖的用法,顯得有文化水平也非常得體。 在教學的過程當中也常發現不管是"HE OR SHE"常弄得啼笑皆非,用"HE"說自己母親的生活經驗,或是用"SHE"說父親早上出門運動,更有同學很喜歡把"S"加在每個單字後面,也會把弱化子音念出來。比如" Definitely"(弱化T)、" And"(D不發音)、"Mountain Climbing"(弱化T和B音),音近mou-n, k-lai-ming)、" Didn't"(T省略而用鼻音共鳴N收尾)、"Student"(讀音為s-t-u-n而已)、" Her";單複數不分或動詞過去式使用轉換有困難,這也顯示課後同學缺乏練習口語和寫作的訓練,導致對於語言的掌控度不穩定,接觸的題材範疇也過小,不應該只是侷限在教科書上內容,而要"泛讀"(extensive reading),不管是時事、科學、健康、人文軼事、娛樂,都可以多多接觸和學習專業用字,和換句話說的能力,才能靈活運用語言和所學。 <時事英文:國際媒體聚焦台灣>請仔細閱讀靠上下文推敲。 The pilots of TransAsia Airways Flight GE235 grappled with problems with both engines before the plane clipped a bridge and crashed into a river, killing dozens of people, Taiwan's Aviation Safety Council said Friday. The two engines on the ATR 72 turboprop aircraft stopped producing power one after the other, leaving the plane flying without thrust for more than a minute, according to the agency. During the crisis in the cockpit, the pilots received a series of alerts, starting with an alarm related to one of the engines and followed by five stall warnings. The pilots issued a mayday alert to air traffic control, announcing an engine flameout, or power failure. They eventually managed to restart the engine, but it was too late to prevent a crash. The Aviation Safety Council said Friday it was still collecting information on the disaster, with a full analysis of Flight GE235's flight data recorder and cockpit voice recorder still months away, and wasn't yet able to say why the engines shut down. Thomas Wang, the council's managing director, said investigators will look into the crew's role, including the possibility they shut off the left engine in response to a warning about the right engine. He said the left engine could have stopped working for multiple reasons. "Either someone reduced it or something else happened, a mechanical failure," Wang said. "We don't know." Eight people still missing Flight GE235 crashed into the Keelung River in Taiwan's capital, Taipei, shortly after taking off Wednesday with 58 people on board. Authorities say that so far, 35 people have been confirmed dead, 15 survived and 8 are still missing, according to Taiwan's official news agency CNA. Two people on the ground were also hurt. The reported engine problems dovetail with the account of Huang Chin-shun, a 72-year-old survivor of the crash."I thought something's wrong with the engine because I always take this flight." Stephen Fredrick, a pilot who once flew ATRs for American Airlines, told CNN this week that it looked like Flight GE235 was gliding when dashboard cameras on the ground captured the moments before it crashed into the river. TransAsia was involved in another deadly disaster in July. Forty-eight people died after an ATR 72 aircraft operated by the airline crashed as it was attempting to land in the Taiwanese Penghu Islands during bad weather. And on Friday, TransAsia ordered its 71 pilots who helm ATR aircraft to take and pass written and oral exams within the next four days in order to fly again, said an airline representative, who was not named per custom. Those pilots will have to undergo flight simulator tests sometime in the future as well.
-
英文原來這樣說(English is A Piece of Cake)
許多讀者都了解英文是國際語言也是將來商業、旅遊、餐飲、科技、法律和無數的領域都需要交流和調解的關鍵工具,但誠如老師提過的「深入文化」所習得的語言才能成為「骨骼」,而學過的詞彙、文法、慣用語才有機會長成「肌肉」,而利用英文去思考生活的大小事情才賦予「靈魂」在各種表達的字句中。同學應該還記得前陣子英國交通部長Susan Barmer為表示國際外交形式上的友好,贈送了「懷錶」(Pocket Watch)卻誤觸了中華文化中「送鐘(終)」的諧音禁忌,這在國際上可是不能犯的gaffe (無心錯誤),也更突顯各國對於「禮品」的概念有所不同;另一方面,台北市長在第一時間表示可以"regift"(轉送)給其他人或是賣給收破銅爛鐵的商人(scrap metal dealer)換取現金比較實際,也引起了大眾譁然(the heated debate),認為雖然看似隨性作風但給英國政府洗臉(give a lesson)一番,也算是失言(misspeak)和成了社交失禮(social faux pas)的示範。或許這次事件也有助外國人了解華人文化不適宜送鐘錶的禁忌。就像AFP形容這是"double diplomatic gaffe",雙方都有失禮之處:外國人的報導主要聚焦於這位外賓送禮觸犯華人禁忌(外賓並已對此做出聲明表示歉意),台灣的報導則主要環繞在新市長的失言(off-the-cuff remark gaffe)今天一開場就要讓同學用國際媒體看台灣外交躍上世界時事焦點的用語和介紹囉! ★ British Minister Breaks Taboo With Watch Gift for Taipei Mayor 英國(交通)部長誤觸禁忌,贈送台北市長懷錶事件 A British transport minister on a trade visit to Taipei got a lesson in the perils of diplomatic gift giving Monday when she presented a pocket watch to the city's mayor -- a taboo act in Chinese culture.(本周一時,英國交通部長在這趟台灣的商務參訪中,確實在外交贈禮危機中學了寶貴的一課,當她正式贈與台北市長一只懷錶:恰好為中華文化中的禁忌。) Baroness Susan Kramer apologized for the inadvertently inauspicious gift -- the word for a watch or clock in Chinese sounds like "the end" and many associate it with death.(蘇珊卡門爾為這無心贈與且附有不祥意涵的禮品致上歉意,由於「手錶」或是「鐘」在中文裡都意指"終了",而且許多人都會立刻聯想到死亡。) "We learn something new each day. I had no idea a gift like this could be seen as anything other than positive: In the UK a watch is precious - because nothing is more important than time," she later said in a statement.(蘇珊表示:「我們每天都學習新事物。我並不知道這種禮物會被視為如此負面,在英國手錶是相當珍貴的,因為每寸光陰是最寶貴的。」) But the recipient, Mayor Ko Wen-je, also came under fire for his "rude" response. Ko, who was recently elected and isn't a career politician, told reporters that he had "no use" for the pocket watch.(台北市長柯文哲身為贈禮對象,卻因為自己的"魯莽"言論而遭受多方抨擊。新上任的柯市長並不是資深政客,也告知記者自己不知道怎處理這只懷錶。) "I can just regift it to someone or take it to a scrap metal dealer and sell it for cash," he was quoted as saying. On Tuesday, he apologized and said he would undertake some "diplomatic etiquette" training.(在市長的發言中提到:我大概會轉送給別人或是拿到收破銅爛鐵的商家換現金。在週二時也親自道歉並表示他會正式參加外交禮儀訓練課程。) Kramer and Ko can take comfort that it's not the first time an exchange of official gifts has stirred controversy.( 卡門爾和柯文哲都可以放輕鬆些,因為這並不是第一回官方贈禮惹出禍端了。) ※歐巴馬總統在2009年就被英國媒體大力撻伐,因為給予當時英國首相布朗一份影音光碟,竟然是完全無法在英國撥放系統上觀看。但反觀英國所贈送的筆筒就相當有水準,這可是在維多利亞時期反奴役船隻所用的木材而製,可說是意義非凡的贈禮心思。 <名人英文開講時間>:一向爭取人權和種族平等權力文明的美國社會,對於同性婚姻和相關法案仍存在相當大的爭議。目前為科技龍頭蘋果公司首席執行長公開出櫃,認為自己身為公眾人有其必要來為真正的平等和正義發聲,也在許多人心中投下了震撼彈!Apple的CEO庫克(Cook)公開表示他的性向並寫了封公開信給大眾,用字遣詞及內容十分精湛。 Throughout my professional life, I've tried to maintain a basic level of privacy. I come from humble (卑微的) roots, and I don't seek to draw attention to(吸引目光) myself. Apple is already one of the most closely watched companies in the world, and I like keeping the focus on our products and the incredible things our customers achieve with them.(回顧我的專業生涯中,我總對基本隱私相當重視。出身清寒,我也並不尋求太多關注,而蘋果電腦公司早已是世界上前景看好的公司之一,我也很喜歡專注於公司產品和客戶使用後能獲得的絕妙效果。) At the same time, I believe deeply in the words of Dr. Martin Luther King, who said: "Life's most persistent and urgent question is, 'What are you doing for others?'" I often challenge myself with that question, and I've come to realize that my desire for personal privacy has been holding me back from doing something more important. That's what has led me to today.(在同時我也深信馬丁路德‧金恩博士曾說過:「在人生最需持續和努力關注的問題就是『你曾為別人做過些什麼嗎?』」) 我常這麼自省且問著自己這件事情,也同時意識到在渴望更多個人隱私,讓我竟退怯而不去做更有意義的事情。這也是今天讓我站在這裡的原因。 For years, I've been open with many people about my sexual orientation (性取向). Plenty of colleagues at Apple know I'm gay, and it doesn't seem to make a difference in the way they treat me. Of course, I've had the good fortune to work at a company that loves creativity and innovation (創新) and knows it can only flourish (繁盛) when you embrace (擁抱) people's differences. Not everyone is so lucky. While I have never denied my sexuality, I haven't publicly acknowledged (承認) it either, until now. So let me be clear: I'm proud to be gay, and I consider being gay among the greatest gifts God has given me.(多年來我都和許多人公開我的性向,許多在蘋果公司的同事也知道我是同性戀者,但這並不改變她們對我的態度。當然,我也是非常幸運可以在這個熱愛創意和創新的公司上班,而且在包容彼此間的差異下更加壯大。但並不是每個人都像我這樣幸運。我從不否認我的性向,但我也從未公開承認,直到說話的這個當下。我想說的是:身為同性戀者我相當的驕傲,而且我認為身為同性戀者是上帝給我最棒的禮物之一。) Being gay has given me a deeper understanding of what it means to be in the minority (少數) and provided a window into the challenges that people in other minority groups deal with every day. It's made me more empathetic (有同理心的), which has led to a richer life. It's been tough and uncomfortable at times, but it has given me the confidence to be myself, to follow my own path, and to rise above adversity (困境) and bigotry (偏執). It's also given me the skin of a rhinoceros (犀牛), which comes in handy when you're the CEO of Apple.(這讓我體察到少數族群的身分也可以讓我多了份挑戰去感受其他少數族群每日所經歷過的掙扎。這讓我變得更有同理心,也導向我更豐富的人生。每每感到人生的艱苦和難過,我也從中拾獲自信,去走出自己的道路,從困挫中學會堅強和些頑固。我常戲稱在擔任蘋果首席執行長時,這一切一切的過去讓我可以像有著犀牛皮般百毒不侵。) The world has changed so much since I was a kid. America is moving toward marriage equality, and the public figures who have bravely come out (出櫃) have helped change perceptions (觀感) and made our culture more tolerant. (從孩提時期開始,這世界變了很多。美國社會也提倡平等婚姻權和許多公眾人物勇敢出櫃改變社會觀點,也讓我們的文化更兼容並蓄。)Still, there are laws on the books in a majority of states that allow employers to fire people based solely on their sexual orientation. There are many places where landlords can evict (驅逐) tenants (房客) for being gay, or where we can be barred from visiting sick partners and sharing in their legacies. Countless people, particularly kids, face fear and abuse every day because of their sexual orientation(性向).(現行律法中有許多州,讓雇主可以僅因性向開除員工;甚至有些房東可以「依法」驅離同性戀房客,甚至也不能探視生病的伴侶或得到任何遺產。無數的人們,尤其是孩子每天都因為自己的性向而活在恐懼和暴力中。)I don't consider myself an activist, but I realize how much I've benefited from the sacrifice (犧牲) of others. So if hearing that the CEO of Apple is gay can help someone struggling to come to terms with (接受) who he or she is, or bring comfort to anyone who feels alone, or inspire people to insist on their equality, then it's worth the trade-off with my own privacy.The company I am so fortunate to lead has long advocated (倡導) for human rights (人權) and equality for all. We stood for marriage equality in our home state of California. We'll continue to fight for our values, and I believe that any CEO of this incredible company, regardless of (不顧) race, gender, or sexual orientation, would do the same. And I will personally continue to advocate for equality for all people until my toes point up.(公司可貴地倡導平等,而加州國會也如同我們支持同性婚禮立法及通過任何不受歧視的平等法案。在我們公司中任何的高級主管都會做一樣的事情,不管種族、性別、或性向,全力支持人權和提倡平等,直到盡了最後一份力氣。)When I arrive in my office each morning, I'm greeted by framed photos of Dr. King and Robert F. Kennedy. I don't pretend that writing this puts me in their league. All it does is allow me to look at those pictures and know that I'm doing my part(盡本分), however small, to help others. We pave (舖路) the sunlit path toward justice (公平正義) together, brick by brick. This is my brick.(每早到辦公室,馬丁路德博士和甘迺迪總統的照片總招呼著我的到來,這麼說並不代表我有如此偉大,但這讓我感受到即使能力有限,但我正在盡自己的本份幫助他人。這灑滿陽光通往正義的道路,一磚一瓦,亦步亦趨,可貴的一步。)
-
英文原來這樣說(English is A Piece of Cake)
每次同學收到老師的專欄都會非常地興奮,也很好奇老師怎麼在華語圈文化中自行保持對英文的接觸和學習?你有天天問自己「這句話英文要怎麼說」的習慣嗎?來到十字路口旁,看到「紅綠燈」,是否會立刻閃出Traffic Light;到了百貨公司除了映入眼簾的華麗專櫃,都會看到「手扶梯」上下行的運載乘客,此時Escalator也脫口而出;突然購物到一半,發現自己很想上洗手間,看到"Breastfeeding Room"就知道是「哺乳室」,而不會誤闖進去;晃到餐廳旁邊時,本來看到特價餐點裡面寫著"Fresh Prawn with Oyster"字樣,也想到「明蝦和生蠔」剛好自己會過敏,而安全地避開;準備回家的路上,天色漸漸暗下來,看著路邊的日本餐廳「排著人龍」,也可以大聲讚嘆"What a long queue / line";進門前,會在「玄關」脫下鞋子,也會說聲"Take off shoes at the foyer"的習慣;最後喊出"還是家裡最棒","There's no better place than a sweet home"。是不是感受到,生活俯拾皆是英文題材和學習內容呢? 本年度也有許多的國定連假活動,除了舟車勞頓和處處人擠人,駕駛最怕的應該就是"Backseat Driver"告訴你剛剛哪裡應該要先轉彎才可以避開車潮,不然就是剛剛速度太快差點撞到旁邊的貨車,甚至語帶威脅地說「我還是頭一次坐到這種技術欠佳的車子」,好似自己就是駕訓班的考照測驗員。這種老是喜歡在後方跋扈又碎念地指揮駕駛的人,就叫做「後座駕駛」(Backseat Driver)。可怕地是,大家通常都會不自覺地開始"車內指揮交通了!這可會大大影響駕駛的心情和安全,不可不慎喔!Brian老師也在教學環境中,常看到所謂的「直升機父母」(Helicopter Parents)會帶著興趣缺缺的孩子來上課或是一週七天都報滿許多才藝班(Talent class)深怕孩子輸在起跑點上擠不進名校的窄門,卻沒想到孩子已經身心俱疲(exhausted),更不用提是否能找到人生的"熱情"(Passion也可引申為一個人想從事的"職業")。其實不難想像父母的壓力,來自社會給予的期望和許多親朋好友的比較批評等等因素所導致的行為,但這樣「盤旋」(Hover)在孩子身邊的緊迫盯人模式,是否有真正關心到孩子的「心靈狀態」和「學習吸收效果」呢?其實讓孩子多參與各主題的短期營隊(Theme Camps)或是服務活動(Volunteer Activities),可以去觀察孩子的反應和學習狀況,這樣既可以又省時又省錢,還可以讓孩子在沒有壓力的環境下學習和自我成長(self-growth)。身為師長的角色是諮詢者(advisor)和推進器(facilitator),不應該是一味地指責(scold)和打壓(suppress),「鼓勵和肯定」(Encouragement and Recognition)是人在一生中能夠勇於追求卓越的重要能源喔!這也讓Brian老師想到閱讀過的近期國際週刊發表的一篇親子文章裡頭提到「捉迷藏」是極度危險的活動,也是提高很多孩子遇害的機會,所以甚至在不少國家紛紛提起禁止「捉迷藏 Hide And Seek」之際,引起許多的迴響和反對的聲浪,讓我們一起來看看這篇文章,關心你我的教育環境和正視生活中的大小事也歡迎大家跟老師分享你的看法喔! Recently it was banned from a playground in England, the topic of a sex convict's confession in New Zealand, the subject of a child's funeral here in the United States and the reason for a 911 call in my own back yard. Can you guess what it is? Hide and Seek. Yes, hide and seek. 近期內在英國已經明令禁止在玩樂區(學校或社區)進行這項活動,這個活動不但和紐西蘭的性侵犯自白內容有關,更是美國社會眼中使兒童可能喪命的遊戲,甚至讓屋主忍不住報警通知在自家後院發生的事情。你猜到了嗎?就是「捉迷藏」。是的,就是「藏起來」(「綁票」)和「找尋」(失蹤人口)。 In our era of parenting, there are two philosophies regarding children's interactions with the world that have seemingly emerged. Philosophy one views the world as a mostly safe place that we need to allow our children to freely experience and explore, and philosophy two views the world as a mostly dangerous place that we need to protect and shelter our children from. Then there are those who fall somewhere in the middle, parents who are aware of the dangers of the world but not fearful, and are concerned about their child's safety but not obsessed. I think those are the type of parents we should strive to be.在我們世代的教育觀,對於孩子如何和這個世界互動關係中的觀念慢慢的有了些雛型。有一派的看法認為:這是個安全的世界,我們應當讓孩子去自由體驗和探索其中奧妙;而另一派卻堅信:這世界處處充滿危機,我們要極力保護孩子和隨時提供避風港;持中立的人們懷著:身為家長應該是要注意到身處的危險但不需要草木皆兵,可以關心孩子的安全但不必過度煩憂。我認為以上的這三種想法都有可能是我們成為家長會面臨的選擇。 So whether you subscribe to philosophy one or two, whether your agree or disagree that games like hide and seek should be banned from school yard, or whether you see bad things as happening to children all the time or as a rarity, it's important to try to reach middle ground and address serious dangers around seemingly harmless things.或許你會想投票給第一種或第二種想法,無論你同意與否,捉迷藏是否應該在校園裡消失匿跡,或是你曾在聽聞關於一些發生在孩子身上的憾事,或認為這些只是個案罷了!最重要的是,可以慢慢的調整心態,朝比較重要但也不失關心這些看似無傷大雅卻有隱藏危機的活動。(小檔案:西方社會發現有許多孩童在大人可能沒注意的情況下,性侵犯或綁架犯就擄走了孩童,捉迷藏從孩提時期的美麗回憶瞬間變色成黑暗夢魘。) Like hide and seek. Whether you advocate for playing hide and seek or not, there are principles of the game worth considering: 像躲藏和尋找般的,社會的價值觀也在摸索中!姑且不論是否你認為捉迷藏這個遊戲是否該被提倡,或許下面幾點的相關原則可以讓你參考。(屬各派想法) 1.Hide and seek promotes secretive play. The nature of the game is to not tell anyone where you are and what you are doing. 捉迷藏在鼓吹秘密遊戲扮演。這遊戲的本質就是:別告訴任何人你在哪或是你正在從事怎樣的活動。 2.Hide and seek asks children to hide and not come out. The nature of the game is to ask children to hide so they can't be found. 這種你躲我找的遊戲就是讓孩子去隱藏內心想法而變得不坦白。這個遊戲就是叫他們去躲起來所以不要被找到(很容易在這個時間點遭遇不測,也有延伸意涵:不願意面對或透露自己的想法)。 3. Hide and seek sends mixed messages. The nature of the game asks children to do what we've always told them not to. 捉迷藏也傳遞很多不同的訊息。遊戲本身就是告訴孩子去做平常被告誡不能去做的事情。(變得很容易反叛或表現脫序行為的導因) 4.Hide and seek requires mind skills young children may not have. The nature of the game requires you to differentiate between hiding for real and hiding for pretend play. 捉迷藏在同時也需要運用許多年幼孩童所欠缺的運用腦力的相關技巧。這個遊戲也是需要你去辨別兩者中的差別:現實中的逃避和在遊戲中的暫時藏匿。 或許會有很多同學認為這篇國外文章只是杯弓蛇影,太過於小題大作。但其實對於很注重兒童福利的西方世界卻是件大事,這也顯示文化觀念的差異和我們關懷孩子的生活作息和人身安全是否可以更用心更謹慎呢?這篇文章也提供給各位朋友更多不同面向的分享和討論,希望對於教育上可以在每個環節上都可以做到更完善,但不需要為孩子處處設限,可以在安全的環境給予更多的創意發揮的空間和許多更有自信的表現,這是家長和教育者可以一起努力的! ●Pronunciation Correction: Meanings(長短音) 1. A. The shop is red. B. The shop is raided. 2. A. Please lend me some cash! B. Taiwan is a picturesque land. 3. A. My daughters are now married! B. There are only two doctors in the clinic. 4. A. You can't just walk a dog without a leash. B. You should sign the lease contract. 5. A. After losing a few pounds, my pants get quite loose. B.Lisa's husband is a total loser who never earned a penny home. ●Phrases: Worth Memorizing 1.G.P.S. always misguides the inexperienced drivers to the unknown places miles away from the destinations. 導航系統常誤導菜鳥駕駛開到離目的地十萬八千裡的地方去喔! 2.Please keep your volume down and refrain from talking on the phone so loudly that it really inconveniences others.請把你的音量降低,也盡量不要在電話中大聲交談,這樣影響到很多人。 3.It's easy to get a cramp without adequate amount of warm-ups before swimming. 游泳前沒有做好足夠的暖身運動很容易抽筋的! 4.Hey! This is an Indian gift from Joe who always expects others to return the favor when he fails to meet the deadline. 啊!這可是從哪位很愛討人情的喬先生送的禮物,每次只要他來不及期限前完成任務,就會開始要別人還人情了! 5.Most teenagers are exposed to thrilling video games so as to cause them to have short attention span when it comes to the schoolwork. 很多青少年都大量接觸許多刺激的電玩遊戲,如此一來讓她們對學校工作都非常興趣缺缺無法集中精神。 6.Sometimes we should learn to pamper ourselves by getting what we really want and hang out with people we haven't met for long.有時候我們要學著寵愛自己,藉由得到想要的東西和許久沒碰面的友人相聚。 7.Shanny has a hard time concentrating on Brian's lectures considering that she got the whole world to worry about.珊妮很難集中注意力在布萊恩的課堂上,因為她老是杞人憂天到不行。 8.Don't badmouth others behind them because it's undoubtedly shady and disgusting!不要背後說人壞話,這可是很陰險也很令人不齒的! ●Questions for Brainstorming: A dumb man walked into the pharmacy and pointed his stomach for medicine and he got it. Question, now what should a blind man do to get the painkiller for a headache?
-
英文原來這樣說(English Is A Piece of Cake)
學習英文的同學常有「風蕭蕭兮易水寒,單字一背兮不復返」的感慨。明明花了大把時間和金錢背著必考單字可卻看不到成績。其實,大家都忘記學習語言最初的重點:用耳朵習慣語言,並創造出學習的環境。妳的臉書在語言設定為英文了嗎?你知道按讚其實在英文就是CLICK" LIKE"嗎?而手機響了半天後,只發現你得了一通MISSED CALL(未接來電)?不僅僅是把英文帶入生活習慣,你甚至可以在冰箱上貼上refrigerator,或是在止痛藥上寫著pain-killer提醒自己許多的生活用語而潛移默化到自己的英文表達中。ICRT廣播人王大衛台北ICRT也是一例,就聽他悠遊於英語、台語、國語三聲帶之間,誰都佩服,但是有多少人知曉他從沒在國外居住過?常春藤學習機構賴世雄老師也是藉由大聲朗讀和不斷重複句子,來加強自己的語調變化和提升用字,把家中飼養的豬隻當作是自己的聽眾,勇敢地進行英文演講,慢慢地也可以發現自己的錯誤,進而快速提升自己的英文實力。曾經在全國中、英文演講迭獲佳績的經驗告訴我,大量背誦佳文以及注意自己的語速是否夠自然是很重要的,除了要注意自己的儀態表情,更是要讓自己的表達「有自己的呼吸節奏」,只要長期有閱讀英文刊物習慣的同學就知道,在怎樣場合使用怎樣的表達是最為適切的,就像唱歌節目中的評審常提到:不要匠氣般地使用技巧,要發自內心的感動才會是好的表演。比如說:I usually go to school by train and take the bus home. (我經常坐火車上學,搭公車回家。)這樣如此親近的句子其實在口說中是可以拿到相當的分數,但是除了習慣的句子和流利度,難道同學不想再更進一級的表達了嗎?特別是道地的表達。所以這句話我們可以使用鑽石級的單字commute(v.)通勤,EX: I tend to commute to school by train and take the bus home on a daily basis. 同學應該不難看出來Brian老師在句中使用了很高級的幾種大考頂標寫法:1. Tend to習慣於….(做某事)取代常見的頻率副詞usually/often/ frequently/occasionally/seldom/barely等等2. Commute to通勤到(某方向)3.on a daily basis以每天為基礎的(= every day)。小小的修正慢慢就會感受到自己的長足進步和充滿自信的用英文表達想法了喔!很多同學看到這裡都會raise their eyebrows發問類似問題:「我自己練習大聲說英文錯了怎辦?」、「跟朋友練習口說好幾小時也不知道是否有效果?」、「為什麼單字量老是不夠呢?」。這就是今天老師要討論的兩大重點了: (A)生活化英文與(B)如何快速記憶且活用單字。千萬要記得準備、觀察、提問、學習和你我「息息相關」的英文表達,就會是好的學習方向,不管是新聞中提到的EBOLA VIRUS(伊波拉病毒)或食安風暴中的餿水油(TAINTED OIL),甚至日幣貶值現象(DEPRECIATION OF YEN)都應該是要在同學的單字記憶範圍中。可以用外語談論自己的文化和國際的各種新聞事件,才算得是正確的學習方法;更重要地,很多同學到了國外告訴我,每次到了餐廳只知道sandwich(三明治),其他都不敢點,很怕說錯被笑。天天吃冷食,好不容易有一天看到店家寫著:Hot Sandwich Available,開心的買來大口咬下,竟然發現是「超辣三明治」,這真的是比扯鈴還扯的理解錯誤了!這讓老師想到跳上國際芭雷舞台的首席舞者:許芳宜,她在經過許多磨難、內心崩潰、自我懷疑、不眠不休練習,終於通過紐約舞蹈學校認可入學,但老天爺並沒有這樣讓她日子輕鬆點,『英文』這個噩夢讓她天天都要帶著翻譯機,在這國際大都市中感覺自己又聾又啞,快被人潮壓縮到窒息。但她知道:丟臉,是因為自己不願意面對現況、不願意學習,這才是丟臉。人如果連學習都沒有意願,那誰又能幫你?。因為在美國她最愛吃的早餐就是Cinnamon-Raisin Bagel(肉桂葡萄乾貝果),於是她就在家裡天天練習,隔天她鼓起勇氣要去路邊的店家點餐,那段路走得她雙腳發軟和冷汗直流,跟電影「救救菜英文」女主角在美國咖啡廳點餐的情況一模一樣,最後許芳宜在櫃台前準備要說的那一刻,右手卻不聽使喚地指向Cinnamon-Raisin Bagel,說This, I want this.好險,對方知道她英文不好,不然這樣的命令口吻是很沒禮貌的。最後,她花了兩天走到哪都在念著:I want a cinnamon-raisin bagel。隔天,她竟然脫口說出來了,後來幾天,她還加料了:I want a cinnamon-raisin bagel with top cream(加奶油) with a cup of coffee, please. 從此以後,她不管是試演或是專業表演中,多了更大的信心去執行自己的想法。Dare to be different, 就算跟別人不一樣的外表或國籍,我想我們更需要的更多的勇氣來證明自己也可以表現出更多更好的作品,有時候假裝勇敢,也是學習勇敢的一個過程。身為土生土長的台灣人,Brian老師更是可以感受到同學在英文學習的挫折和困惑,在國外生活求學這些時間也讓老師了解到很多生活需要的用語和校園內為了升學考試迥然不同的用語表達。 那麼我們就讓同學練習一下,判斷以下這些句子有什麼差別吧!請試著翻譯出來。 1. How did your trip to the bank go? 2. How did your project go? 3. I am not getting along with history. 4. I am not getting along well with my crew. 5. It takes you forever to figure that out. 6. He earned the six-figure salary. 不知道各位同學順利的翻譯出來了嗎?接著,我們就要好好的討論這幾個句子囉!眼尖的讀者一定發現裡頭有相似的單字或表達語,那麼希望待會你跟老師解答的內容相同喔! * 「Go」除了最常見的「前往」和「進行某動作+V-ing」=>Go ahead也是常用在討論事件中,突然有電話打來後,提醒對方:「你可以繼續說下去」或是對方必須立刻離開卻有些顧忌妳的感受,這時候你就可以體貼的說「 Go ahead」(去忙吧!沒關係的!)在(1)(2)句中要表達的還有另一層涵義: 1. How did your trip to the bank go?=你去銀行辦事路上(過程)都還順利嗎? 首先同學要了解這裡的Trip不是名詞旅遊或是動詞絆倒的意思,而是指』跑這趟』的意思。當時在加拿大的時候,住宿管理辦公室還特地問老師是否願意寒假留下來當巡邏員和處理新生事宜(當時我才大二),對於這種挑戰當然既期待又怕受傷害,於是跟宿舍主管繞了一圈自己天天穿梭的各宿舍大樓,有了不同的責任感和壓力。當前提是要去申請臨時社會安全證,透過學校發出的公文再到當地戶政事務所確認就可以了,但因為中文拼音和護照不同,導致我跑了好多趟。最後,辦事員還用憐憫地眼神看著我說「 Sir, I feel sorry for you to make several trips.」(先生,我真的很不好意思讓你跑這麼多趟。)因為從老師的學校到辦事處要經過18條大街,然後步行在小腿高度的積雪中,真的是永生難忘記的經驗啊!所以同學了解了TRIP的道地表達了嗎? 2. How did your project go?=你目前計畫案進展如何? * 「Along」:常解釋成為「沿著」某路線前往的意思,或是順著路徑而移動。所以如果要幫忙外國友人指路,就可以派上用場了:Please go along the street and turn right at the second intersection. Then, the train station will be seen on your right hand (side). Should I draw a map for you? (請沿著這條街走,接著在第二個十字路口右轉,然後車站就會在你的右手邊了。) 3. I am not getting along with history. 我歷史部分念得很少。 = I am not making any progress in history. = I am not pulling it out in comprehending history. 4. I am not getting along well with my crew.同事與我相處不是很愉快。 5. It takes you forever to figure that out. 你花超久才理解這件事情。 6. He earned the six-figure salary.他月入六位數的薪水。 <文法Even if V.S. Even though用法比一比> 「就算現在天氣很糟糕,你還是必須要上班。」 Even the weather is terrible, you still have to go to work.(×) 錢少事多離家遠,天氣又濕又冷,這是我們必須面對的事實,不過痛苦還沒結束,因為還有英文錯誤要解決。上面這個句子,我們漏掉了 even後面的though。這個句型很簡單,就是:【Even though +句子A,句子B】 這是英文常用句型,「即使A…,還是B」。所以開頭那個句子應該這麼說:Even though the weather is terrible, I still have to go to work. 「等等,老師!我記得英文裡頭還有 even if,它和even though有什麼差別呢?」這是個非常好的問題。一般來說,even though 用於實際發生的狀況;even if 用於假設和建議。比方說,你今天真的很累,可是還是要拜訪親戚:Even though I'm tired, I still have to visit my grandma today.這是真正的情況,所以你就要用 even though。再來看另一種情況。你的一個女性朋友要去一間酒吧,你得提醒她:就算一個男生很帥,妳還是不應該把電話號碼給他。這是還沒發生的事,算是假設建議的情況:Even if he is handsome, you still shouldn't give him your phone number.
-
Differences : All around you
In Kinmen, what could possibly be different about going to see big Hollywood blockbusters like Guardians of the Galaxy, Maze Runner, and Gone Girl? The answer is quite a lot. I never expected something as simple as seeing a movie to be such an effective cure for homesickness, while simultaneously delivering subtle waves of culture shock. At first glance everything about going to the movies appears the same:the movie posters, the trailers playing overhead, and the concession counters. However, the small differences begin with a mixture of Hollywood and Taiwanese trailers. They continue when the employees aren't grumpy teenagers, but the smiling faces of adults that look genuinely happy to see you. When you walk up to the counter, major differences appear. First, you are asked where you would like to sit in the theater. This idea is innovative and I hope it appears in American theaters. Even with preordered tickets in United States, you can still end up with unpopular seats. In Taiwan, you can guarantee that if you arrive early you can pick better seats. Another benefit of the movie theaters in Kinmen is that if you add 10NTD to your ticket,you receive a small popcorn and soda. This brings your total to 290 NTD, less than 10 USD. Due to the monopolization of movie theaters in America, a single ticket costs 10-14 USD. Buying popcorn, a drink or candy is usually another 10 USD. Altogether, that's a total of 20 USD, or around 900-1030 NTD per person. At the concession countera ticket doubles as a coupon for a drink and food. There are popcorn choices of Cajun, salty, sweet, or a mixture. In America, you can only order salty popcorn, sometimes with a choice of extra butter. After making the unexpected choice of popcorn and drink,movie-goers can proceed to their seats. This can occasionally be confusing for foreigners because odd number seating is on the left and even number seating is on the right.However, this system makes sense, because it clarifies which side of the theatre people should use when they enter. From there, movie-goers can sit back and relaxand enjoy the movie, whether it is a foreign or Taiwanese film. As a foreigner in Kinmen, it was helpful to stray from the American Blockbusters. I saw movies like Coffee Waiting Love (等一個人咖啡), Accomplices(共犯), and Dream Flight (想飛) to practice my Mandarin.Seeing a Taiwanese film can be a fantastic avenue for foreigners to practice language, to learn about the culture in which they are living, and to provide them with conversation starters. With time, they may come to appreciate and enjoy the differences all around them, in and out of the theater.
-
英文原來這樣說(English is A Piece of Cake)
每年國考都有許多考生悶著頭投入準備,卻屢屢都在閱讀測驗或是單字準備上沒有準備方向,買了很多厚重的閱讀大全卻發現內容編排非常零散而且只是重複練習題目,而永遠沒有學到閱讀的樂趣。如果投機點來說,其實重大的英文檢定考試多半會參考托福或雅思程度的出題為範本,因為不管學術性的豐富背景或是單字要求程度都有相當的水準。但老師在廣播節目上或是大型研討會中所接觸的優秀語言學家們,大多都是利用廣泛閱讀和接觸真正母語人士的英文閱讀內容來著手。所以今天Brian老師特定精選出美國熱門獨立女性精神文章中,談論到非常偉大的「單親媽媽」。或許社會給予很多異樣的眼神或標籤,但這些勇敢的母親不因為家裡沒有丈夫或是少了一筆收入就自暴自棄,反而開始努力經營出自己的事業和鼓勵很多婦女一起靠自己來撐起孩子的未來和生活。常會聽到很多新婚父母抱怨照顧孩子根本是剝奪睡眠的苦差事,隔天還要繼續上班努力掙錢給家裡,但妳有想過獨自撫養小孩的單親媽媽要扛起雙重壓力和責任嗎?這篇文章是國外原文文章由Brian老師親自編譯中文和延伸介紹給各位幸運的同學們,一起來從筆者的親身經驗感受到單親媽媽的辛勞和由衷地感佩如此不凡的精神。好好學習這篇短文的表達和相關詞彙,讓大家對於美國文化深度和社會議題都有很直接的感受和感動。 There Is Nothing Single About a Single Mom 「單親媽媽」:妳不是「單打獨鬥」 Recently I took my two nieces to a movie by myself. The closest I've come to being a mom is being a babysitter, so I thought it would be a walk in the park. As it turns out, a three-hour adventure with two bouncy, sugar-infused, excitable, curly-haired little girls is anything but a walk in the park. More like a walk in the dark of "I don't know what I'm doing!" From wiping noses, to wiping bottoms, to making sure no one ate an entire box of gummy bears while I wasn't looking, to managing to hold two sticky and squirmy little hands while balancing water bottles, backpacks, stuffed animals, and giant bags of popcorn--flying solo with two little baby birds in the nest is no small feat. I walked away from that experience with a renewed respect for moms everywhere, especially single moms. 最近我帶兩個姪女去看電影。說到最貼近當媽的經驗就是保母工作,我起初認為應該就是在公園散散步,結果卻是和兩個糖吃太多而異常興奮蹦蹦碰跳的捲髮女孩的三個小時奮戰,根本和散步天差地別。 倒很像「我壓根不知道自己在做什麼」之公園摸黑亂走中,從幫忙擤鼻涕、擦屁股到確定女孩們別在我沒注意的時候吃了整盒的熊熊軟糖,同時牽著兩隻黏呼呼的手外且需穩著身上掛著的水瓶和包包,以及超大包爆米花─好像隻身飛出巢穴照顧兩隻雛鳥,這還真是不小的壯舉。經歷這些讓我重新用更尊敬的心情看著身邊的母親們,尤其是單親媽媽。 ●The closet thing I've come to +V-ing對於我接觸….最類似的事情…. EX.:The closest thing I've come to being a teacher was tutoring my younger brother with math questions. ●Sugar-infused(a.)由糖分攝取所引起的,也有稱這種因為吃太多糖果而有的興奮反應為Sugar High。Infuse有注入的意思。 ●anything but= exclude 不包含VS. nothing but=include包含 EX.:I want anything but money.(我什麼都要就是不要錢。) EX.:I want nothing but money.(我什麼都不要就是要錢。) ●There is no small feat. 不小的壯舉, feat(n.)功勞或戰功。 ●Renew(v.)更新; renewal of the driving license駕照更新 VS. revoke吊銷 My sister is not a single mom, and neither was my mom. They've been blessed to have husbands around to help carry the load. Still, after a long day of working, cleaning, cooking, defusing arguments, brushing hair, brushing teeth, bathing, and disciplining, and somehow finding five minutes a day to tend to their own needs, they are often physically and mentally drained. So I can't imagine how much more of a burden single moms must carry around on a daily basis, with the well-being and needs of one or more impressionable, innocent, trusting little people riding squarely on their shoulders. So to the single moms, I salute you. 我姊不是單親媽媽,我母親也不是。她們都很幸運有著丈夫可以幫忙分擔工作。再者,一天工作辛勞後,你還得打掃、煮菜、化解爭吵、梳頭髮、幫忙刷牙、幫小孩洗澡和管教生活禮節,而最後只能勉強擠出五分鐘給自己,那時候早就筋疲力盡了!所以我根本無法想像一個單親媽媽要怎麼獨自處理這每天日復一日的負荷,還要一邊兼顧著的甜蜜包袱─那令人疼愛、天真又全心仰賴著妳的孩子的健康和需求。 因此所有的單親媽媽,我非常尊敬妳們! But you put on quite a show, really had me going/But now its time to go, curtains finally closing/ That was quite a show, very entertaining/But its over now/Go on and take a bow/Oh, and the award for the best liar goes to you/For making me believe that you could be faithful to me/Let's hear your speech out/How about a round of applause?/A standing ovation? You have likely never received a standing ovation, but you deserve one. You are the silent heroes. You are on the front lines of a long and hard-fought battle to raise strong, intelligent, healthy, moral, productive children. You put your own needs second without even pausing to think about it, and you take the small piece of cake (both literally and figuratively) so your little ones can have the bigger one every time without fail. You don't date anyone who can't handle a package deal because it's no longer just about you--you're thinking and living for two (or more). You face a million different challenges every single day, and you don't back down. You never even waver. You cry, but only when no one else can see. You hold the hardest and least-paid job there will ever be, and you do so without complaining. And when push comes to shove, you become a dad out of love. You are a doctor, a teacher, a nurse, a maid, a cook, a referee, a heroine, a provider, a defender, a protector, a true Superwoman. Wear your cape proudly. 妳的努力可能從未被讚揚,但絕對功不可沒。 妳是無名英雄,總是站在前線去拚命扶養出強壯、聰慧、能辨是非和充滿創意的孩子們。把自己的需求放一邊,甚至拋諸腦後,而且總給自己最小份的蛋糕(實質或比喻都是)來讓小孩們分到比較大塊的享用。妳絕不跟無法接受妳有孩子的人約會,因為這已經並不是妳而已而是關係到一個或更多的孩子們。面對每天接踵而至的挑戰一點也不退卻,「動搖」這兩個字不在妳的字典裡。妳不願別人看到妳的眼淚。妳的工作是全世界最困難和超低報酬,但妳只是吞下一切的苦楚。出於愛護孩子的心態,在關鍵時刻妳總是化身為父親挺身而出。 妳身兼醫生、老師、護士、傭人、廚師、裁判、女英雄、養家活口的人、捍衛者、保護者,也是個名副其實的「女超人」。 驕傲地穿著妳的披風吧! ●Standing ovation指表演讓全場觀眾感動到起身鼓掌的畫面 ●On the front line站在最前線(通常是拿來比喻戰場中的士兵)→bear the brunt首當其衝;You are crossing the line你太過分了! ●Out of 出於…sympathy憐憫心/rage盛怒 ●Productive(a.)多產的(作家/孕婦皆可) ●without fail可以達成(母親希望孩子可以開心吃到蛋糕而不會失望) ●package(n.)通常都是指套裝內容,這邊是指有孩子的單親媽媽,若將來結婚新的配偶也是要照顧自己的孩子。Deal原來也可以指「生意或協議」的概念,在這裡點綴的非常有意思,希望對方可以盡責任不只是口頭承諾。 今天我們要講的習慣用語有一個共同的詞:push. 這個詞的意思是「推」。我們要學的第一個習慣用語是:push around. Push somebody around這個短語從字面解釋就是把一個人推得團團轉。你在學校的操場上有時會看到大男孩把小個子男孩當胸一推。他是在尋釁打架。我們也可以說: He's pushing him around. 不知有沒有人也在把你push around?你可能會說沒這回事,因為你已經不小了,但是push around並不光是指肢體行動或者動武,有時辦公室的上級不必動手也會把下級push around. 他的手段可能是高聲喝令,或者為了雞毛蒜皮的小事動不動就發脾氣等等。我們接下來要看的就是這樣一個例子: 例句1:I'm sick of Mr. Jones pushing us around. I'm going to find another job, and when I do, I'll go in and tell him what I think of him and then slam the door on my way out.他說:我實在討厭Jones先生這樣擺佈欺負我們。我要去找新工作,找到後,我會到他辦公室去告訴他我對他的為人有什麼看法,然後走出來的時候把他的房門重重地關上。聽了這段話裡,你可以體會push around有仗勢欺人的意思。我們要學的第二個帶有push這個詞的習慣說法是:pushover, Pushover是復合詞。Pushover是指容易接受他人影響或者聽從勸告的人。有時pushover也可能是個軟心腸又富有同情心的人。例如我們下面要說的Peter就是這樣一個人: 例句2:My friend Peter is a pushover for anybody in trouble. Yesterday on our way back from lunch he saw an old man begging. And he immediately handed him a ten-dollar bill.他說:我的朋友Peter對受苦的人心腸很軟,昨天我們吃了中飯回來的路上看到一個老人在乞討, 他馬上給了那老人十美元。從這段話可以看出pushover也可以解釋軟心腸的人。 我們要學的第三個習慣用語是:when push comes to shove. Shove, 它的意思是使勁猛推,舉動往往還帶點粗暴。我們剛才說過push意思只是「推」,顯然shove動作的強度要大得多,情況也來得嚴重。when push comes to shove意思就是面臨最後緊要關頭、沒有任何迴旋餘地的時刻。 例句3:Mr. Blank is getting a lot of letters and phone calls from people on this bill and he won't say how he'll vote. But when Congress votes Tuesday and push comes to shove, I think he'll vote in favor of it.他說:Blank先生收到了好多有關這個議案的信和電話,只是目前他還不願意表態,然而到星期二國會表決的時候他可就沒有絲毫迴旋餘地了。我認為他將投贊成票。
-
The Power of Traditions
A few weeks ago, I was lucky enough to go to the "Caterpillar Dance" for students at National Quemoy University, with a friend who told me about it. The "Caterpillar Dance" is an annual tradition where the college's freshmen from each department partake in an intense dance competition against the other departments. Each performance has to be nine minutes long, and involves a lot of costumes, coordinated dance moves, and musical mash-ups. Seeing an important university tradition in a non-American university setting was interesting. Going to this event reminded me about the traditions at my own college, Wheaton College in Norton, Massachusetts. I remember very vividly, my first night as a freshman. We were ushered into the campus chapel where upper classmen filled the other seats, screaming and yelling with excitement. The way the freshmen at NQU were cheered on by their departments brought a fond memory. At Wheaton after the yelling subsided, the upperclassmen told us about stories and traditions that were important. One tradition involves the very doors to the chapel. The tradition says that you are not allowed to walk through the front doors until you become a senior. If you break this tradition, something terrible will happen to you to keep you from graduating. A similar tradition says that you cannot sit on the steps of the library before you are a senior. If you sit on the steps before your final year of college, senior students have the right to throw you into the campus pond. I never saw this happen, but I would not be surprised if it had. Another tradition involving the pond that says you must swim across it before you graduate, otherwise, you will have bad luck after graduation. I never did this, for many reasons, including the dirty appearance of the pond. So far, I haven't encountered too much bad luck since graduation, and I'm hoping it stays that way. Many seniors decide to fulfill the requirement of swimming across the pond during our Candle Lighting Ceremony. On one of the first nights of freshman year, each freshman receives a candle to light as they stand around the pond. The ceremony is beautiful, watching the little lights twinkle across the campus. Less beautiful is the fact that sometimes the older students push the younger ones into the pond. During the last week of school for senior students, each senior takes the candles they received as freshmen and lights it one last time before sending it floating across the pond. The night I lit my candle it began to rain. Unceremoniously, I threw my candle into the pond, barely lit, and ran to find shelter from the rain. Though the event was not as beautiful as I had hoped, it was my last chance to fulfill a Wheaton tradition and I am so glad I did. Some of these traditions may seem silly, and in reality, they are fairly ridiculous. But there is something about traditions that help make a community out of strangers. As freshmen, we were all strangers. By the end of the night, after lighting our candles and trying not to get pushed in the pond, we all shared an important experience as a community. I think the dance competition for NQU did the same thing. It brought the new freshman together through a silly, strange tradition, and that in itself is incredibly powerful. 『本專刊由<金門日報>編輯部與學術交流基金會(傅爾布萊特交換計畫/Fulbright Taiwan)共同策畫製作』
-
Adventuresin Crab Fishing
I was in disbelief when my friend, Matt, invited me to go crab fishing. Me, of all people, fishing for crabs? Yes, I had some fishing experience as a young girl, holding a dirty worm as bait between my fingers, careful not to crush the poor thing. But in Minnesota, a state with no immediate access to the ocean, plain old fish is the closest thing to seafood that we have. In the end, crab fishing sounded fun, and I was up for a challenge. Once it got dark, Matt picked me up and brought me to Shangqi Elementary school in Little Kinmen, where his LETs (local English teachers) were waiting. They were ready to fish, and already had buckets and fishing nets attached to long and short bamboo sticks. They also had flashlights because, after all, this adventure was late-night fishing. We drove our scooters into the darkness towards Qing Yuan Lake and felt the wind against our skin. The air was humid, but had a light coolness. It feltlike a great night for fishing. After we arrived, the LETs immediately started to flash their lights onto the surface of the lake, near the shore. Matt and I were unsure of how to act, so we followed them with our flashlights. Within a minute, one of the LET's husbands yelled out to us. He had already found a crab! At first, it was difficult for me to see the crab - I wasn't sure what I was supposed to look for. But then I saw a nice round crab, sitting on a rock near the bridge. I couldn't believe it. Was the crabyelling to us, "Catch me, catch me!"? We were high above, so the LET's husband climbed over the bridge railing and steadily moved himself closer to the crab. He took the long fishing nets and with one swoop, captured the crab. We cheered and whooped at his swift and expert-like technique. This first crab ended up being our biggest catch of the night. For the next hour we scavenged under bridges, in streams, and under rocks looking for crabs. The longer we hunted, the better we became at finding crabs. The ones under rocks were sometimes hard to catch because they would dig themselves intothe sand. When we tried to capture them in our nets, they would try to claw themselves out, causing Matt and me to squirm. As we made our way towards the beach that overlooked the metropolitan lights of Xiamen, we also saw shrimp jumping in the streams, and little white crabs skittering away into the moonlight. We caught around nine crabs and took them back to Shangqi to share with the other teachers. One of the LETs cleaned them and snipped their clippers off, allowing Matt and me to safely hold them as we posed for a picture. To cook them, she simply steamed them in a rice cooker, adding a splash of rice wine. Crab had never tasted as satisfying, having put so much work into catching them ourselves. Crab fishing is one of many unique cultural experiences that I have been fortunate enough to experience here on Kinmen. I doubt I would have such an incredible experience anywhere else. These experiences not only push me to be more adventurous but also leave me wanting more. Who knows what I'll be able to try next? Octopus fishing, anyone?
-
Learning Ukulele Without Language
When I moved to Kinmen in August, I had never taken a class in Mandarin. Knowledge of Chinese was not a requirement of my teaching grant, but I expected to encounter language barriers during my stay here. What I had not anticipated was the magnitude of these barriers. I quickly found that knowing Chinese was a very important tool for ordering food, getting directions, buying movie tickets, and most other interpersonal interactions. The simplest every day tasks required me to know some Chinese. As such,language--and the awareness that I did not share a common one with most of the people around me--has become a topic that is important for most of my day-to-day interactions. When I consider dinner, I not only have to think about what I want to eat, but also which restaurant may have an English menu or meals that I am already familiar with and can easily identify. My job as an English teacher has also put language at the forefront of my mind. I love working with students and trying to find ways for English to make sense. Explaining English grammar, however, is harder when the teacher does not share a language with the students. One of the reasons why I love teaching is because of this challenge of trying to help students understand a concept in an unfamiliar language. This is difficult work, but once they do understand, it is very rewarding. Understandably, language occupies my mind during school whether I am planning English lessons, trying to convey those lessons to my Chinese-speaking students, or attempting to learn Chinese words on breaks. On breaks between classes, the teacher-student roles are sometimes reversed. Students, try to teach me useful Chinese words such as "water," "eraser," or "pen." There is never a moment during my workday where language does not occupy my thoughts, whether it is Chinese or English. I started taking ukulele classes at the community college a few weeks ago. I am not good at the instrument, but the classes have become one of my favorite parts of living on Kinmen. I love learning the ukulele. Unlike learning Chinese, if I do not master it, it will not affect my ability to talk to people, order food, or get a taxi. There is no pressure behind learning. Additionally, it does not matter that I do not speak Chinese when I learn ukulele. Music is the same in every language, and learning ukulele is the first thing I have done in Kinmen that is not affected by English or Chinese. In a way, the ukulele makes me feel even more connected to the community. I think there is something very relaxing about being immersed in the Kinmen community with no pressure to converse in Chinese or teach English. Instead,we all get to struggle learning something as simple as "Twinkle, Twinkle, Little Star", in the shared language of music.
-
英文原來這樣說 (English is A Piece of Cake)
租屋啟示錄 不管在國際劍橋博思(BULATS)或國際職場語言能力檢測(TOEIC)對於租屋部份的考題都佔有相當比重,因為牽涉到公司運作和空間佈局,以及各市場的營收狀況,都是年年必考的題目。而其實最常見到的單字就是Lease(v.)租賃/租出: "Lease," contracts. A lease is a written agreement under which a property owner allows a tenant to use the property for a specified period of time and rent. (租賃關係就是以雙方同意下的合約關係,在財產持有人同意房客在約定期限內使用合約內所規範之財產的租借關係。) 那我們就一起來看看相關表達用語→ terms /conditions/ provisions (n.)條約;premise(n.)經營場地(所有地區);regulation(n.)法規;stipulation(n.)約定規範;Party (n.)(甲乙)方;infringement of +N (n.)違反…./damage(n.)損害;compensation(n.)賠償;tenant(n.)房客;utility fee(n.)水電費;leaking(n.)漏水狀況;the crack of the tiles磁磚的裂縫 想必靠近年底都會有些生活上的安排和變化吧!說到人生第一個脫離舒適圈的機會就是搬去外頭租房子,開始獨立生活享受屬於自己的小空間,幻想著自己悠閒起床、優雅喝咖啡還可以悠哉地煎著法式吐司展開有活力的一天,下班後還可以和三五好友一起聚聚。進入大學生活最期待就是擁有自己的獨立空間,可以在牆壁放上自己喜歡的裝飾品和精心佈置的動線,但其實租房子本身需要很多「眉角」,要是沒有謹慎挑選和觀察可是後患無窮,甚至會讓你血本無歸。上班族也常因為工作機會都要遠赴他鄉上班或是被調派(transfer)到其他部門支援,這樣在外頭租屋的機會大增,但確實有很多陷阱(trap)要注意。 【白紙黑字才站得住腳:行銷術語別上鉤!】 當初和父親到了台北郊區大學附近想尋個好住處,這樣可以不用舟車勞頓。看到地址位於巷弄裡其實內心有點猶豫,認為空氣對流可能是個問題,但爬上二樓就立刻聞到舊房子的霉味(moldy),我往內一看是非常昏暗的走廊(hallway)。迎面而來是看起來很誠懇的房東(landlord)向我們告知:「這裡有很多朋友都很喜歡要一起入住喔!今天不確定應該會被訂走了喔!」、「同學,只要你今天確定要入住而且先繳押金和租金,我就不算你水費。」聽到房東如此貼心的優惠,當下我興奮地點頭如搗蒜(keep nodding),好像省到了不少錢(a great bargain),卻再入住第二個月的月初就收到了水費帳單,我非常困惑地致電房東了解情形,沒想到電話那頭冷冷地回應:「合約上寫得清清楚楚的,有哪條說不用水費?」讓我啞口無言,如果合約上若沒有清楚紀錄或是錄音存證,單純口頭承諾在法庭上爭議性極大。而且承租期間,房東不得以開放參觀環境或確認房況而擅自進入,這都是侵害隱私(infringement of privacy)等觸法的行為,千萬不能姑息。 【公電=公開來用電?】 大學畢業後,發現之前租屋的地點都是網咖或來往複雜的人潮,臉上也多了黑眼圈和過敏加重,於是決定搬到住宅區改善生活品質。挑選的房間中規中矩,也注意到別「大門對廁所」或「床腳別向門口」等基本風水,照明極佳價錢也合理,最後開心的入住。但我卻發現到對房的住戶都會佔用洗、烘衣機長達半天,而且還把住校男友的衣物也一併拿來清洗;最扯的是,房東的母親還拖著家裡被單到我這層樓(一樓)來進行清洗,導致「公共用水用電」部份大增,這點我非常積極反映應而且也有拍照存證,並告知如果沒有降低費用會聯合其他住戶告消基會,後來可能是房東自知理虧確實有改善,不然還不知道要吃虧多久呢! 【租屋必備小常識】 ●詳閱租賃契約後,並提出你認為有疑問的部份進行修改,減少可能爭議。 ●請房東提供身分證資料(戶籍地、居住地、姓名、手機與家電)並確認是否為房屋持有人(需提供房契),避免有二房東跟你收租金。 ●打聽好附近房價殺價空間才清楚,並且要詢問是否可以養寵物。 ●鑰匙可以自行多打一副,以免半夜找不到房東。 ●家裡有任何修繕都要通知房東親自處理和評估狀況。 ●寒假(年假)期間若有需要住宿,提早通知房東以免住宿大門上鎖。 ●不管房價多少都要詢問之前房客背景和狀況,以免仇家敲錯門。 ●注意大門有任何可疑份子或包裹,都要立即通知房東以免意外發生。 ●利用匯款繳房租的朋友,請保留明細並和房東確認,也多一份通聯記錄。 ●若擔心門屋本身有傾斜問題,可以帶彈珠或寶特瓶至於屋中測試。 最後小提醒,在租賃契約中都會提及「若租屋期間有任何損壞則沒收押金以利修繕維護,皆由房客負擔處理。」若是房間第一時間有發現「壁癌」、「燈泡未亮」、「牆壁龜裂」、「地板有不明凹陷dent或撞擊損壞」、「磁磚發霉發黃m」,都應該由房東來進行完整處理後才能進行合約,而房客也要先行拍照存證以免後續追討賠償費用,可別以為自己重塗油漆或當起水泥工是做善事,一旦擅自更改屋內設計裝潢都是違反租賃法的,所以第一時間都要跟房東做聯繫確認,保障自身利益。 < The Newcomer> Fiona was new to New Zealand. She came to New Zealand speaking only her native languages. (母語=mother tongue)She brought her 10-year-old daughter with her. She was all she cares most in the world. They found an apartment (租借公寓v.s.condominium自有住宅)in Brisbane and only stayed there for three months when a neighbor's golden retriever (黃金獵犬)jumped over the balcony. It ran toward her daughter and upon seeing this scary scene Fiona jumped to hold her daughter with arms and to get in the way (阻擋)of that ferocious dog. She was about to punch(重力撞擊) it in the nose and the dog turned around after sensing Fiona's anger. Terrified, Fiona took her daughter back to her room and stayed in the apartment for the whole weekend. Fortunately,(不幸地) they found a new place for them near the school which her daughter was going to attend. Unexpectedly, one day her daughter, Mina, kept coughing(咳嗽) and making some screeching sounds(尖銳聲音) from the trachea.(氣管) She has an asthma attack(氣喘病發)! Fiona knew that she has to buy a car, so she called up the Toyota dealer.(業務員) After deliberating(謹慎考慮) on the deal for nearly two hours, she made the lump-sum payment and drove home the new car. <生活小品:情緒篇> 人的心是我們喜、怒、哀、樂各種感情的源泉,因此「心」這個字出現在美國不少的成語和俗語當中也就不足為奇了.在大多數情況下,人心顯示出來的是人類感情善良的一面,例如慷慨.要是有一個人對你說:"Aw, come on -- have a heart!" to have a heart 要是從字面上來解釋那就會毫無意義了,因為每個人生下來都是有一顆心的.To have a heart 是一個俗語,它的意思就是「要求別人對說話的人表示同情,或者是要求別人幫助他」。下面我們要舉的例子是一個十六歲的男孩,在請求他的爸爸讓他用家裡的新汽車.根據美國法律,一個孩子到了十六歲,就可以通過考試拿到駕駛執照,也就是說可以開汽車了.在美國,凡是一個家庭裡有這種年齡的孩子,那你就會經常聽到這樣的請求.這個男孩子對他爸爸說: ●Hey, Dad, have a heart and let me use the new car; I have this big date with Jennie tonight. 這個孩子說:「爸爸,請你發發善心吧,讓我用那輛新汽車吧.我今天晚上請我的女朋友傑尼出去玩,這個約會可是很重要的呢!」一般來說,家長都不太願意讓孩子開自己的汽車,因為許多年輕人往往喜歡開車開得很快,這樣容易出車禍.即便事故不嚴重,修理汽車的價格也很貴.何況,十幾歲孩子由於事故而死亡的例子也不少。我們要舉的第二個例子是一個問朋友借了錢的人,在請他的朋友寬容一些時間: ●Charlie, I know I've owed you the hundred bucks for a long time. But, have a heart: give me a little more time because I really don't have it right now. 這個人說:「查理,我知道我借你 (向你借了) 一百塊錢已經好久了.但是,請你做做好事兒吧,再寬容我一點兒時間,因為我現在確實沒有這筆錢。」 下面我們要講解的一個俗語是美國人日常生活中經常用的:"cross my heart",Cross my heart 在中文裡的意思就是「保證」,「發誓」等.一個小孩兒會說:cross my heart 來讓你相信他說的話是真的.例如: ●Billy, cross my heart, it wasn't me who broke your bicycle. 這個孩子說:「比利,不是我把你的自行車弄壞的,我發誓。」 Cross my heart 這個俗語用的面是很廣的,不僅小孩兒常用,大人也經常用這個俗語.例如,有的談戀愛的人就用 cross my heart 來向對方表白自己的真情: ●Honey, cross my heart, I've never looked at another woman since the first day I set eyes on you! Believe me, that's the truth! 這個人對他的女朋友說:「親愛的,我向妳發誓,自從我見到妳以來,我從來也沒有對別的女人看過一眼,這可是千真萬確的。」 今天的內容也是非常豐富而且包羅萬象,也要記住用英文好好表現國民外交,幫助台灣走出國外讓更多人認識!大家最近有沒有好好認真的複習呢?。希望大家都可以快樂而且收穫滿滿喔! 『本專刊內容由王軒老師提供,並與本社編輯部共同策畫製作』
-
Chinese yo-yo bridges gap between two languages
When I learned that my school's specialty was the Chinese yo-yo, I did not think much of it. As a new English teacher at Jin Ding Elementary, my main focus was getting to know my schooland planning for my classes. I never imagined that within the first week of school I would get a Chinese yo-yo of my own, northat this instrument would serve a key role in my first few months. During the first few days of school I spent most of my Chinese yo-yo time watching. Their yo-yos seemed to spin so fast. The girls spun so gracefully as they tossed their yo-yos up and down, back and forth. Even the youngest students made it look so effortless. As I stood in the corner of the gym mesmerized, a group of younger students approached me and attempted to show me how to begin using my own yo-yo. The students giggled along with me each time the yo-yo fell off the string and rolled across the gymfloor. After patient guidance and instruction from our professional teacher I became steadier with my Chinese yo-yo. As my comfort level rose, so did my connections with the students. Chinese yo-yo became an unexpected way for me to bond with my students. Each day I look forward to break times when I can go to the gym and amgreeted by excited faces, amidst a background of colorful, flying yo-yos. It is a part of the day when my students and I can spend time together without the pressures and requirements of the classroom. The students see their teacher working hard to acquire a skill that is often difficult but also frequently rewarding. My own learning process with the Chinese yo-yo can be compared in many ways to my students' English education. Learning new things takes time, dedication, and most importantly failure. By witnessing their teacher go through the learning process, I believe my students feel more comfortable with me. They see that just like them, I too struggle with new things. They are there to show me new moves to try, laugh with me when I mess up, and cheer when I am successful. Inonly a couple of months the students have seen my own confidence grow, just as have I seen their confidence, skill, and comfort levels grow as well. Although most of our communication is limited to simple cheers, laughter, and smiles, my students take the lead as my teachers, and this has opened up a whole new world of communication for us. Now, the students feel more comfortable with me, and are willing to take more risks both inside the language-learning classroom and beyond. Without being able to speak each other's languages with proficiency, my students and I have found a way to communicate, and we have the Chinese yo-yo to thank for that.
-
Halloween in America
While many people in Taiwan are familiar with the American holidays of Thanksgiving and Christmas, there is one holiday that is often overlooked: Halloween. On October 31st, Americans dress in costumes and covertheir houses with Jack-O-Lanterns (pumpkins with faces) and spooky decorations. This is a time for laughing at things that usually scare us, such as ghosts, monsters, goblins, and skeletons. On the evening of October 31st, everyone, mainly children, puts on costumes, lights Jack-O-Lanterns, and prepares for an evening of Trick-or-Treating. Kids especially love this holiday because it gives them the chance to dress as their favorite monsters, super heroes, sports players, and characters from movies. A lot of work can go into planning for Halloween. First, you have to decide what you want to be for Halloween. You can be absolutely anything. There are stores that sell Halloween costumes, or you can make one yourself. If you make your own costume, it doesn't have to be too much work. Creating a Halloween costume is supposed to be fun, and it's a great opportunity to go shopping with friends at both Halloween stores and thrift stores. In weeks prior to Halloween, people get together to carve faces and other designs on pumpkins. But first, you have to choose a pumpkin. In America, there are a lot of pumpkin farms and in the fall, people can go to these farms and pick their own pumpkin. Some of them are very small, but some of them can be as heavy as nine kilograms. After you buy your pumpkin, it's time to take it home and carve it. Some places have pumpkin carving contests, where awards are given to people with the best pumpkin-carving skills. After buying or making a costume, Halloween night finally arrives! Kids of all ages walk around their neighborhood getting candy. Dressed in their costumes, they knock on their neighbors' doors and say "trick-or-treat!" and then receive a piece of candy. Although some people consider Halloween to be for kids, adults can also enjoy dressing up in scary, funny, or cute costumes. Many adults have Halloween parties. At these parties, hot apple cider, hot cocoa, apples dipped in caramel, popcorn and other treats are served. Some people gather around a campfire and tell scary ghost stories. People also enjoy watching scary movies that have ghosts, zombies, monsters, witches, and skeletons in them. Two not-so-scary favorite Halloween movies are "The Nightmare Before Christmas" and "It's the Great Pumpkin Charlie Brown." Although Taiwan doesn't celebrate Halloween as much as we do in the West, Halloween is still here, even in Kinmen. Every 7-Eleven store has Halloween decorations; cats, bats, owls, witches, and spider webs. Witches greet customers as they enter the store. And for anyone who really wants Halloween decorations and costumes, there are streets in Taipei that have stores full of all the Halloween essentials.
-
Breakfast in Taiwan and American
One of the first things I happily adapted to in Kinmen was the widely-available variety of breakfasts. When I arrived to the rural, isolated area of Ding Bao, the first place I found open besides the 7-11 was a breakfast store. In general, Taiwan is filled with convenient, ready-to-go breakfast providers that far exceed those in America. In the U.S., besides driving to a McDonalds or Starbucks to grab a breakfast sandwich and coffee, there are not many convenient breakfast options. However, here in Kinmen, I can count five or more open breakfast places when I walk down one block. One of the more surprising features of all these eateries is that they open early in the morning and close before lunch. In America, most breakfast providers stay open all day, offering different meals as the day goes on. The classic server of American breakfasts is the diner, which is usually is open 24 hours or very late into the night. These diners usually offer breakfast all day long in addition to typical items like burgers, sandwiches and pies. Also, breakfast is generally a sit-down meal. Although there are usually ways of eating on the go, breakfast, whether it is a bowl of cereal or eggs, is traditionally eaten at a table, probably because most standard American breakfast foods require a plate and utensils. In both Taiwan and the U.S. eggs are a common breakfast item, but Taiwanese eateries usually wrap their eggs in a savory green onion "pancake" or "danbing" so it can be eaten by hand. American egg dishes, whether scrambled or fried or in an omelet, are served on a plate with cured meats like bacon or ham, and with some potatoes like shredded hash browns or roasted home fries. All of these foods require utensils and a longer amount of time to eat. Additionally, I found that Taiwanese breakfasts rarely contain sweet items except in buns or in drinks like soymilk or black tea, and both can be consumed on the move. A significant portion of American breakfasts are devoted to sweet tasting foods. While there are several coffee shops in Kinmen offering waffles, I find they are treated more like a dessert item than as a morning meal. Other sweet breakfast dishes in America include French toast and pancakes, all of which require forks and knives. Despite all of these differences, Taiwanese breakfasts have become one of my favorite meals of the day. Theve's always something different to order, and the best of all, they're convenient and always delicious! Recipe: Overnight Oatmeal A recent trend in healthy American cooking, overnight oats are prepared the night before and don't require any cooking. This makes it an easy and almost ready-to-go breakfast! Be careful not to use instant oatmeal, since this will cause a mushy texture. 1 serving: 1/2 cup of old-fashioned rolled oats (not instant) 1/2 cup of milk (cow's milk or soy milk) 1 tablespoon of chia seeds (optional, but they absorb any excess liquid to prevent a mushy texture. Plus, they're very health, full of Omega-3 fatty acids, protein, and fiber). 1 pinch of salt I stir everything together in a plastic container, put the lid on, and place in the fridge overnight. You can also put it in a bowl, and cover it with plastic wrap. The next morning, I top the oatmeal with raisins, maple syrup or honey, and some more milk, and begin eating! The great thing about this recipe is how easy it is to customize. You can stir in yogurt for a thicker texture. For different flavors, you can add peanut butter, cocoa powder, jam, etc…
-
Interview with Xikou Soldier
I started my teaching assistantship in Little Kinmen two months ago, and have become comfortable with Xikou Elementary School. However if it wasn't for Thomas Yang (陽宗道), one of Xikou's soldiers, I would not have transitioned as smoothly. On my first day at Xikou, I found myself in a difficult situation. As an English teacher, I was nervous about only receiving responses such as "uhh" and "I don't know" from my students. Moreover, I was worried that any use of Chinese would be against the wishes of my school. But when Thomas entered my office and began to excitedly speak to me in fluent English, I immediately felt at ease. Since meeting Thomas, I have advised him about education in the US, discussed international politics, and tutored him in prep for his TOEFL exam. As I learned about Thomas's plans, I became curious about the process Taiwanese/Kinmenese citizens must undergo when planning for academia abroad. Thomas' journey inspired me to interview him in hopes that the community of Kinmen might benefit from his experiences: When did you decide that you wanted English to be an integral part of your career? Yang: When I was in university. Because I found out that I can use English to communicate with the whole world so I came to understand that English is very important. What has been your most impactful experience that brought you to this path? Yang: I guess it was when I was in my third year in college. I was a junior taking a course in international politics. The professor was very interesting and every time he would talk about foreign affairs it was like he was telling a story. This made it fun and easy to understand. While studying with him I grew to understand more about international relations. You just took the TOEFL in Sept 12. How was it? Was it harder or easier than you thought? Yang: It was about the same. TOEFL is a test in which you need to analyze broadly and deeply. The questions are not hard but you need to be careful because there are various ways they try to trap you. However, because of the exam's four different sections, it also allows you to get a good idea of your language level. The topics they use are very broad so you will gain an even broader understanding of English while studying for it. When learning English, what would you say was your greatest help? Yang: I think that I am very lucky because my parents were able to help put me in English environment. They sent me to cram schools and I once went abroad to study English in New Zealand for three weeks. I think the most important thing is to find an English environment outside of class. If you could suggest anything to other people looking to take a similar path, what would it be? The first thing would be to never allow your fear to keep you from trying something new. The second is to have a dream. I had many classmates that lacked a dream to motivate them and all they wanted to do was get a job after college. But if you stay motivated in school then you can surely achieve your goals. Thomas Yang(陽宗道), age 26, graduated from Soochow University in Taipei with a bachelor's degree in English language and literature and a master's degree in Political Science. He plans to work towards a PhD in Political Science at a university in the United States.
-
921─MotivationforEmergencyPreparedness
Author: Cassie Gross On Tuesday and Thursday, September 16 and 18, at 9:21 a.m., I followed my fellow co-teachers and students out to the field for a regular earthquake drill. While in Florida and Massachusetts we have mandatory drills, I never experienced an earthquake drill. In Florida, we only have fire drills and tornado drills. In a fire drill, each class has a designated location to meet outside of the building and away from the road. The locations are determined based on the closest exit door from the classroom. Students line up and are counted once they are outside to make sure everyone is out of the buildings. In the case of a tornado, students line up in an indoor hallway or take cover under their desks. They sit down on their knees and put their head down while covering their ears and head as best they can. We only practice the drills once a year and we rarely get feedback on how to make the process more efficient. In Kinmen, I watched as the kids hurried from their room towards open spaces carrying their backpacks over their heads. They lined up on the field, and gave their class role call to the head administrator. Later, I realized how different Taiwanese schools approach their emergency drills. I noticed and liked that the students in Taiwan practice the emergency drill several times and try to improve their performance based on comments from the previous drill. Coincidentally, I recently visited the 921 Earthquake Museum in Taichung. I was in shock roaming around the collapsed junior high school buildings. As I wandered through the school grounds, I was amazed by the power and severity of the disaster. The track was ripped apart, the buildings collapsed on each other, and the metal framework was bent at horrifying angles. I was on the other side of the world when the earthquake occurred on September 21, 1999, but when I was at the museum I felt like I was living through a small part of the earthquake. The museum provides vivid reminders about the consequences of large magnitude earthquakes and insightfully urges visitors to be more knowledgeable about evacuation and protection techniques. After returning to Kinmen, I couldn't help picturing the effects a terrible earthquake could have at my own school. I now appreciate the precautions Taiwan has taken to protect students in case of an earthquake. When the schools practice their earthquake drills at exactly 9:21 am, the earthquake warning system goes off not only to remind us of an earlier disaster, but also to call us to preventative action against future disasters.
-
CulturalExchangeisGiveandTake
Author: Matt Klinkel Part of our purpose as Fulbright English Teaching Assistants (ETAs) is to help Taiwanese teachers and students learn English and better understand American Culture during our year here. However, another purpose is to help us better understand Guoyu and Taiwan's place in the world. At its best, this exchange allows both parties to cooperate, despite our differences, toward the realization of our mutual interests. Fulbright's co-teaching model, where English teachers and local Taiwanese teachers work together in one classroom, exemplifies this cooperation. American and Taiwanese teaching styles are different, which leads to many roadblocks and difficulties. These must be overcome, but co-teaching also unites us through our mutual desire to educate the children in our schools and to give them more opportunities in an increasingly globalized world. There are many ways for me to give and take during my exchange program in Taiwan. For example, I give by spending sixteen hours a week teaching first through sixth grade English courses at Shangqi Elementary in Little Kinmen, in addition to six hours spent at Kinhu Elementary's immersive English Village. Several other foreign teachers and I will be holding English conversation tables for the local teachers in Little Kinmen as well. This will help the teachers with a more nuanced understanding of American English intonation and pronunciation, which will benefit their English students now and in the future. One common difficulty in learning English as a foreign language is that learners tend to study formal English and do not have the opportunity to engage in casual conversation with native English speakers. These conversation tables will help teachers learn to speak more casually and informally. This is a valuable skill for making friends and carrying on day-to-day conversations with English speakers. There are also myriad ways for me to learn, or "take" here in Taiwan. Many teachers at Shangqi do not speak English, but my Chinese allows me to interact with them. We can go out to dinner and even go to their houses to play Mahjong. I am slowly making my first Taiwanese friends. Navigating this experience helps me feel more welcomed in Taiwan and teaches me more about modern Taiwanese culture. On Thursdays, I will volunteer at the Shanwai Hospital emergency room. This experience will give me insight into healthcare and related issues in Taiwan. Finally, I learn through auditing my students' non-English classes. When I have time, I sit in on math, social studies, and science classes. I even participate in sixth grade Chinese literature and try to complete the readings. Experiencing non-English classes provides me a more holistic understanding of education in Taiwan, both systematically and culturally. More importantly, I think it shows my students that I have a genuine interest in better understanding their lives, culture, and language. I have as much to learn about language and culture as I have to teach.
-
英文原來這樣說(English IsA Piece of Cake)
歡迎大家再次鎖定英文學習專欄English is A Piece of Cake,老師今年特別推出多益考證相關的專欄也獲得很多同學的支持和鼓勵喔!還記得我們利用找出『短篇文章找主旨』、『精采換句話說單元』和『飯店旅館英文上下篇』,讓同學可以比較真正的國際專業英檢考照用字和平常教科書或時常閱讀的英文讀物之間的差別用法囉!今天,老師要介紹一篇非常感人的文章,是由英國小學的校長所寫給同學的鼓勵信,認為大家不應該只是針對學期成績而衡量自我的價值而是用多方面肯定學子在藝術上、人際相處上、時間投資上,用更體貼細心的口吻來讓孩子快樂成長而不被制式的成績限制出自己的喜好和熱情,那我們就來一起看看這非常有意義的感人書信吧! Dear Charlie Owen: Please find enclosed your end of KS2 test results. We are very proud of you as you demonstrate huge amounts of commitment and tried your very best during this tricky week. However, we are concerned that these tests do not always assess all of what it is that make each of you special and unique. The people who create these tests and score them do not know each of you-the way your teachers do, the way I hope do, and certainly not the way your families do. 親愛的歐文查爾斯: 在此附上你學期成績單,我們非常驕傲你在充滿挑戰的本週中,投注許多熱忱和盡力表現自己。然而,我們確實很關心這些測驗其實無法測量出令你們如此特別和珍貴的特質。出題和評分者不像你的老師們如此認識你們,能以我所期望的看待你們或是像你們的家人般熟識你們。 They do not know that many of you speak two languages. They do not know that you can play a musical instrument or that you can dance or paint a picture. They do not know that your friends count on you to be there for them or that your laughter can brighten the dreariest day. The do not know that you write poetry or songs, play or participate in sports, wonder about the future, or that sometimes you take care of your little brother or sister after school. 他們不知道大部份的學生可以說兩種語言;他們不知道你可以演奏樂器;不知道你會跳舞或畫圖;不知道你受到朋友高度的信賴,因為需要幫忙時你義不容辭;不知道你的笑容總讓糟糕的一天充滿喜悅;更無法得知你會寫詩詞或歌曲、參與許多運動、對未來有無限憧憬、下課後有時也照顧著你的弟妹們。 They do not know that you have traveled to a really neat place or that you know how to tell a great story or that you really love spending time with special family members and friends. They do not know that you can be trustworthy, kind or thoughtful and that you try. Every day, to be your very best…the scores you get will tell you something, but they will not tell you everything. So enjoy your results and be very proud of these but remember there are many ways of being smart. 他們也不知道你已經去過很酷的地方旅遊;不知道你說出的故事超精采;不知道你很喜歡和親密的家人朋友一起共度時光;更不了解你嘗試要個相當可靠、仁慈和相當貼心的人。每天你都盡力表現最好,你收到的成績或許可以告訴你課業哪些還可以補強,但這並不代表一切! 所以好好享受你的成果而且要對自己非常驕傲,但也要記得這世上有很多方式可以表現你的聰慧! →從小就強調自身的特質發展教育,很值得我們學習喔! 現代人不只害怕當『窮忙族work overtime, get under-paid』也還怕天天醒來就是要錢,三餐餐費、交通燃料、保險醫療、聚餐娛樂、衣物行頭添購和如雪片般飛來的帳單鋪天蓋地而來,比哈利波特收到的入學通知單還多呀!學習語言最怕就是相似字,表面意思好像可以互通但其實使用的時機根本不同。所以今天Brian老師要細心整理有關中文解釋上「費用」的系列單字,看似很簡單但學問可大了。或許從小你都知道bill帳單但是指紙鈔或法案,而你有看過常在各大展覽會中的concession fee?還是你知道中文的「水電費」該怎麼用英文表達嗎?以下老師替大家整理的字組:Charge vs. Cost vs. Fare vs. Fee vs. Price vs. Rate。它們的用法依不同的場合、情況會有使用上不同的,而且通常不可互換! charge (v.)(n.):殺價常說: You are overcharging me.你在敲我竹槓嗎?=That's a rip-off. 充電/審判/衝刺/索費/費用 通常泛指某項服務或產品必須收取的費用。 例句:There is a 5% additional charge if you pay by credit card.(=plastic) 中譯:刷卡的話,要多收百分之五的費用喔。 常見字組搭配 (collocation): free of charge(=complimentary)→旅館篇特別介紹的complimentary breakfast免費早餐 補充:有時可與 fee 互換使用,例:legal charge/fee法律訴訟費, admission charge/fee入園/入場/入學費用, bank charge/fee cost (n.): 較籠統的花費總稱,而昂貴的可以用costly/pricy來介紹 Costco常見的好事多購物中心,注意其發音之外,也有個有趣的背法,進去這個商場就會Cost你很多coco(小孩子很愛說的「錢錢」);而同學知道咖啡龍頭星巴克的英文由來嗎?Star(星星)+Buck(塊=dollar)s →希望企業賺的錢可以像星星般的無限多啊,可說是非常有企圖心的企業呢! 通常指購買某物品、做某件事或使用某服務的總花費。 例句:I've calculated the cost of the trip to Europe, and it's over NT$300,000. 中譯:我算出這次去歐洲旅遊的費用了,總共超過台幣三萬塊錢。 TOEIC熱愛考法:at the cost of…………=at the expense of以......為代價或犧牲 EX.: Dexter finally got the chance to work in the Swedish office at the cost of years of efforts without socializing with friends/family or taking a short break. (德克斯特犧牲了多年所有和親友聚會和短期旅遊的時間,德克斯特終於爭取到去瑞典分公司工作的機會。)→想想也是挺可悲的pathetic!! 常見字組搭配 (collocation): high/low/full/total/extra cost, rising cost, at no extra cost, Fare (n.):What's the fare from Lyon to Marseille by train?(請問從里昂到馬賽的火車票費用是多少呢?)上計程車前一定要告訴對方:By Meter(照錶跳)省得有糾紛喔! 搭乘交通工具的費用, 如車、船、飛機票。 例句:Brian didn't have enough changes for the bus fare, so he walked all the way home.中譯:大可愛布萊恩不夠零錢付公車車票,因此他就一路走回家。 →這個時候你就會非常想跟公車司機說"Have a heart!"or"God, Mercy me."請你發揮點良心,可憐可憐我吧!大概比較適合有靴貓眼的朋友來用。 常見字組搭配 (collocation): bus/air/rail/train/cab/taxi fare, reduced fare, standard fare補充:Fare 與 Fair 的發音相同,在英聽上要特別注意! →老師用個句子讓大家好好背誦: The cab fare is not fair so that I would refuse to pay.(計程車費用太不合乎道理了,所以我拒絕支付。) Fee (n.): 規定費用(跟百貨公司的不二價"Fixed Price"很像),ex.: parking fee 入場費、註冊費或某項專業服務, 如醫療、法律收取的費用。 每到一個國家我都會習慣去當地的博物館或文史館系列了解背景文化,這樣到各處都會有非常有連結感。記得到歐洲荷蘭英文童書展,只要是學校老師都能夠「專業人士」特惠價,但因為準備行程太匆促來不及申請相關文件,於是我就用非常動人的英文告訴對方"I traveled all the way here from Taiwan, an island full of hospitable residents and diverse cultures and I am on the mission of bringing the latest information and knowledge back to my hometown and school as the English teacher. Please bend the rule(打破慣例) for me once, and I will appreciate your help so much!"就這樣說之以理、動之以情,老師破例拿到了Concession Fee for Teachers=就是教職人員的特惠入場價格喔,法律之外也不外乎人情呢!例句:Sarah will definitely sue her previous company for not covering her health insurance fee and benefit package regardless of how high those legal fees will be. 中譯:不管訴訟費用有多貴,莎拉一定會告前公司沒有合法付給健保費和履行基本福利方案。常見字組搭配 (collocation): registration fee, membership fee Price (n.): 也有付出「代價」的解釋喔!The price is really high.這代價是非常高的! 商家本身定下的價錢(通常比成本價高很多)。 例句:To celebrate the grand opening, all items are half price for the opening week. 中譯:為了慶祝本店盛大開幕,開幕週全商品半價。 常見字組搭配 (collocation): high/low price, prices go up/rise/increase/soar, prices go down/fall/drop, prices fluctuate, a price rise/increase Rate (n.): 會隨市場情勢波動(fluctuation)或淡旺季(low season/ peak season)有調整的費用。所以去到飯店網站上都有" Accommodation Rate"而不是Fee,老師有在飯店篇很詳細介紹囉!記得要好好複習內容,才能舉一反三。 通常依照使用的「時間」或「量」來計算某項服務收取的費用。 例句:What's the rate for a double room on weekends? 中譯:你們週末一間雙人房是多少錢? 常見字組搭配 (collocation): the going rate (一般市價), special/reduced rate, hourly/weekly rate Fine (n.): 法律的罰金(或罰單),如果是判決下來的罰責可以說penalty。而如果是保釋金可以說:bail(n.)(v.)把某人保釋出去可以說:bail someone out 依法律定奪下的罰鍰,基本上繳交給政府。 例句:George had to pay £100 in parking fines first before his car could be released from the car compound. 中譯:在 George 可以從拖車場取車前,他必須先繳清100英鎊違規停車的罰鍰。 Rent (v.)=lease (n.): 房屋的租金。【美】也可當其他租賃費用。 例句1:Brian pays his rent at the beginning of every month. 中譯1:Brian 每個月月初繳他的房租。 例句2:The boat is very popular, and the rent is only $20 an hour. 中譯2:這船很受大家的歡迎,而且租一小時只要20元美金。 例句3:The total cost includes accommodation and car rental.(British English) 中譯3:這總價包括了住宿及租汽車的費用。 想必同學非常喜歡今天豐富的內容吧,把感人的書信好好唸過幾遍也可以提升自己的口說能力喔,當然也要把老師用心整理的內容讀熟,學習英文非難事只怕有心人(Where there is a will, there is a way.)!那我們下次再見囉!
-
The Differences between Public Primary Schools in America and Kinmen
When I compare public primary schools in America and Kinmen, I reflect on my experiences teaching first grade in America, my time at Bor-Tsuen Primary School in Kinmen, and anecdotes from fellow English Teaching Assistants about their current schools. Here are a few of my observations. The economic backgrounds of my students certainly play a role in these cultural and educational differences. For example, my public school students in America came from working class families, which means that their guardians often worked in the food industry and in other menial labor businesses. Many of their families spoke Spanish, so there was a language barrier that impeded communication. My students in Kinmen come from nearby farming and fishing villages. Some of them have immigrated from mainland China, aboriginal Taiwan, and Thailand. Their families speak dialects, resulting in a language barrier between school faculty and student populace. There are a few key cultural differences between public primary schools in America and Kinmen that immediately stand out to me. The first is the structure of the buildings themselves. American schools tend to have all their classrooms connected by closed hallways, while on rainy days in Kinmen, I have had to take an umbrella from the office building to the classrooms, from the classrooms to the cafeteria since there are no connecting hallways to keep me dry. American school buildings typically have a heating system installed as well, so wearing a coat inside the classroom along with my students at Bor-Tsuen was a new experience. Another cultural difference is how the American school system views special education students. Cases of abuse are treated separately from students with developmental delays, learning disorders, and physical disabilities. On the other hand, in Kinmen, I was surprised when my student with emotional problems was taken out of the classroom as often as the boy who could not remember how to write his own English name for an entire semester (before I shortened it to four letters). Finally, maintenance for the entire school is typically the responsibility of employees in America. For example, the custodian mops the hallways and the groundskeeper sweeps the campus. In Kinmen, students play a role in the upkeep of school grounds. Another cultural difference is that in America, classes are supposed to start when the bell rings. Students should already be at their desks, waiting for instruction. In Kinmen, the bell signals that students are to come to class. Students who have not finished their beginning-of-the-day chore can continue even after the bell has rung. 『本專刊由<金門日報>編輯部與學術交流基金會(傅爾布萊特交換計畫/Fulbright Taiwan)共同策畫製作』
-
Empowerment through Dance
I have taken some different styles of dance class since I was three years old. Most of my training was in ballet and modern dance, which means I never studied any eastern styles of dance. I was excited to have the opportunity to study two styles of traditional Chinese dance under 董育欣老師 at the community college. I was very concerned about joining the class due to my limited Chinese conversational skills. In spite of this fear, I registered for the class. I joined a traditional Chinese dance class because in order to participate, I did not need to understand every word the teacher said. Many stories are told using dance, and I often feel that certain feelings can be better conveyed through movement than simply through words. Dance is a universal language through which ideas and emotions can be expressed. I was able to develop relationships and communicate with some women in the class through our shared interest in expression through movement. I did some research and found videos online of different examples of Dai dance and Mongolian chopsticks, the two classes in which I enrolled. Both styles are very different from ballet, so I was nervous when I arrived at my first class. My body is conditioned to move certain ways, and I naturally wanted to fall back into those ballet combinations. Most of the differences between Chinese dance and ballet centers on arm positions. In ballet, many positions require the palms of your hands to face inward when your arms are extended in front of or above your body. I found that in Chinese dance, particularly Dai dance, your hands face away from your body in those same arm positions. I also found Dai dance to evoke a more flirtatious feeling overall than most ballet or modern dance pieces. While I find ballet dancers to be exceptionally strong in addition to elegant, some pieces often evoke a sense of frailty that I have not seen in the Dai dances. I love that female strength is shown in Dai dance without losing a sense of coyness, which, to me, demonstrates an understanding of female power that comes without brute strength. I was not expecting to feel a sense of empowerment through studying Chinese dance. I have enjoyed the challenge of learning a new style of dance in a foreign language and also learning more about Chinese culture through the ideas and emotions conveyed through movement. Studying dance was a great way for me to be involved in the community, and I thank everyone from the class for making it such an enriching experience for me. 『本專刊由<金門日報>編輯部與學術交流基金會(傅爾布萊特交換計畫/Fulbright Taiwan)共同策畫製作』
-
英文原來這樣說 (English is A Piece of Cake)
上期老師特地整理了多益閱讀考題,讓各位同學習慣出題的模式和抓重點的訣竅,想必大家都如獲至寶吧!要多多複習和接觸不同英文的題材,讓自己對語言更敏銳接受度更高,久了你也會用英文來思考問題和句型結構了。說到這裡很多同學可能都要腦子過熱燒起來了,英文中的My brain is fried就是累到焦頭爛額的狀態,完全虛脫。好的,暑假能不開冷氣的同學就是跟超馬林義傑拼個高下,在家不沖個無限次冷水澡也很難了;而步出家門或公司,就是要口罩(mouth mask)、陽傘(parasol)、袖套(arm sleeve;咖啡杯的杯套是:cup sleeve很可愛吧!)上身,一秒變開喜婆婆的姿態了;請注意,要是帶小朋友到泳池千萬不要忘記擦上防曬乳(sunscreen/sun-proof lotion),燙傷(sunburn)和曬成古銅色(suntan)可是天差地別的,要是leave your children unattended(讓孩子沒人看顧)也是相當危險的事情,在機場如果看到沒人看顧的行李(unattended luggage/possessions)可就是大事了,萬一是爆裂物(explosives)就會釀成一場大混亂(turmoil/chaos)了。 出門就需要來杯涼快的礦泉水才能消暑是嗎?其實除了大家常見的霜淇淋或台灣特產剉冰(shaved ice),也可以多多嘗試台灣好吃又有文化底蘊的小吃。讓你的國外友人也可以好好享受在夏天時期也可以飽餐一頓呢!給我冷氣其餘免談!天氣炎熱而且外國朋友都紛紛到台灣這個美食寶島來大快朵頤了,除了用英文介紹美食來做國民外交也可以讓辛苦的老闆們輕鬆介紹用心美味的商品喔。那麼台灣小吃的英文拼法,大家知道哪幾個呢?讓Brian老師來小小分享一下: 1.仙草冰 Grass Jelly黑糖剉冰Brown Sugar Shaved Ice 2.滷味 Heated Braised Snacks→滷肉飯Braised Pork Rice(braise滷製) 3.大腸蚵仔麵線 Oyster and Pork intestine vermicelli(vermicelli義大利細麵) 4.大腸包小腸 Taiwanese sausage with sticky rice→Chinese sausage臘腸 5.鹽酥雞 Taiwanese Fried Chicken→炸雞排:Fried Chicken Fillet( fillet片;塊) 6.筒仔米糕 Rice tube pudding(沒錯:pudding不見得是甜點而是用口感棉密而得名)→英國餐廳赫赫有名的black pudding=豬血腸,韓國小吃糯米血腸雷同。 7.草仔粿herbal cake with sliced radish(sliced radish蘿蔔絲)→享譽國際挑戰性極高的「豬血糕」:pig blood cake with peanut powder(花生粉) 8.水餃 dumpling(dumpling只要皮包餡的食材都可以這樣稱呼。 台灣水餃通常有韭菜"leek"或泡菜"kimchi",外國友人可能會怕怕!要先說明。) 9.蒸餃 steamed dumpling→煎餃Pan-fried sticker(sticker就是包黏起來的食材,可別翻成"貼紙"囉。) 10.肉包 steamed bun with pork(飛機上的小餐包就是bun,注意尾音別閉起嘴說bum,這會變成炸彈啦!英文世界很常開玩笑說別在飛機上跟別人打招呼,特別是名字為傑克的朋友,因為「Hi +Jack=hijack(v.)劫機」,這可是有理說不清的窘境。 最近媲美台灣PTT的美國鄉民發表論壇Reddit提出一個很新奇的想法,我們來看看國外朋友的想法吧!問問自己你的抉擇和背後動機是什麼呢? Red pill makes you fluent in every spoken language. Blue pill makes you a master of every musical instrument in the world. Which do you swallow? (如果吃下紅色的藥丸可以讓你流利講出各國語言,而藍色藥丸可以讓你精通這世上每種樂器。你會選擇哪一個呢?) ●Red pill, travel the world. Listen to music played by people that swallowed the blue pill. It's a win-win situation for me (紅色藥丸,旅行全世界,聽著由那些吞下藍藥丸的演奏家們所表演的音樂。) ●You take one, have a friend take the other, travel together. (你吃一顆,朋友吃另一顆,一起出發吧!)→真是太聰明了吧! &還記得有明確兩者的文法嗎?one….and the other…… ●Chinese people can articulate 'l' and 'r' as separate sounds because their language also has these two sounds. You're thinking of Japanese people when you make this joke, as Japanese people have only one sound for both 'l' and 'r' and have trouble differentiating the two. (華人都可以明顯發清楚'l'和'r'的發音因為本身語言中就有這兩個音。但反觀日本人就無法做出區別了。)→強調互通語言後可以了解彼此的幽默笑點。 ●The language pill, obviously. Imagine all the opportunities. You apply for a job at some place where you know they speak different languages. You claim to speak ALL languages fluently. They took you in for an interview just to test and tease you a little. (當然是語言藥丸,想想這些好機會:你申請的工作地點大家都說著不同語言。但是如果你聲稱你會流利地說「所有」的語言,大概會被找出去面試然後讓他們好好挖苦一翻)→這是反諷美國社會對於種族差異和文化接受度還有很大進步空間。 <閱讀短文時間>:神奇小鎮 請同學仔細閱讀故事並且讀完!請在最後回答這個問題:What do you think that town could be? <相識的緣分> We've never seen Alex for ten years. Alex, Nate, Helen, Jack and I were best friends in high school. Alex was like the leader or the center of us. I mean, he was that kind of guy born to be a CEO, you know. He was too mature to be a high school student like us. His behaviors, his remarks…, everything he did was more like a father. And also, he was mysterious and…weird. He'd never mentioned about himself, his family or his past. He seemed to know nothing about baseball games, TV series, even news. <特殊見解和生活型態> And, he had no cell phone! He said that'd be not convenient. I remember we were all puzzled when hearing that. How could a cell phone be not convenient? Most strange thing was that he never explained to us how he could find those places and how he knew the "rules". Even until now, I still don't know how he could do that. Anyway, he was a nice guy, we respected him and trusted him, without knowing him too much. <舊時探險活動經驗> I doubt if anyone has the same experience as we do. When we were in high school, out of some silly blind bravery, we loved adventures. And Alex was the one who took us to different places for adventures. On a very early Saturday morning, we met up and headed to an unfamiliar direction to a town for, you know, an adventure. Alex said that town was over a tunnel. That reminded me of Silent Hill, a film just released at that time. Less an hour driving in woods, the tunnel was in our sight, Alex asked Jack to stop in front of it. We guessed he was going to tell us the rules. He always told us before really arriving those places. <行前遊戲規則說明> Normally there were just two. But this time, there was one more. Rule no.1: Keep yourself in team. Rule no.2: Don't mess up with those people and anything there. (That means no eye contact, no touching and no answering/talking back, etc.) Rule no. 3, which, is the most important one: Don't think of ghosts! NEVER, EVER! This was definitely hard to Nate. We all knew that and Nate, himself, knew that too. He loved ghost stories, but weird thing was, he was actually not that brave. (sorry to say that.) <旅程開始:未知的隧道> As cars driving in the tunnel, I found it was actually shorter than I expected because the end of it was not very far from us. There were already many cars in the tunnel, and they were oddly all still and empty, their taillights were dimmed, like abandoned for a while. Alex opened the door, got out of the car and said, "Don't worry. The town's just outside. Let's walk there." Nate and Helen got out of the car to join us. It only took us about fifteen minutes to walk out. It was cooler and humid. The town was in old style. I mean, the restaurants, the shops, the houses. People there were in that kind of old fashioned clothes like what your granny or grandpa would wear. It was amazing. 「So… you took us back to the past? I mean, is all this time travel thing?」 Helen asked. 「No.」 Alex answered. Residents there were like those we'd met in other adventures before, they couldn't see us, hear us or feel us. So we had to be really careful anytime, those men, stray dogs or even cars might bump into us. And that would violate rule no.2. <踏入桃花源:時光旅行?> There was a nice house, two children were playing on the front porch, and Jack entered the house successfully without making any noise and we followed him carefully. None of them noticed us. There were a man and a woman chatting happily in the kitchen. I guessed they were the parents of kids outside. Jack went downstairs from second floor and looked bored. When we were in the living room, watching a TV show we'd never seen before, the wife suddenly bumped into Helen. She took few steps backward, intrigued while Helen was stunned with mouth opening. 「We need to leave now.」 Alex said. 哇!這篇精選短文充滿刺激讓同學都快忘了呼吸吧!今天學習到很多道地又活潑的敘述方法,這是很棒的閱讀過程,還可以了解不同文化觀點,校園故事有趣而且也重疊你我的生活經驗!下回有更多精采內容喔。 『本專刊內容由王軒老師提供,並與本社編輯部共同策畫製作』
-
Biking in the Great Outdoors of Kinmen
Before I came to Kinmen, I disliked being outdoors for extended periods of time. I could enjoy my favorite pastimes - reading, listening to music, and playing video games - indoors, while avoiding unpredictable weather and insects. However, my views on the outdoors have changed since I first arrived here. In the U.S., I went to the gym about four times a week. Although, I had intended to go to the gym regularly in Kinmen, my schedule and the distance to the gym made it difficult. Since I wanted to exercise regularly, I decided to rent a bike. Unfortunately, my dislike of the outdoors resulted in me only biking about once a month for my first six months in Kinmen. At the beginning of the spring school semester, I started to bike to and from school once a week. It was about 6.5 kilometers both ways and a hilly commute, which was challenging for a beginner biker. Although I was tired and sore after the first few rides, it was worth it because I noticed a lot of new things in the environment that I had never seen before. Even though I now occasionally arrive to school soaked in sweat or drenched by the rain, I have come to enjoy biking and seeing the natural surroundings of Kinmen. It is more beautiful when I see it up close rather than out of a bus window. Also, since I do not have a scooter, biking has allowed me to explore new areas in Kinmen that I would not have otherwise discovered. For example, one of my favorite biking adventures was when I biked from Shanwai to the top of Mt. Wuhu. From there I could enjoy the beautiful view of some of the villages in Jinsha. During the spring semester, I have biked over 500 kilometers. The recent opening of the new gym in Shanwai has allowed me to exercise on days the weather is not as conducive to biking. However, I have found that more often than not, I prefer biking over going to the gym. Although I would not say that I love being outside now, I do like it a great deal more than I ever thought I would. After biking so often here, I have decided to continue this hobby once I return to the U.S. However, in suburban Maryland, where I live, places are far apart and most people rely on driving to get around. Dealing with the traffic will make biking long distances quite difficult. However, I plan to bike occasionally in nearby neighborhoods and on forest trails. 『本專刊由<金門日報>編輯部與學術交流基金會(傅爾布萊特交換計畫/Fulbright Taiwan)共同策畫製作』
-
Parades
In early May, Kinmen celebrated the return of the City God to Kinmen. Confetti and spinning sedan chairs filled the narrow streets of Jincheng. Children dressed in elaborate costumes rode decorated carts through the streets while their parents beat drums and played trumpets. It's an event unique to Kinmen, but it was a parade similar to many around the world. Many cultures seem to share a love of processions and parades, and Taiwan and the U.S. are no different. Here is a rundown of a few influential parades that happen in America every year. The Macy's Thanksgiving Day Parade On Thanksgiving Day, while families are frantically preparing a huge meal and welcoming their families, the Macy's Thanksgiving Day Parade marches through New York City. As part of the tradition of New York, this parade is most famous for giant balloon floats, usually in the shapes of cartoon characters, making their way down the wide skyscraper corridors of the city. The Rose Parade The Rose Parade, in Pasadena, California, is held on New Year's Day. It serves as an introduction to the Rose Bowl, a huge American football game. The winter weather in California is very mild, so the parade floats are all covered in flowers, especially roses. Another feature is the teams of trained horses from all over the U.S., which are ridden with great skill and panache down Colorado Boulevard. Mardi Gras Mardi Gras is celebrated in New Orleans, Louisiana. Mardi Gras means "Fat Tuesday" in French and is the celebration that happens right before a six-week period of fasting in accordance to Christian tradition. The parade is part of a city-wide social whirl that includes feasts, masquerades, and endless parties. People wear elaborate costumes and masks. Everything is colored green, yellow, and purple, which are the colors of Mardi Gras. Well-maintained vintage floats are manned by Carnival Krewes, and dancers come from all over the world to participate. St. Patrick's Day St. Patrick's Day is celebrated in different towns and cities all over the U.S., only with different scale. St. Patrick's Day celebrates Irish-American culture, with celebrations of all things Irish and all things green (the main color of the holiday). Most major cities have a St. Patrick's Day parade on or around March 17th. The most famous parade happens in Boston. During this holiday, people enjoy the sounds of bagpipes, and watch as fountains (and beer) are dyed a fluorescent green. Each of these parades happens in a culturally distinct part of the U.S., and each has its own characteristics. Parades--whether in Kinmen or the U.S.--all have the same things in common--music, large gatherings of people, and an event worth celebrating. 『本專刊由<金門日報>編輯部與學術交流基金會(傅爾布萊特交換計畫/Fulbright Taiwan)共同策畫製作』
-
英文原來這樣說 (English is A Piece of Cake)
Please refrain from smoking in public!!請不要在公共場所抽菸),為什麼老師不用常見的prevent/stop/keep/ forbid A from B句型呢?其實同學在學習英文都會忽略「適切性」,其實真正的國際場合都會使用refrain….from….來勸誡對方不要進行某動作,這跟大家所知道的decline(拒絕)會比reject/turn down來得有水準多了!所以不只要學流利實用英文,還要學有『層次與各種語氣場合』的高檔次英文。常在捷運上看著從早到晚有空就拿起單字書猛K的高中生或社會人士,大家似乎都活在英文證照的壓力裡,嘴巴念念有詞地朗讀句子增加印象或是聽著mp3裡的廣播內容並凝視著遠方,時而皺眉時而有獲得新知的喜悅。老師在這十多年的教學生活中,往往都會看到努力的學生告訴我:「我單字量很足可是放進閱讀測驗我就是速度變很慢,看過就忘,到底要怎麼抓到文章的主旨呢?」老師聽到你們的困惑了,也提醒各位準備英檢或單純想加快閱讀速度的同學一定要「泛讀各類題材extensive approaches to various topics」,讓自己可以觸類旁通而且練習眼球橫向運動eyeball horizontal movements,這樣都是有利於加快作答速度,而且即使有不熟悉的單字也不要習慣先查再看,這樣是非常事倍功半,要學會看上下文context來推斷該單字的意思即可。畢竟英文的世界每天都有推陳出新的單字,不可能有背完的一天,抓出字詞常搭配的場合和相關詞彙,就可以大幅度的提升自己對英文的敏感度。 今天不僅要推出全新單元內容之外還要複習之前學過的內容,曾經錯過老師專欄或是之前內容有點生疏的同學,今天可是很有眼福喔!千萬別讓你的英文rusty(物體生鏽或技巧生疏的)老師就要用國際職場英文能力測驗TOEIC(多益)的題型來給同學找到方法、理解方法後,能夠在平常自己的大量閱讀中(multitude of readings)找到樂趣也可以在考試中節省時間並獲得高分。多益閱讀相關內容以國際學村出版系列用書的排版及閱讀內容技巧單元等等都有非常值得練習和增進自己能力的題目,文法的部份也是按照多益重點每年來做修編和更新內容,確實很推薦同學去參考。今天老師也特地編製整理一些經典題目讓同學練習,也歡迎同學挑選適合自己等級的書籍好好在職場英文有長足的進步喔!首先我想先請問同學對於同義互換字有沒有概念呢?不管等級再高的英文測驗中,聽力和閱讀測驗都會利用『意義相近』和『字詞替換結構調整』來讓考生進行判讀和選擇。 今天的專欄分為二大部分: (A)字詞替換練習學習法(B)閱讀短文並找出主旨 準備好你的筆來好好應戰了嗎?Let's get the ball rolling! ●字詞替換練習學習法: Part One:請選擇出可替換的說法 1.Requests for grant proposals申請補助金方案=_________ A. consult B. remind C. comprehend D. ask 2.Mr. and Mrs. Jones will be the potential customers for this apartment. =_________瓊斯夫婦可能成為這間公寓的購買客戶。 (A) addictive (B) prospective (C) possible (D) generous 3.This trip serves as the great encouragement for all employees. =_________ 這趟旅行是用來鼓勵所有的員工。 (A) frustration (B) advertisement (C) incentive (D) initiative 4.the follow-up information for my shipment. =_________關於我的貨物追蹤資料(A)vehicle (B)shipping (C) delivered goods (D) courier 5.This mail is attached with a letter of reference for college admission. =_________ 這封郵件附上大學申請入學推薦函。 (A) Dear John's letter (B) advise (C) resignation letter (D) recommendation letter 6.A sophisticated cell phone equipped with a stylish case and various applications. =_________這精密的手機上配備有型機殼和各種應用程式。 (A) experienced (B) intricate (C) jewelry (D) well-mannered 7.If I retain the receipts, my travel expenses will be reimbursed 如果我保留這些收據,我的旅遊支出就可以報公帳了。 (A) proof of purchase (B) cook book (C) photocopier (D) invoice 8. As the leader, you are supposed to know how to assign the tasks to each member. 身為一個領導者,你應該要知道怎麼分派工作給每個成員。 (A) designate (B) disappoint (C) design (D) delegate 9.Success depends on the participation of members.成功取決於職員們的參與度 (A) inconsistencies (B) proposals (C) engagement (D) caution 10.After the careful evaluation over your work performance, you will be entitled to a promotion to the Marketing manager. 在很謹慎評估你的工作表現後,你將獲得晉升到行銷部經理的職位。 (A) deliberate (B) temperature (C) review (D) judgment Part Two:渾淆字中翻英迷宮單元 1.出席者=A. attendant B. attendee C. anticipation 2.值得的(經驗)=A. colorful B. worthless C. rewarding 3.面試者=A. application B. candidate C. listener 4.新聞報導=A. coverage B. closure C. analysis 5.違反規則= A. infringement B.violent C.destruction 6.額外(較少)收益A. extra dividend B. additional bonuses C.marginal profit 7.解雇A. lay down B. kick-out C. lay-off 8.負債戶頭=A. outstanding account B. due report C. delayed payment 9.代表人員=A. receptionist (B) representative (C) concierge 10.某種說法= A. saying B. tale C. interpretation Answer Key: Part One: 1.D 2.B 3.C 4.C 5.D 6.B 7.A 8.D 9.C 10.C Part Two:1.B 2.C=fruitful 3.B=applicant 4. A=report 5.A 6.C 7.C 8.A 9.B 10.C 你答對多少呢?好好把錯的題目練習並且把相關單字用語查清楚喔! ●閱讀短文並找出主旨: 1. FortunateX Bank recently discovered that some clients who signed up for our special banking service have been paying an additional ATM fee. The second ATM fee will be reimbursed to our clients' accounts next week. A.Customers of the bank will no longer pay an ATM fees. B.The bank will pay clients through their bank accounts. 2. Protect-It zipper-lock plastic bags are effective at protecting anything from the elements. Ordinary plastic bags cannot keep water out, but Protect-It bags have a patented closure and material design that prevents moisture from entering the bag. A.Protect-It bangs can hold large amounts of water. B.Protect-It bags are made of weather-resistant material. 3. The Top two car companies are planning to trim production as the increasing cost of gasoline has caused a prolonged slump in sales of trucks and cars. Faced with an inventory pile-up, Diesel Motors and Townsend Cars will be cutting production by twenty over the next three quarters. A.Poor sales are causing top automobile manufacturers to cut production B.Reduced production can offset increasing gas prices. 4. Star Alliance, Inc. is looking for a degreed accountant or a CPA. The ideal candidate should have three to five years auditing and accounting experience. A.Knowledge of the newest accounting principles is required. B.A university diploma is a requirement for the job. 5. Roger Device in Seoul is in the process of acquiring US-Based Flexpoint, a multi-media technology company for mobile phones. Roger Device wants to be the dominant supplier for the mobile industry by using Flexpoint's technologies. A.Two companies have signed an agreement to produce mobile phones. B.Roger Device is buying out Flexpoint to gain control of the market. 6. To make your stay at the Paradise Beach Resort a pleasant one, please pay strict attention to our rules on cleanliness. Because it is costly and difficult to remove debris and spoiled liquids, guests who leave their huts dirty will forfeit the $ 100 key deposit for use of a hut. A.Customers will have to put down a deposit in case of damage to the room. B.The deposit will not be refunded if the hut is not left clean. 7. Management has noted some opposition to the proposal for the company's reorganization. To address your concerns, we will be issuing a memorandum that will provide answers to your questions. We hope that this memo will lay your worries to rest. A.A conference is being scheduled for management and employees. B.There is an existing plan to restructure the company. 『本專刊內容由王軒老師提供,並與本社編輯部共同策畫製作』
-
Teaching and Learning at the Vocational High School
Why study English? According to students at Kinmen's Vocational High School, there are a host of reasons.“English is an international language; it will be very helpful in my life.”said one junior. A senior added,“English is important to everyone. Also, it can help me find work, help me travel abroad, and help me make friends.” As an ETA, I currently have the opportunity to travel, make friends, and connect with another community. I must agree with the students; some of my best memories from this past year have resulted from my attempts to put myself out there and speak Chinese with neighbors and co-workers. This past year has been shaped by a give-and-take relationship between Chinese and English experiences. I try to speak Chinese in order to be able to connect more deeply with new friends. However, I also want to provide others with the opportunity to practice English with a native speaker. Since I spend my weeks teaching elementary school students, I wanted to experience working with older students as well. Thus, last semester, with the help of Fulbright Taiwan and the Vocational High School, I and two other ETAs began teaching a weekly English Club there. Our goal has been to help students practice English in an enjoyable, no-pressure setting. My favorite session (and the students' favorite as well!) was, of course, about food! The ETAs presented a cookie recipe and introduced the necessary ingredients. Then, students had to divide into teams to figure out how to bake according to the given recipe. Both sets of cookies were delicious; there was not a clear winner, which resulted in a tie between teams. However, the students weren't as satisfied as the judges. After a communal gasp and spirited applause at the presentation of the cookies, the students' faces crumbled slightly at the first bite the cookies were“too sweet!” One team stood out and perhaps won based on resourcefulness. The recipe required only egg whites, but one student took it upon herself to cook the leftover yolks into a delicious snack for everyone to enjoy (perhaps to wash down the sweetness)! Other lessons from this past semester included“How to Buy Milk Tea”“High School in the U.S. vs. Taiwan”“Taiwanese and American Fashions”and an English scavenger hunt. I sincerely hope that we have been able to enhance our students' English learning. What have I learned from the students? Most likely more than what we have taught them! I am inspired by our students' sense of initiative. This club was not required or forced upon any of the students. They show up each week because they have a clear goal to practice and improve their English. They remind me to identify and seek out opportunities and experiences that fit in with my own growth and goals.
-
Sailing through Summer
I can still remember the pastel pink and yellow flowers of the spring day when my Dad bought our sail boat. I was eight years old and had mixed feelings about the boat. On the one hand, it was awe inspiring to sit in its hull while my dad drove us through town with the sailboat perched upon a rickety trailer. On the other hand, it seemed to be a rather superfluous expense. I did not learn about my father's history with sailboats until many years later. It turns out that he used to work in Boston's shipyard furnishing yachts for the wealthy. He designed, carved, and polished the wood with his bare hands, yet never owned one himself. The 32 foot sailboat that was now a part of our family was not just a frivolous purchase. For him, it represented the end of serving others and the beginning of living life for himself. The boat was old and not well taken care of, but he fixed it up and even let me help with the painting. When we finally got it out on the lake where my aunt and uncle lived, I was excited. The sails were billowing beautifully in the wind, like clouds in the sky. The sun was shining, and I now wanted to learn how to sail. I let go of my doubts and whole heartedly hopped on board. I ended up having a fairly debilitating fear of sailing for the first few years that we had the boat due to a traumatic experience being caught in a thunderstorm. However, I eventually overcame my aquatic anxiety. Sailing then became a family bonding experience. The sailboat serves to remind me of a time when I would take turns reading Harry Potter aloud with my mother, or anchor the boat and swim in the lake. I recently learned that my father sold our sailboat. The news brought back a myriad of memories of summers past. I always remember the smell of smoke in the air as my uncle barbequed, or the soft grass under my feet in the yard by the dock. Mostly, though, I remember how we made a small home out on the water every summer.
-
Wind Lion Hunting
After hearing about all of the Wind Lions on Big Kinmen for several months, I talked with my co-teacher Charlotte Hung and 2nd grade teacher Avia Chao at my school 上岐. They told me that there used to be some sort of prize for people who visited all of the Wind Lions on the island. I had read a little about the "competition" on the Internet back in July 2013, but no one on Kinmen ever mentioned it. I figured that the competition either stopped or the website was wrong. Now, it turns about that people still explore Kinmen trying to find all of the Wind Lions as a hobby. It sounded fun and a nice way to see new parts of the island, so I decided to start "hunting" for as many Wind Lions as possible before I left in July. On weekends, with my map in hand, I'd hop on my scooter and try to locate as many statues as time or patience would allow. I found all of the Wind Lions in Jincheng and Jinning rather quickly in just one weekend. However, I was warned that the hard part was in Shamei because a large percentage of the Wind Lions were located in that township due to the northeast wind. I did not know that Shamei was the windiest part of the island, and, therefore, it needed the most protection. My first outing in Shamei proved to be the most frustrating because several of the statues are located in people's yards, inside walls, or even on rooftops. I only expected them to be placed in weird positions-I did not think that some would be miniscule in size or so deteriorated from erosion that they are barely noticeable. I didn't give up. With the help of locals and my limited Chinese-"風獅爺在哪裡?"-I located some of the more difficult ones to find in the small villages. The most difficult one to locate turned out to be an embarrassing example of lack of attention on my part. I drove by the statue several times, but never turned my head in the right direction. After 45 minutes of searching, I found it waiting for me out in the open. After a couple of weeks of "hunting" Wind Lions, my co-teacher Charlotte Hung told me that the map and book I used as a reference were outdated and that there were really over 100 statues, not 70-something. My heart dropped because I knew that I wouldn't have enough time to find them all-how could I find a statue that was not on a map? I did not give up because this newfound hobby showed me new parts of Kinmen. I began to understand the layout of villages and where the statues would most likely be found within one. I'll never get to see them all, but the journey is definitely worth taking.
-
My Cross-Cultural Karate Family
When I first moved to Kinmen as a foreign English teacher, my primary concern was learning how to teach. After a month in the classroom, I grew increasingly confident in my teaching abilities, and my new concern became how to live outside of school. Working with elementary school students can be mentally and emotionally exhausting in a way that left me wondering who I was besides "Teacher Sky." The answer to that came when I decided to become a student again. In October, I started to attend karate classes taught by two American brothers who are also foreign English teachers. Samuel and Ethan Bavido are both black belts trained by the American Bushido-Kai Karate Association (ABKA). The Bavidos share their martial arts expertise by holding classes twice a week for free as a form of Christian ministry. Students are of all ability levels and range in age from sixth graders to college students to working professionals. I began as a white belt at about the same time as two other students - a foreign exchange student from France and a National Quemoy University student in the English Department. The three of us became close friends, and after four months of training, we all passed our yellow belt tests. Our friendship began as we learned the Japanese names for stances and the proper technique for a front kick. We now get dinner together after class and hang out on weekends. I first joined karate class because I thought it would be good exercise. It has been. I had never tried a contact sport before and was surprised by how quickly I took to it. Karate is more about fighting defensively than offensively, but in order to practice good muscle memory, there is a certain amount of hand-to-hand contact required. At the beginning, the idea of exchanging blows with a fellow student felt strange. Now, months later, I enjoy when we spar because it gives students of all ranges a chance to exercise their skills in an un-choreographed manner. This particular karate class is more than practice and routine. It is also definitely more than sparring and light exercise. ABKA is a cross-cultural community that I am proud to be a part of. It's the people involved who have made this class a consistent highlight of each week. White belt (beginner) ABKA classes are offered at 18:30, Monday and Thursday at the Jincheng Junior High School gym. Upper belt class (intermediate-advanced) are directly after, beginning at 19:30.
-
英文原來這樣說 (English is A Piece of Cake)
旅館英文第二篇到囉!當旅行計畫在腦海醞釀時,很自然都會想到「住宿」問題和早就盼望已久必逛景點或美食,但如果沒有選擇適合的住處可是會讓這趟精心策劃的假期大打折扣了。有鑒於此,我也開始從沙發客網站接待許多國外的朋友和各地的老朋友到家裡體驗台灣生活,你只要準備convertible sofa就可以在不佔空間又可以和老友暢快的聊到深夜了! A convertible sofa has a mattress underneath that can be pulled out at night to sleep on. 所謂的convertible sofa就是伸縮沙發(床),平時是在客廳看電視的軟鬆座椅,晚上客人就可以睡在這裡很寬敞也不影響主人的作息或去擠主臥房(master room),記得復活節(Easter)時到朋友家過節就是睡在convertible sofa上一夜到天明,到現在都還很感謝他們如此體貼又好客的招待;而常攜帶收納方便的摺疊傘就是convertible umbrella(=reflective umbrella)喔,但是好像無法承受(withstand 103年指考單字)太大風雨的襲擊呢!! 老師也非常喜歡到生活風格店去採購許多讓家裡空間更溫馨和舒適的小物,像是cushion,原指緩衝外力的物體,後來也有沙發上的靠墊意思,每次都會選購很可愛的動物造型或上頭有調皮水果表情,讓回家變成非常安心又充滿創意的園地喔!那能夠舉一反三的同學應該立刻會舉手問老師:「那車輛上的安全氣囊可以緩衝車禍的撞擊,也可以這樣使用嗎?」這樣的聯想受到老師的高度肯定而且很必要的,學習語言如果無法觸類旁通是會很混亂所以溫故知新是很重要的。好!那老師就來解答同學的疑惑:所謂的安全氣囊是airbag,千萬不要跟拿來放食物保鮮的真空袋airtight bag搞混了,在醫院如果聽到醫生說" Bag the patient now!"就是快點擠壓氧氣補給立即供應患者大腦氧氣,這些都是非常實用的表達喔!!另外分享一個生活小常識:當緊急情況公共場所有人需要用自動體外心臟去顫器(AED:Automated External Defibrillator) 是一種可以攜帶的醫療設備,它可以診斷特定的心律不正,並且給予去顫電擊,專門為急救瀕臨猝死病患的儀器。 這時候相關人員準備電擊前大喊:Clear!退後或不要靠近!,你可別誤聽為「清楚了嗎?」甚至你聽到警方說:Freeze!也千萬不要輕舉妄動,在國外體制中警察有當場擊斃任何有攻擊意圖的嫌疑犯,所以不管在機場或路上都要聽懂這救命的指示! EX:The airbags serve as the cushion against the impact caused by the car collision so as to significantly reduce the degree of the injury and the casualties. (安全氣囊可以在車輛相撞時緩衝外力,有效降低傷亡程度。) The name for the large pillows on a sofa is a cushion. 很多同學讀完上期的飯店住宿英文才發現學問很多吧?也了解原來surname=family name=last name都是指華人的「姓」,這可是在機場櫃台報到、護照查驗台和飯店入住的基本英文,萬一行李轉盤裡看不到自己的luggage就要立刻通知在場的櫃檯人員,而你的資料也需要last name來做快速的搜尋;也知道千萬不要悶著頭不理Housekeeping,到時後就別怪飯店人員以為房客離開而闖進來清潔了。當然,到了各國都有付小費(Tip)的國際禮儀,老師建議可以準備一塊美金放在床頭櫃上給辛苦的房務員,在澳洲打工度假的學生還在飯店裡收到客人留下的精美甜點犒賞她的付出,這真是非常大的鼓勵呢!最近泰國的國際飯店也推出eco-friendly policy(環保政策)在毛巾上放上標語" I will still use the towel as the first step of protecting our earth"(我會繼續使用同條毛巾,這是保護我們地球的第一步。),可以有效率地減少用水量和洗潔劑使用,讓整體環境都可以有機會修復和永續發展,掛上一個充滿環保意識(environment-aware)的牌子讓這趟住宿更有意義。想必上次的內容同學感到非常喜愛想要多學一點,那就讓老師分享更多實用的飯店旅遊英文吧! 3.早餐篇:Bonjour, Time for Breakfast! Concierge:A;Guest:B(櫃臺接待人員:A;房客:B) A: Morning sir, this is your wake-up call at 7 a.m.. And our housekeeping service will start from 8 to 11 a.m.. and our breakfast will be available from 7-9. 先生您早,這是您七點的提醒起床電話。我們的房間打掃服務會從早上八點到十一點開始進行,而我們的早餐於七點到九點供房客用餐。 B:Thanks for your calling and does the accommodate rate include the breakfast? And I don't need any housekeeping with all my stuff scattered all over the floor, could you inform them of that? 謝謝,請問住宿費有包含早餐嗎?還有我的個人用品滿地都是還不需要房間打掃,你可以替我報備嗎? A:First, the complimentary breakfast is included in your payment and we can certainly save you some sandwiches and bread if you miss it. Second, if the housekeeping is not needed, please hang the sign " No Disturbance" on the door knob. 首先,您的房價已經包含免費的早餐,如果您會錯過這個時間,我們會替您留些三明治和麵包。再者,如果不需要房務清潔,請在門把上掛著「請勿打擾」就可以了! B:Got it! That's very kind of you 那我了解了,您費心了! &Scatter(v.)散落;散佈 EX.:The sky is scattered with stars bright and so far-fetched. 天空佈滿星辰如此明亮而遙不可及。 由流行鄉村歌手Lady Antebellum(懷舊女郎)所演唱的" Need You Now" 歌詞裡面就提到: "Picture perfect memories, scattered all around the floor. Reaching for the phone call, I can't fight it anymore, and I wonder if I ever cross your mind." 過去美好的畫面,都散落在每個角落。我再也無法抵抗想打給你的衝動,而且我也想知道是否你也想起了我。 是不是非常美的歌詞,也表達在感情中的折騰和心情起伏呢!當你想念一個人你會用怎樣的文字去表達呢?I can't live with you just like I cannot live without oxygen. 口語秒殺表達句: ●Got it! 我懂了!/拿到了!= I understand.=I get your point.= The message is clear. ●Got you! 我逮到你了= You are screwed!= You are a dead meat! ●That beats me! 真考倒我了!=I am so clueless.= It's beyond my knowledge. ●Please keep me posted!有任何隨時通知我 ●I'd like to make a long-distance call.我想撥打長途電話 ●I'll take it as a compliment!我當你在誇獎我囉! →compliment (v.)(n.)誇獎恭維;complimentary=free of charge免費 同學要把supplement(n.)營養補給品和complement(n.)補充物做區別。 (有時候不清楚對方是在諷刺tease或是真心誇獎praise時,這句話就可以拿來救急了。) ●Socks on the doorknob襪子在門把?通常美國大學生活中很常見的表達語,代表事先通知宿舍室友自己有訪客前來,可能會有些打擾了,也會體貼在對方桌上放著旅館費用,讓室友委屈一晚了。 ●The room smells moldy and reeks of cigarettes. You need to spray some air freshener.這房間有霉味還充斥著菸臭味,真該噴點空氣清香劑。 4. 詢問篇:Where to go? A. How far is it from the hotel to downtown? (請問飯店這裡到市區有多遠?) B. Are there any brochures available about your city? (請問還有介紹這座城市的手冊嗎?) C. Should I sign up for the Stonehenge tour here? (巨石群之形需要在這裡報名嗎?) D.The local travel agency can arrange one-day cruise for tourists? (這裡的旅行社可以替旅客安排一日遊輪行嗎? E. Do you take traveler's check? (你們收旅遊支票嗎?→請特別注意信用卡和旅遊支票都要用中文簽名,萬一遺失才不會馬上被盜用喔!) 5. 退房篇:Check-out / Getting to the airport Concierge: A;Guest:B(櫃臺接待人員:A;房客:B) A:Did you enjoy your stay with us? 在本飯店休息都還滿意嗎? B:Actually, PASSABLE. But, I now need to get to the airport. I have a flight that leaves in about three hours, so what is the quickest way to get there? 還行啦!但我現在必須就要到機場了,我班機三個小時內就要飛了,現在怎麼去是最快的方法? A:We do have a free airport shuttle service/courtesy bus service. 我們有免費的機場接駁車 B:That sounds great, but will it get me to the airport on time? 聽起來不錯呢!但我這樣還能準時趕到機場嗎? A:Yes, it should be. The next shuttle leaves in 15 minutes, and it takes almost 40 minutes to get to the airport. 應該可以的。下班街駁車15分鐘內就要開了,但要花40分鐘才會到機場喔! B:That's a great relief. I'll just wait in the lounge area. Will you please let me know when it will be leaving? 真讓我鬆口氣了,那我就在休息區等等好了。你可以讓我知道他哪時候要開走嗎? A:Of course, sir. Before you depart would you be able to settle the mini-bar bill? 先生當然沒問題!但您可能要在離開前,先結算在酒吧消費喔! B:Sure thing. How much will that be? 這是應該的。那總共多少錢呢? A:Let's see. The bill comes to $80 with tips included. How would you like to pay for that? 好的我看看,總共是八十塊美金含小費,您付款的方式為? B:I'll pay by my Master Card, thanks. But I'll need a receipt as the proof my expenses so that it will be fully reimbursed in the accounting department. 謝謝,我用萬事達卡付費。但我需要收據以玆證明付費證明,之後才能回公司跟會計部人員報賬。 A:Absolutely. Here we are sir. If you like you can leave your luggage with the porter and he can load them onto the shuttle for you when it arrives. 好的。這樣就可以了先生。如果可以就把您的行李留給搬運人員等車來了就可以搬運上接駁車。 B:That would be great thank you. 那真是太好了,感謝。 A:Would you like to have some feedback on the hotel guestbook too while you wait? B:Sure, I had a really good stay here and I'll recommend your hotel to others to come here.『特別提醒:住院可別用live in the hospital(居住或生活在醫院)→stay at the hospital(短期停留在醫院)才對』 的確,我這幾天的確很享受在這裡的住宿,而且會推薦貴飯店給朋友來入住。 A:That's good to hear. Thank you again for staying at Paradise Resort Hotel. 那可真是太好了,感謝您再次入住天堂渡假村飯店。 『本專刊內容由王軒老師提供,並與本社編輯部共同策畫製作』
-
英文原來這樣說 (English is A Piece of Cake)
「或許在三十歲前去國外打工度假是不錯的計畫?」、「趁大學開學前我來背包行腳感受世界的生活型態吧!」、「爸媽!我想知道自己的英文程度是否可以應付實際生活的考驗,所以我想去英國唸語言學校好嗎?」、「老師,出國很危險對不對?要是不懂英文產生誤會或是被坑了就糟糕了!」。每年只要暑假前就會接到很多親朋好友家長學生電話詢問,其實不論是出國旅遊或是背包打工等行程都是非常好實現夢想和體會外國生活的方法呢!在本專欄開刊的時候,老師就以英國背包的生活經驗和習慣用語分享給大家,但是其實家人最擔心的就是你的「落腳處」。特別是歐美的大雪季,就算有錢也不見得有地方住,所以事前訂房就變得十分重要了!還記得老師第一次去英國背包要去超過十個城市,其實在倫敦慢活將近十天之久,擔心之餘書信往返我還非常雞婆熬夜到半夜打去當地確認。其實,根本不用這麼麻煩,今天有幸翻到老師的專欄就要告訴你許多旅遊訂房的小撇步喔! 另外還有加碼內容由正在國際大飯店工作的Hugo Chen親自來信提問遇到的問題和如何應變客人的要求等等,想必同學也能獲益良多喔!那就準備開始今天的精采內容,好好保存就是你的出國寶典了。 【如何選擇價格實在又安全的住處呢?】 提醒:一個城市最少要安排兩天一夜的行程,才能從容應對非預期的行程變更。 那就請來參加國際比價網:http://www.funtime.com.tw/ovehotel/ 裡面的實用資訊包羅萬象從國際機票、國內外民宿飯店、租車訊息和匯率比價通通都有,可以讓你好好精打細算又可以安心規劃旅程,真是一舉數得。 首先設定好國家及入住(check-in)和退房(check-out)日期,就可以輕鬆找到理想的價錢和位置,但同學千萬不要只是看了價錢偏高都不考慮,可以注意搜尋出的資訊旁有個「地理位置」,打開地圖確認後,如果離車站步行20分鐘內或離景點不遠其實可以認真考慮,不然人生地不熟有時候火車又delay,到當地又是黑漆漆一片,那才是叫天天不應的無助感呢!當然這個網站最棒的地方就是「中文講解」和「住宿心得」,住宿環境品質都一目暸然囉!也不需要害怕英文不夠好而浪費時間查單字又不得其門而入了!這下子出國的動力是否更大了呢?有了舒適的住處才能讓旅程在獲得充足休息後更加順利。 &飯店網站常見的重要單字介紹:多益閱讀測驗必考單字 1.contact information聯絡資訊(電話或電子郵件地址) 2.location & transportation(地點及抵達交通方式) 3.accommodation rate(住宿費用:rate表示隨匯率有所變動的費用) 4.room size (房間尺寸) 5.prospective guest(即將入住的房客) 6.booking record(訂房紀錄) 7.deposit w/ credit, refundable(限用信用卡付訂金,可退還) 8.non-smoking floor禁煙樓層 9.electronic key(E-card) /sensor key電子鑰匙 10.Gourmet (美食館用餐訊息) 11.Facilities(相關服務設施) 12.laundry service(洗衣服務) 13.Travel Guide(旅行導覽) ※實境英文訓練及狀況應對:飯店篇 1.入住篇:Check-in Concierge: A ;Guest: B(櫃臺接待人員:A ;房客:B) A: Welcome to Paradise Resort Hotel, may I help you? 飯店人員:歡迎光臨天堂渡假飯店 B: Oh, yes! I'd like to check in for my five-day stay in your hotel. 房客:喔,是的!我想要入住你們飯店五天。 A: Sure, what's the name under the reservation? 飯店人員:沒問題,請問是登記在誰的名下呢? B: Excuse me? You meant my full name? 房客:不好意思,你是指我的全名嗎? A: Just your surname please. 飯店人員:麻煩只要你的姓就好。 B: My surname name is Wang, W-A-N-G. 房客:我的姓是「王」,英文拼音是W-A-N-G.。 A: Alright, I do have your booking information for a business suite. Here's your room key and here's a reminder that all the refreshments in your room will be clearly priced if you feel like having some and just make the payment when you return the electronic key. Please feel free to let me know if you have any questions. Enjoy your stay! 飯店人員:好的,我確實有你所預定的商務套房資訊。這是你的房間鑰匙還有提醒您所有在房間的點心都有明確標上價錢,如果您想享用可以在退房那天連同電子鑰匙一起付清費用即可。如果您有任何問題請放心詢問,希望您入住愉快。 旅遊小筆記: 其實在世界各地有不同類型的住宿環境,你知道幾種呢? ●Inn原意為客棧但其實都是該地區的有相當規模飯店,光是老師學校附近的Canada Inn就有十五層樓高,還以為是卡通獵人裡的天空競技場呢! ●Motel靠近高速公路旁替長途趕路的旅人而建立的並聯式房間,通常電影裡都會看到上頭招牌有大大的" Vacant Rooms有空房"或是" All Occupied房間全滿" ●Villa Resort很明顯Villa別墅通常靠近海岸邊享受海風吹拂,遠離都會區享受非常愜意的生活,除了大家所熟知的觀光景點,其實只要搭小船都可以抵達島上的Villa Resort享受貴賓般的待遇也不會有人擠人的煩躁了! ●Youth Hotel青年旅社其實是開放給國際學生或預算較少的朋友們去居住!環境很簡單也有很多機會和各國背包客交流資訊和一起出遊呢!下次有機會還可以到對方國家去參訪,等於住宿和遊覽地陪都一次擁有喔! ●Hostel Travel lodge ●Log Cabin小木屋完全是童話故事中被濃密森林所覆蓋住的小矮人住家,不管是醒著或入睡都在大自然的環境中確實很心曠神怡。也由於現在很多觀光區也開放旅客進駐並且有觀光行程遊覽,讓這些名勝風光都有機會讓外地遊客一睹風采。但真的要小心用火和烹煮的動作,以免小木屋變成營火晚會了,這可要留下來洗盤子還債。大家出遊還是要謹慎些呢! ●Squat Apartment如果拜讀過連美恩所書寫的沙發客紀實,就會了解在歐洲國家特別是荷蘭,只要房子超過一年都沒有接水電的情況下,入住的客人就可以暫時待著甚至還可以成為房子的合法繼承人喔,這種行為就叫做Squat,原意是「蹲下」延伸的意思就是「佔據房子」的意思,應該很好理解喔! 【20-bedded room? 20個房間嗎?】各位同學看到別害怕,這裡的意思是指一個大房間中有20個旅客共同居住,如果身上有貴重物品也要特別注意喔!也會採取上下舖(bunk bed)的睡法,若是無法忍受別人的打呼聲或是淺眠者(因為通常有房客需要凌晨離開趕火車,所以行李收放都會產生不小的聲響喔! 2. 抱怨篇:What happened to my room? Concierge: A ;Guest: B(櫃臺接待人員:A;房客:B) A: This is front desk, what could I do for you? 櫃檯您好,請問有任何需要服務的地方嗎? B: Yes, plenty of. First, my toilet is flooding all over the floor after using and my water heater is obviously not working so that I may catch a cold for such poor service. 是的,非常多。首先我的廁所使用後淹水淹到整個地板都是而且我的熱水器也沒反應,這麼糟糕的設備讓我都快感冒了。 A: I feel terribly sorry for all you have experienced, and I will immediately call the plumber and the technician up to your room for prompt check and repairs. Again, we'll be fully responsible for your stay and comfort. Since you still have four days before check-out, we'll arrange to the room next to yours for well-equipped facilities and a bottle of premium red wine as the token of our apology. 對於您所經歷的這些狀況我深感抱歉,我會立刻派水電工和技師到您的房間去做立即的檢測和修理。再者,我們會負起全責讓您入住舒適。既然您還有四天才退房,我們將安排您到隔壁設備良好的房間進行盥洗,也附上高級紅酒當做我們陪罪的一點心意。 飯店必學句(中文) 英文翻譯 我的廁所塞住了 My toilet is clogged. 我找不到吹風機 There's no way I can find the hairdryer. 窗簾怎會卡住了 Why is the curtain stuck there? 床單上怎會有污漬 How could the bed sheet get stained? 請再給我兩條毛巾 Please bring me another two towels! 有提供免費早餐嗎? Do you offer any complimentary breakfast? 有飯店到機場的接駁車嗎? Are there any shuttle buses from the hotel to the airport? 注意courtesy bus才是免費的通車服務喔! ※腦力激盪問題:請問房客遇到哪些問題呢? A: Fine, that sounds reasonable. ●通常業界禮貌稱呼所有的接待人員都是receptionist,比如婚禮的接待人員wedding receptionist來替新人雙方家庭款待客人並引導入場;在飯店裡頭就複雜多了,行李服務員是bellhop,而櫃檯負責安排入住退房的是concierge/ front desk,而早上都會敲門詢問是否要客房清潔的是housekeeper/maid,餐廳裡頭的服務員是waiter喔!可別弄錯。另外如果早上不希望被打擾或希望保持現況,可以在門口掛上" No Housekeeping",或是對方詢問時可以說:「Please come back in the afternoon.」可以讓你好好享受早上的悠閒時光而不會被吸塵器弄得心情很BLUE了,萬一都不回話客房清潔人員可是會拿著萬能鑰匙Master Key進來喔,到時候可尷尬到極點了! ●房間的種類選擇有哪些呢? A. Presidential Suite 總統套房B. Business Suite 商務套房C. King -Size Bed 特大床(由三張雙人床所組成)D. Queen -Size Bed大床(由兩張雙人床所組成) E. Double Room 雙人床(兩張床合在一起)F. Twin Room 雙人床(兩張分開的床)G. Single Room 單人房 H. Bunk Bed上下舖(軍舖) I. Attic樓中樓(屋頂很近) 『本專刊內容由王軒老師提供,並與本社編輯部共同策畫製作』
-
英文原來這樣說 (English is A Piece of Cake)
放眼全世界的英文檢定考試,不外乎都在著重聽力與寫作的題型,好像不得不去書店搶購一本世界偉人演講精選集或新聞英文名言語錄,在各大重要就職典禮或國家領導人所謹慎擬出的內容可屬珍貴,但老掛在嘴上可會變成掉書袋,原封不動就失去創意性了。學習從寫作表達句中提升用字和豐富結構,肯定會讓讀者更有耳目一新。從102和103年的學測指考題型就可以瞭解,專家學者對於英文教育程度提升有長足的進步和大幅度的修改,不但將國外常見生活用字放進考題中,更有國際型水準的圖表題型出籠,完全不輸世界留學語言測驗的英國雅思和美國托福,商業時事單字也提醒各位同學要觸類旁通時事議題。 生活小字典 各位同學在國外使用皮膚藥膏、保養品、各類食品產品上都會有清楚英文標示: --If you experience any irritations, please consult your doctor before use. irritate(v.)惹怒或引起不適→irritation(n.) 另外老師在補充幾種身體不舒服的相關語吧! (A) I have felt so itchy after using that herbal soap. 用了那個藥皂我全身發癢。 (B) The stuffy hot weather gave me the rashes all over my back. 這種悶熱的天氣讓我整個背都發紅疹。 (C) The sea wave made me really nauseous. 這海浪讓我非常想吐。 (D) That violent movie was so disturbing that I cringed at the corner of my chair. 我非常不喜歡這部電影,所以我整個瑟縮在椅子邊。 (E) My gums were terribly swollen and it gave me a restless night. 我的牙齦腫得很嚴重,整晚都睡不著。 (F) Jay is now having the heart-attack, please call an ambulance. 傑現在心臟病發,請叫救護車。(此為實例) EX.:Peanut butter will irritate my stomach.(花生醬引起胃部不適。) 前陣子房地產(real estate )議題炒很兇甚至還入題了,國際也吹起了回鄉勞工潮減低房租(rent)壓力,這與之前往都市發展而導致的人力外流(brain drain)現象形成對比。想必大家對於商業區(commercial areas)、都會區(metropolitan areas)、住宅區(residential areas)、工業區(industrial areas→industrious是指「勤勉努力的」=diligent請注意喔!)、郊區(in the suburbs=on the outskirts)、鄉村地帶( the rural areas=in the countryside)都很熟悉,也是翻譯題的最愛。政府與人民因理念不同或涉及利益衝突(conflict of interests)而對於都更案(Urban Renewal Project)有些歧見,引發社會各界的關注,就連即將啟動的桃園航空城計畫(Taoyuan Aerotropolis)也是影響台灣未來與國際接軌的重要工程也是經過許多的協調和開了無數場人民大會(convention)才如期進行(proceed as anticipated)。那就來練習大考的經典題目吧! 1.都會地區的高房價對社會產生的嚴重的衝擊。 The high house (housing) price in metropolitan areas has given rise to a severe impact. *扣分焦點: A.很多英文學習者都容易忘記主詞與動詞單複數型的一致性,翻譯中的"price"與"has"就是很容易因為areas寫成have了! B.其實在做正式簡報或商業書信使用:give rise to屬於學術型寫作,在第一時間表達會顯得冗長和不明確,建議大家可以使用: →A+ led(leads) to + B/ A + contributes(d) to + B / A + results(ed) in + B cause可以簡單得分,但如果是正式場合表達會顯得過於隨便。 2.政府正推出新的政策,以滿足人們的住房需求。 The government is now launching a news strategy so as to satisfy people's housing demand. 「打房」一詞的翻譯,視不同狀況下強調不同的意涵。 奢侈稅=luxury tax; 新加坡用 property tax 高房價=house/housing price hike/s 打房=制抑高房價=fight/ease/blast/cool housing price hike *扣分焦點: A.很多中高級程度的考生都會在時態上判斷過久而錯失考試寶貴時間,至少要留10分鐘來檢查翻譯寫作內容和15分鐘來確認前面填寫選擇是正確完整的。在華語師資課程中的經驗可以跟大家分享: →中文裡「了」、「已經」:就是代表已經完成動作指令,所以可以用『現在完成式』或『簡單過去式』就可以表達句意。 EX.:The new software was recently installed for use exclusively for school faculty. →中文裡「到……時候才」,代表是未來某時間才會達到完成指令,所以使用『未來完成式』。 EX.:Raymond will have worked in this company for ten years next June. →中文裡『前幾天』: few days ago= the other day(非未來語態) →中文裡『兩週一次』: every two weeks =fortnightly →中文裡『每年度』: every year =annually →中文裡『當時或到時候(過去未來皆適用)』: then( See you then.) B. launch (v.)原指火箭(skyrocket)要準備發射的預備動作,後來用在非常廣泛的狀況,另外物價飆漲也可以說(The cost of living is skyrocketing/soaring.)都非常重要喔!: & launch the new product介紹新品 & launch (stage) a demonstration發起示威 & launch a campaign開展宣傳活動 & launch a strategy推出策略 而政府的「實施政策」會用到【implement the policy】慎用單字。 那麼接下來Brian老師要帶領同學一起來動動筆,讓你從最簡單最生活化的句型瞬間提昇你的表達能力而不費吹灰之力喔! 《中翻英》學生答案:A;老師答案:B 1.下課後,我都直接去補習班。 A:After school, I usually go directly to the cram school. B:I always head to the cram after the school is dismissed. 解析: 『head』用的非常巧妙,從頭部轉品為「前進前往」,是否更加生動活潑了呢!而且學校下課或隊伍解散都可以用dismiss,若是人則是被「開除」了!而且偷偷分享小秘訣,盡量不要把句子分開寫,好好利用連接詞可以一氣呵成。 2.台灣高中目標為升學和美國高中差別甚大。 A: Taiwan high school aims at advanced education, which is totally different from American high school. B: The goal of Taiwan high school centered on studying further is different from that of American high school. 解析: →B句很明顯把台灣高中的「目標」和美國高中的「目標=THAT」作對比,可以運用在很多情況:如兩地天氣或兩物價錢等等。 3.威利沒想到自己竟然可以三天內學會開車。 A: Willy never thought that he could learn to drive within three days. B: Unexpectedly, Willy learned how to drive in three days. 解析: 大家下筆都會急著把會的單字通通逐字逐句翻出來,曾經讀過的經典片語都忘了用出來。許多漂亮的語氣轉折語都可以讓說話者語氣更清楚(Surprisingly,…./ Ironically,/ Amazingly,./Unbelievably,./ Unfortunately,);而這邊使用到學習某技巧的經典說法:learn how to + VR( play the piano/ski/ swim/ dive/ operate the machinery….)同學可要多注意;而時間表達介係詞也是大家沒搞清楚的重點:within+不確定的一段時間,而in+明確有限制的時間長度中。 4.你可以為我破例一次嗎? A: Can you break the rule for me once? B: Could you bend the rule for me this time? 解析: 聰明的同學肯定立刻分辨出Can與Could 的禮貌用法。可惜地,大家在口語上卻很常說I want this or Give me that,可是很粗鄙(vulgar)又失國際水準呢! I feel like +V-ing /N. /Np.= I would/love to VR.= I tend to我通常都…. VR. V.S. I intend to VR.我籌備著要…… 5.對西方人來說,與其花時間在背誦內容倒不如養成獨立思考和快速吸收大量資料的能力。 A: To westerners, it's better to develop the independent thinking and quickly acquire the ability of absorbing a large amount of information. B: To westerns, they would rather spend more time cultivating the critical thinking as well as the approaches to absorbing the considerable amount of information. 解析: 其實本句在於如何重組結構,不僅好讀也很好念。這裡老師分享一個心得,如果一個很拗口或難以表達情感的句子,通常都需要重新修改和替換用字的!同學看到句子寫下翻譯,卻沒注意到對象"Westerners"和中文句中沒有的"They"來敘述說明對象,而且其實對於國外的朋友來說所謂的「獨立性思考」事實上就是「批判性思考」,甚至還是國外必修課之一呢!這就是文化差異要注意的部份了!【養成】使用Develop確實合適,但用起Cultivate就會更有層次,因為就是從Culture(文化)來的!而多半對於數量詞概念很薄弱的台灣學子對於大量時間只會想到" a lot of ",其實英文文章都很常使用" consider amount of"等等做表達為佳句連結。這裡的能力也可以用「方法」會更貼切,"Approach"其實是從字根proach捕捉而來,所以學習的能力或方法技巧都可以使用該字,要形容一個人能夠讓大家都主動接近和吸引認識就是很有親和力的『Approachable』,當然心胸寬大的『Accommodating』朋友也是很值得我們珍惜。 『本專刊內容由王軒老師提供,並與本社編輯部共同策畫製作』
-
In Praise of Kinmen's Architecture
I come from a neighborhood in America with identical concrete streets and similar-looking-houses on similarly-sectioned, similarly-manicured lots. In the 1960s, Malvina Reynolds wrote Little Boxes, a song about the suburban developments occurring a ten-minute drive away from my house: "...Little boxes on the hillside, little boxes all the same." Until I had access to a public transit pass, my world was just these identical homes and the nearby mall. In the same way that the 'modern' uniformity of the suburbs comforted new residents, the mall seems to be a universal comfort. This might be because of the perceived familiarity of it all--brands we know, products we know, under florescent lights and tiled floors, behind glass doors. Perhaps the gratification of a mall is that it is simultaneously 'modern' consumer culture, as well as devoid of culture. One doesn't get the sense that there's a story behind the number of stairs, or the placement of tiles, or the colors in these structures. It is 'simply a mall,' or it's 'simply a house." I love my neighborhood, but as a child, I couldn't help but feel an inexplicable sterility to these boxes upon boxes. Arriving in Kinmen was a welcome change for me: pastoral, distinct, and filled with symbolism in its architecture. The first time I entered a traditional Kinmen home, I was in awe. The grand wooden doors opened to reveal a beautiful courtyard with well-manicured potted plants lining the red brick walls. The amount of craftsmanship that went into the extensive, individualized tiles and varying patterns in brickwork, as well as the delicately curved roofs, reminded me of the ornate details of religious buildings. Upon entering the fragrant bedrooms, I was reminded of my childhood desire to live in a tree house--the loft beds required a ladder to climb up, where it smelled even more like cedar wood. I couldn't believe that people live in such beautiful homes. Meanwhile, as I walked around, my friend explained the details. "This is the gong tile. See how it looks like the character for 'work'?" "And this is the ren tile. See how it looks like 'person'?" "These windows indicate that its the home of a wealthy person. See the number of slits in the window?" "And this is a swallowtail roof, that's a saddleback roof, and that's how you can tell the difference between temples and homes." The floors suddenly seemed more than red geometric tiles, and the walls and roofs were beyond beautiful parts of the structure. Everything seemed to have meaning. After living in Kinmen, I can no longer see a house as simply a house, but as a beacon where messages of family, religion, hopes, natural emblems, and history seem to shout through the tiles.
-
Independence Day
Summer is around the corner, which means Independence Day is on its way in the United States. The holiday marks America's separation from Great Britain. From 1775 to 1783, 13 British colonies in North America fought a war of independence to establish a new nation: the United States of America. Independence Day is also known as "The Fourth of July" since it occurs on July 4th. On July 4, 1776, the colonies announced their separation from Great Britain. The federal holiday commemorates the sacrifices of our Founding Fathers in order to establish what we now recognize as the United States of America. It is a day filled with impressive fireworks, lively parades, public readings of the Declaration of Independence, concerts, picnics, and family gatherings. Some communities hold fairs for families to attend and celebrate together. Many households proudly display the American flag outside their front door. For most Americans, this holiday provides an opportunity to celebrate the foundations of American nationalism as well as enjoy the company of friends and family. Americans look forward to this special day with its showcases of national pride, feasting, and outdoor activities. My family has many Independence Day traditions. Every year on Independence Day, we wake up early to bake, cook, and barbecue. We spend the entire morning cooking some of our favorite meals. After participating in the culinary traditions of the holiday, all seven of us hit the road and heads towards the Mall of Georgia. During Independence Day, this mall hosts a number of spectacular events. For example, the mall is known for its Independence Day fireworks, concerts, and festival for kids. It is a great family-oriented way to celebrate the holiday especially for a family as big as mine. After watching the fireworks, we return home exhausted and curl up on the couch with a rented movie. Independence Day is celebrated in numerous ways, but celebrations generally occur outdoors. These outdoor celebrations make the 4th of July the perfect holiday to venture outside and witness the attractions. As a nationally celebrated holiday, Independence Day offers Americans an opportunity to celebrate the birth of our nation. The public parading of national pride, outdoor celebrations, and fireworks are a magnificent sight to behold. The day allows people to reflect on what the Founding Fathers did in order to establish the nation. The diverse nature of Independence Day celebrations reflects the diversity of our nation as well as the creativity of its people .
-
Mother's Day at Jinning
Throughout the year, I have grown accustomed to celebrating holidays away from my family and with a Taiwanese flare. Little did I know, I would experience this Mother's Day from the vantage point of a teacher and access my own motherly side. While I showered my own mother with daughterly love, Mother's Day this year assumed a new form. I moved through the week with heart-warming awe at my students' talents-their artwork in Mother's Day lessons and their enthusiasm at our school's Mother's Day food and culture festival. Morning classes flew by with ease and excitement not only because it was Friday, but also because it was the morning of the school festival that would kick off Mother's Day weekend. Students pretended not to watch the soft serve ice cream announce its presence on campus, and parents showed up to set up food booths. Instead of burrowing into my cubicle and planning the classes for the next week, I spent my morning channeling my own excitement into constructing an ice cream sandwich sign for my booth. Anticipating a treat-filled afternoon, I ate a light lunch and moseyed over to the gym for the kickoff ceremony. Fifth grader emcees carried the event along, first welcoming the principal on stage followed by performances by each grade. The students must have been going for a broad theme of maternal appreciation, for the acts showcased baby Aladdin characters, leopard cowboys, dancing basketball stars, and fierce traditional drummers. Smartphones and iPads generously surrendered an hour of memory to capture every ounce of student devotion to maternal love. The party migrated outside where lines of parents and students slithered throughout the halls ready to devour overwhelming wafts of fried goodness. Students represented their homeroom classes from behind a variety of booths ranging from waffles and ice cream, to ball tossing games, to trinket shops, to soda floats. My station was positioned at the end of the main corridor and became a popular place for hungry and adventurous middle school students. After my "All American Ice Cream Cookie Sandwiches" sold out, I made sure to shop at all booths. I'm glad I was able to spend this Mother's Day in a space where I could glean a sense of what it feels like to be a motherly figure by seeing my young pupils shine. Moreover, I saw how my students are capable of magic when they feel connected to the meaning behind school activities.
-
Goodbye,Kinmen
Before coming to Kinmen in August, I had never heard of the place. One of my history professors remembered reading about it in the 1950s or 1960s due to China shelling the island, but he couldn't exactly remember many specifics. The internet did not help much, but I got a sense of what to expect on Kinmen. However, after arriving in August, all of my assumptions were shattered. I did not see any red warning signs noting minefields were somewhere nearby. It was not a war-torn military island-it was beautiful with finely kempt foliage lining the roads. I thought that I'd be very bored after spending a few months here because it's such a small island. I figured that I'd knock out all of the attractions and places to visit rather quickly. Once again, my expectations were wrong. I now realize that I do not have enough time left on Kinmen to do everything that I want to-find more wind lions, explore off-the-beaten-path beaches, visit more tunnels, and do some more hiking on Taiwu. Both Big and Little Kinmen are full of so many hidden treasures that it saddens me that not many people know what they have to offer to tourists. The museums and tunnels tell of a time that few people know about after the Chinese Civil War. The restaurants and food stands have delicious foods (fried oysters, shaved ice, taro, jian bing) and drink (kaoliang) that I will probably never have the pleasure of tasting after I leave Kinmen. One of my biggest fears about living so far away from home was being away from family and friends in America. I've never been away from home for so long, and I thought that it would take its toll on me. At times, homesickness struck, but for the most part, the new friends and "family" that I have made on Kinmen have helped me to enjoy my stay. I have made friends that I will keep for many, many years to come, and I am now a part of a family that I never expected to become a member of. The teachers, administrators, and students at 上岐 Elementary School welcomed me with open arms and took me in as one of their own immediately. They look out for me and still make sure that I am enjoying myself. On Monday nights, we have a small game night/conversation hour where we teach each other traditional games or discuss differences between the U.S. and Taiwan. Leaving these people will be one of the hardest parts as I begin the next chapter of my life. I've enjoyed my time on Kinmen so much that I applied for a scholarship to study in Taipei, which I received a few weeks ago. The goodbyes won't be so hard since I'll only be a plane ride away. Goodbye, Kinmen-for now.
-
Trash Talk: Sense of Community; Collective Responsibility
To put it bluntly: I am lazy. Trash is unpleasant. It's unsurprising that the Taiwanese garbage system initially felt inconvenient and unpleasantto me. In America, I was accustomed to stuffing trash in bins, leaving them alone in front of my house, and trusting that the garbage worker would collect them. But when I considered the piles of litter on corners in my hometown, or the numerous tumbleweed-like shopping bags that floated on streets, I realized the beautiful social design of the Taiwanese trash collection system. In the American trash cycle, it is perhaps buy item, enjoy item, throw remnants of the item and its packaging away. You never think about it again as it treks to the landfill. In Taiwan, throwing away the trash is a literal exercise as well as an exercise in restraint, in consumer habits, in efficiency, and in social responsibility. On several occasions, I have announced that "I really need to stop buying things." This was because of how heavy each trash bag was and how sorting the trash made me aware of how many types of materials went into the packaging of every purchase. It was also because of how I felt much worse about the waste of the item than I felt good about the item I had purchased. By requiring citizens to literally hand the trash to the sanitary workers, it establishes a sense of community: not just toward getting to know your neighborhood garbage man or woman, but also your neighbors. Together, we wait while the garbage truck approaches, exchange glances, and often a smile. I can't imagine other occasions which invite small talk so naturally. In contrast, in my part of the American suburbs, I rarely had instances to talk to my neighbors. I can't even say I know their names. In handing trash to the sanitary worker, I am forced to confront the lifecycle of a product that became trash. We must sort them by plastics, papers, cans, and glassesto keep them pure with similar objects, so they can have another life and another use. The sanitary worker might shake their head when things are sorted improperly. They might even refuse to accept it. In some vaguely spiritual level, I appreciate this denial, as it gives respect to items as low as trash in that we must treat them mindfully. If we have done every step correctly in our trash sortingprocess, then the trash truck's mouth clamps down. In the vein of mindfulness, perhaps we can learn the most about ourselves in the way we treat the most unpleasant things. Even trash can provide a lesson. 『本專刊由<金門日報>編輯部與學術交流基金會(傅爾布萊特交換計畫/Fulbright Taiwan)共同策畫製作』
-
In Praise of Taiwan's Transportation
During Chinese New Year, I had a rare and enjoyable opportunity to travel part of Taiwan with my parents. We spent time in Taipei, Nantou, and Kaohsiung. Taiwan has an abundance of trees and foliage that are gloriously wild, and the rivers and lakes are very clean and fresh. The people we met were friendly, helpful, and patient. But besides the people and natural beauty, the transportation system impressed me.Taiwan's well-organized transportation system, from the Mass Rapid Transit (MRT), to the High Speed Rail (HSR), to the buses, allowed us to visit so many places over a short period of time. Without all of that, we may never have left Taipei. I have always known that Taiwan is a technologically advanced country. But I never realized what a big difference combining technology with transportation could make in daily life. My family lives near San Francisco, California.San Francisco is a well-known city with many great sights, including Golden Gate Park, Alcatraz, and the Golden Gate Bridge. But getting around is not always easy. San Francisco does not have an MRT like Taipei or Kaohsiung. It does not have a subway or underground system besides the Bay Area Rapid Transit (BART), which travels to Berkeley, a city located across the bay. BART can be used to get in and out of San Francisco but is not helpful for getting around inside the city. Also, BART has a reputation for being dirtyand inefficient since it only runs a few times each day. Even the bus system in Taiwan, specifically inKinmen, is better than San Francisco's.There are many city buses in California, but I think the bus system in Kinmenis more prompt.San Francisco buses run on electricity or natural gas, which are better for the environment than diesel fuel, but the buses are not completely reliable.With San Francisco's many steep hills, it is easier to take a bus than to drive a car or motorcycle. Driving a car can be a problem not only because of challenging urban driving situations but also because of the lack of parking. San Francisco is one of my favorite cities in the world because of its architectural beauty and colorful history. However, it is definitely more difficult to navigate thanmany Taiwanese cities. California hopes to fix this problem. The government has approved ahigh-speed rail that will go from San Francisco to Los Angeles. Unfortunately, the trainis not scheduled to be completed until sometime between 2020 and 2030. It will take a long time and a lot of urban planning for my native city to be as efficient with transportation as similar cities in Taiwan. I hope that our engineers use Taiwan as an example because Taiwan's speed, competence, consistency, and customer service have made traveling here quite a treat. 『本專刊由<金門日報>編輯部與學術交流基金會(傅爾布萊特交換計畫/Fulbright Taiwan)共同策畫製作』
-
The Purdy's Do Little Kinmen
In late March, my parents, David and Lynn, travelled to Kinmen to see what I had been up to for the past eight months. In order to give them a more authentic picture of my daily life, I brought them to my school, Xi Kou (西口國小), and had them act as "Foreign English Teachers" for the day. After their visit to Taiwan, I interviewed them about their day at school. Before arriving in Kinmen, how did you imagine the island? Were you concerned about not speaking the language? David: I thought the island would be much smaller and flatter with military installations everywhere. I didn't expect the natural beauty of the islands and was impressed with the nicely landscaped roads, renovated villages, and new houses For months prior to the trip, I listened to Mandarin Chinese CDs in the car and memorized phrases such as, "Do you speak English?" and "I don't understand Chinese." Upon arrival at the hotel in Jincheng, I tried these lines and was met with blank stares. I then switched to English and they understood me. Were you nervous about spending a day as a "foreign teacher" in an elementary school? David: Surprisingly, yes! I do a lot of public speaking for my job, but I did feel anxious about getting up in front of classroom full of children. Maybe I was worried about doing something that would embarrass my daughter! The students were so friendly and charming that I quickly got over the initial nervousness. What were some of the most interesting questions the students asked you? David: I fully expected to have questions about my height (193 cm), so I wasn't surprised when a student asked, "How did you get so tall?" Another student asked why my nose was so big; I didn't know how to answer that one! Someone asked how old I was, and when I answered "59," he exclaimed - in English - "Oh my God!!" The most surprising question came from a third grader who asked if I thought the United States and Russia were entering a new cold war period, given the events unfolding in Crimea. What knowledge of current events! Did you learn anything new about Taiwanese culture or customs? David: I was really struck by the genuine respect shown by the pupils for their teachers. Seeing the children bow to my daughter at the end of class and say "Thank you Teacher Catherine" is something I will never forget. They even said "Thank you Teacher Catherine's Father and Thank you Teacher Catherine's Mother"! Any other thoughts you would like to share about your time spent in Kinmen? Lynn:The opportunity to be a "foreign teacher" for a day at Xi Kou is one of the best travel experiences I have ever had. I will never forget how welcoming everyone was and even though we speak different languages, I [felt] right at home.
-
Tea Time
My Sunday routine back in college could not be considered exciting; my day usually consisted of long stretches in the library and making lists about the endless tasks needing completion. Much of the day was focused on the future-I rarely took any time to slow down and be appreciative of the moment. Thanks to a tea class, now my Sundays in Kinmen look a little bit different. They are not wholly focused on preparation and anticipation; rather, they provide time for reflection and enjoyment. Along with two other ETAs, I spend two hours every Sunday drinking tea in a beautiful traditional house in Shuitou. I initially hesitated about signing up; how could I spend two hours every Sunday just drinking tea when I need to prepare my lesson plans? My addiction to tea quickly eclipsed any doubts. I am glad it did. I was wrong because we do not just drink tea-we learn about different kinds of tea, their properties, and the ceremony and sequence of sharing tea with guests. My tea classes have also been an extremely needed lesson in mindfulness. Our tea instructor plays traditional classical music in the background, and if you listen closely, you can hear the sound of the instruments alongside the bubbling of the water boiling in the teapot. Before each round of tea, you are invited to smell it before tasting. The sights around you are beautiful and soothing: artwork adorning the walls of the traditional room, and various tea instruments arranged symmetrically around the table. In these moments, I feel very aware of my surroundings. I think this kind of awareness has been helping me to centralize my thoughts and priorities-there is a time and place for everything. Today, we are inundated by distractions on the internet, especially when I am far from home and many of my friends and family live on the other side of a computer screen. However, I have realized that in order to get the deepest experience out of all of the things that I need to do, I need to focus on just one thing at a time! This means no cleaning my room while skyping my mom, and no reading the news while planning lessons for school. Instead of spreading myself thin over many activities at once, believe it or not, tea has taught me to focus my energy into one activity at a time. Furthermore, spending two hours drinking tea is not a waste of time-because the clarity and peace of mind that it gives me makes me more focused when I sit down later in the evening to write my lesson plans for the week. There is a time and place for relaxation, too!
-
英文原來這樣說 (English is A Piece of Cake)
「老闆說我用這個單字是很不禮貌?」、「英文面試我只要把背好的內容流利背出就好?」、「英文怎會老是有這些弦外之音?」、「新背的單字念法和意思都會混淆」、「我光商務報查英文就查飽了,哪有時間讀懂啦!」,以上這些都是同學你可能碰到的困擾,今天老師特別介紹「英文求職面試陷阱」和「令人常挫折的混淆字」給大家,不僅僅可以省下許多時間和金錢買書,也可以讓自己立刻運用到職場上的關鍵時刻喔!口說的表達看似簡單,但往往離開校園環境許久,舌頭可就不靈光了,若要談到本能性地回答英文問題,可能又是另一個挑戰。所以同學千萬不要因為身邊的英文讀物或是從前的課本太過簡單而小看,因為國人的閱讀和口說能力可以說是差距懸殊,英文能力展現第一印象還是口說能力決勝負!那就來一起活用英文動動嘴部肌肉,我們一起來看看:職場英文冒險記。 *發音總是絆腳石?準備好幾週的投影片簡介和日夜盤旋的演講內容卻毀在自己「有說沒人懂」又辭不達意嗎?問題在哪呢? 英文發音「r」和「l」大不同,前者需將舌頭往上後方壓,而發出緊縮捲舌音;後者僅需將舌尖置於第一排牙後頂住,並迅速往下方滑動接續下個發音聲符。那麼我們就來念念以下幾組單字: A. pressure(n.)壓力=stress ( I am stressed out!我完全精疲力盡了) EX.:Considering the shortage of the budget, we all need to work under great pressure and accomplish the work within the time constraint. (考慮到預算短缺,我們全體都要共體時艱,在高壓和時限內完成這件工作。) B. pleasure(n.)榮幸=honor★ privilege(n.)特權,the under-privileged弱勢族群 EX.:I've heard a lot about you, Mr. Joseph. It's my pleasure to meet you. Hope you'll enjoy the stay in Taiwan. (久仰大名,約瑟夫先生。認識您是我的榮幸,希望您在台期間一切順心。) A. arrogant(a.)自大的=stuck-up=self-centered=egoistic=complacent EX.:Arrogance will do you no good and let those opportunities walk away from you. Stay humble, it will give you room for advancement to excellence. (自負對你沒好處,還失去了許多機會。謙虛點會讓你有機會進步並走向卓越。)劇情可參考莫札特電影阿瑪提斯(Amadeus) B. elegant(a.)優雅的=graceful(Swan's song遺作) EX.:Accompanied with the flawless performance, the movements of the ballet dancers were so elegant that they won the standing ovation as well as the curtain call for almost an hour. (芭蕾舞者優雅舉止和完美的表演贏得滿堂彩,並讓謝幕長達一小時之久。) A. grocery(n.)生活雜貨(含食品food飲品beverages清潔劑detergents等等) EX.:Ah! We are running out of milk and please get me some bottles on your way to go groceries shopping at Walmart. (啊!我們牛奶都喝完了,請你去沃瑪賣場買生活必需品時順道買些吧!) B. glory(n.)光榮★ disgrace(n.)(v.)=shame羞恥(Her cheating on the test was a disgrace to her school.他考試作弊真是令學校蒙羞) EX.:Winning this tennis tournament is indeed a glory for both the athlete's family and his school. *別忘了athlete's food香港腳喔!哈哈! (贏了這場網球巡迴賽確實為自己家人和學校帶來榮耀。) ◆特別道地英文加料版!<尾音L也請努力念出喔!> A. bail(n.)保釋金(v.)保釋某人;臨時放棄或未能履約 *bait釣餌*→ bail me out!請把我保釋出去吧! EX.:To my disbelief, John and Sally bailed on me two days before our trip. I swore I would never speak to them ever again unless they come to knees and beg for my forgiveness. (我完全不敢相信,約翰和莎莉同時在旅遊前兩天臨陣脫逃,我發誓絕對不會再跟她們說話,除非他們跪下求我原諒。) B. belt(n.); conveyor belt食物傳輸帶→carousel行李轉盤(機場) ▲tighten one's belt緊縮荷包過活 EX.:Attention, passengers. This is your captain speaking. We are experiencing some turbulence and please remain seated with your seatbelt fastened. And make sure you have folded the tray tables as well as up-righted your seats. (各位乘客請注意,這是本班機長廣播。我們即將通過亂流,請留在座位上並且繫好安全帶;也請確認是否將用餐桌收好和豎直椅背。) *驚心動魄職場英文面試篇: 以上讓同學快速的了解以前可能忽略的發音和重要表達句型。本專欄力求實用和處理生活場景應對,讓同學在學習上不分年齡層和英文實力強弱,都可以輕鬆學習和方便蒐集時事英文,老師的用心也可見一斑!那接下來哪些職場英文面試會讓同學嚇出一身冷汗呢?一起來找碴吧! 1. Where would you finally work? 字面上看起來是:你最後會去哪裡工作呢? 其實意思就是:你對本公司是否有十足的熱忱和準備呢?還是帶著騎驢找馬的心態來參加這次的工作面試?所以到底要怎麼回答呢? 劣:Actually, I've sent a great number of applications to great companies in this industry. After the results coming out, I would decide which one I should work for. (事實上我寄了很多履歷申請表到許多優秀的公司。結果揭曉後,我才會決定要去哪家公司。)→這樣的回答非常不誠懇而且不尊重該面試公司! 優:To be frank, I've got some job offers from other companies but I will definitely work for your company for its excellence and stability which meet my expectations. (坦白說,我目前已經獲得其他公司的工作機會,但因為貴公司的傑出和穩定性完全符合我的期望,所以將來也會替貴公司效力。) 小提點:把自己已獲得其他工作機會的優勢在面談中表達出來 2. In the past work experience and school life, have you messed up anything? 你在以前的工作經驗和學校生活,是否有搞砸任何事情呢? 這個題目當然是要藉由以前的事件來了解面試者有無反省能力和謙卑學習的精神,在以充滿邏輯性的言論來說服面試官。可以說是非常重視動詞時態和事件排序的陷阱重重提問 劣:Not much. But during my college, I was always the person who undertook all the assignments because I couldn't take too much criticism and had the zero tolerance policy for any procrastination and excuses. (其實這方面經驗不多,但在大學期間我都獨自承擔許多作業,因為不想聽到太多歧見和遲交等等的藉口。) →往往得意忘形就會暴露出自己其實缺乏團隊精神而且無法接受不同聲音,即使有漂亮學經歷,公司還是會擔心你可能是問題人物(troublemaker)! 優:I consider myself a team player who cherishes valuable opinions from our participants and gradually developed my delegation skill in different projects. Sometimes our co-workers might think I've put too much emphasis on the details rather than the big picture, from which I also benefited a lot and processed one thing from various angles. A team with the same goal can be glued together and work all-out efforts and I could be an estate in the group no matter what role I would play. (我本身熱愛團隊合作,也非常珍惜在討論中不同寶貴的意見,也逐漸培養我在不同計畫中分配任務的經驗。同事有時候認為我太拘泥小細節而沒有全盤考量,從此我也學到要從不同角度來衡量一件事情。一個有共同目標的團隊可以緊密結合並且發揮最大的努力,而我不管在團隊裡扮演任何角色都是相當不可或缺的人物!)*這是老師精心分享的內容,就請同學背起來吧!!!!!!!!! 3. Why did you leave the previous company? 為什麼離開前一個任職公司呢? 通常很多人抓到這個機會大大貶抑前公司的不是,並且說明自己有多努力但就是沒有被器重,甚至還把前公司的黑幕都挖挖出來。看看下面兩位面試者的表現吧! 劣:Speaking of my previous company, I always worked overtime and got under-paid and to my great disappointment our out-of-touch supervisor was totally indifferent and harsh on exploiting each employee there. No matter how hard you work, they never gave you a raise and deliberately fabricated the reasons so as to make deduction to your salary..............(說到我的前公司,我老是加班卻又低薪收場,讓我最失望地就是完全天高皇帝遠的上司無情的剝削我們每一個員工。不管你多麼努力工作,永遠沒有加薪的機會,反而還會被老闆找一堆理由來扣薪水。) →翻舊帳是職場的大忌(big no-no),這麼憤世忌俗(cynical)是無法成氣候,做人格局還是要大點! 優:I really appreciate those resources and experience from my previous company. And it's time for me to move up to the greater challenges and seek more tasks domestically and even internationally. (我非常感激在前公司獲取的資源和經驗。對我來說是時候可以往規模更大的企業發展和擔任具有挑戰性的任務,可以更投入未來國內和海外事務。) 4.面試相關語精彩整理: A. Have I found my destination here? 我被錄取了嗎? B. How do you expect your compensation?期待的薪資為多少呢? C. Are you a conscientious employee?你是個有操守的員工嗎? D. Do you have anything else to add in this interview?你還有其他要補充的嗎? E. What does this position entail?你知道這份工作的內容嗎? F. Why should we consider you over the rest of candidates?為什麼要錄取妳?(妳能勝出其他候選者的原因是?) G. How much do you about our firm? How have you been preparing for this interview?你對本公司了解多少?你這陣子都怎麼準備這場面試呢? H. What are your strengths and shortcomings?請試說自己的優缺點 5.近十年的人力市場調查,有些人在面試間發生的荒謬行徑讓自己的工作也飛了。那我們來看看吧! 1.Candidate told the interviewer he was fired for beating up his last boss. 應徵者告訴面試官上次解雇的原因是揍了那位雇主。 2. An applicant said she was a "people person" not a "numbers person" -- in her interview for an accounting position. 這位申請說自己是跟"人"工作而不是跟"數字"工作→但她所申請的是會計師的職位! 3.During a phone interview the candidate flushed the toilet while talking to hiring manager. 在一次電話面談當中,這位應試者竟然邊沖馬桶邊回答這位經理。 4.The applicant took out a hair brush and brushed her hair. 面試者拿出一把梳子開始梳頭髮。 5.Candidate answered cell phone and asked the interviewer to leave her own office because it was a "private" conversation. 面試者在現場接了電話並且請面試官離開,因為這是「私人內容」。 『本專刊內容由王軒老師提供,並與本社編輯部共同策畫製作』
-
英文原來這樣說 (English is A Piece of Cake)
化妝台上閃著金黃髮絲的芭比娃娃被女孩們精心梳整,並且希望自己長大後可以如此的高雅和幸福,可以像灰姑娘中的女孩被高貴的王子當作一生的伴侶;看完美國電影<變形金剛>中的大黃蜂,想要創造機械帝國的男孩想前進世界機密單位,研發世界無敵武器來拯救世界、維護和平。以上看似合理不過的敘述情節,可是會被你的西方朋友嚴重譴責的,因為已經不自覺地犯了性別歧視(Sexism/ Sexual Discrimination)的罪條。有回溫哥華的朋友告知我:「喂? Brian妳知道蘇珊娜,就是在課堂上老是像妙麗一樣愛搶答的美國女孩,最後當了大使館(embassy)的保全。」哇!真是勇敢的決定,但女生跑去當保全未免有點太危險,而且遇到抗議團體或失控群眾很可怕,工時肯定也很長……話都還沒說完就被對方打斷,並且問我是不是在歧視女性,因為在國外不管是性別、職業、年紀、國籍,都不能成為工作面試或適任與否的標準。台灣的男護士越來越多,也是因為很多勞動和安全考量下廣設名額,但這在西方國家早就習以為常了,且得到的尊重和專業肯定是一樣的! 「那老師我們跟外國朋友說話都要很小心翼翼,壓力好大喔! 」其實也不用這麼想,敞開心胸去了解發言者的文化背景和立場後,以後在面對不同議題和狀況都可以有比較同理心去理解對方了!不管是充滿爭議性的「Diverse Family Formations」(多元成家方案)、「Surrogate Mother」(代理孕母)或是長年討論腦死或已經臥病受苦的病患是否能合法安樂死「Euthanasia」,都反映出我們的社會正在為人權和社會變遷中面臨的狀況來做應變和調整,在完善的措施因應出爐前,我們可以用更廣闊的胸襟和同理的態度來一起增進人民的福祉。面對不同的聲音和意見,應該用更多的智慧和愛來照顧更多的生命,不是嗎? 那麼同學知道我們台灣人有哪些習慣和歐洲美加朋友不同的嗎?在加拿大的時候,老師的朋友怎老像水鬼出現在宿舍門口呢?讓我們來看下去喔! 1.吹風機:(hairdryer)旅遊背包五星級單字 可說是老師到世界各地必備用品,千萬不要小家子氣買個迷你版,就算你有變電器(adaptor)都會瞬間爆炸,既然是長途旅行就別讓自己有染上風寒的危險!很多時間還要先搶先贏,到不丹的時候,一家可以容納300人的旅館竟然只有兩隻吹風機,理由很簡單:他們不吹頭!這在加拿大也是很家常便飯,主修聲樂的Maggie就算咳到肺都要掉出來,還是可以跑到學生餐廳(cafeteria)大口大口的吞下冰水,頭髮濕答答就到處亂跑串門子,在台灣這是很難置信!而且去藥局買成藥(over-the-counter medicine)很常見,畢竟健保(general health insurance)不普遍都會先去找家庭醫師(family doctor)諮詢。最近在美國也有感人的新聞,餐廳老闆發現自己的員工長了腦瘤(brain tumor)後,很心疼對方受苦也沒有妥善的醫療照顧,毅然決然賣掉店面來籌醫藥費給她治療,這偉大的舉動感動許多人。 2.冰水:Iced Water非常衝擊的生活單字篇 要提到武術奇才李小龍最愛的飲料:WATER,相信各位聰穎的讀者都知道夏天來杯冷飲非常透心涼,但走進飲料小鋪店員問你:「Iced or Cold Water?」千萬不要嚇到掉下巴,前者是加了冰塊的水,後者就是冰涼的水而已!但在韓國或歐洲國家旅遊過的朋友很清楚,店家都不會主動提供溫熱水,而是要顧客自己拿杯子去旁邊的飲水機裝;然而,加拿大華人人口多要從店家要到熱水非難事,但在歐美通常只能拿到bottled water,乾脆點道湯品暖暖凍僵的身體,抑或是步入充滿典雅芳香的餐廳點杯熱茶,這也是很美好的休息時間。旅行可是讓自己的身心靈放鬆的絕佳時刻,可別被過多的景點給搶戲了! &補充:tap water自來水(需收費); still water蒸餾水;bottled water寶特瓶水 boiled water 煮沸開水;sparking water氣泡水(很妙的口感); mouthwash漱口水【You have bad breath.你有口臭】 3. Meals:三餐內容,出國前請先練好廚藝! 嫁去澳洲的美美整天在臉書就怨言不斷,婆婆不喜歡她煮清粥小菜,一定要有蛋有培根和全麥麵包,為了身體健康也要適當的蔬果量,但冰冰冷冷的沙拉吃久了也會令人發抖!在國外除非妳親下廚,不然要喝點家常清湯都很難,一般餐廳一晚蛤蜊濃湯(clam chowder)都至少要六十塊起跳;生病的時候,華人大多都喜歡喝點清湯和清粥來體內環保,或是減少身體器官的負擔。西方朋友在我重感冒的時候,開始煮泡麵灑調味包(國外販賣的泡麵因為進出口限制少有肉塊在包裝物內),並強調這非常營養,一邊又叫我吃生的胡蘿蔔和芹菜棒!(這是哪招?)但如果各位同學不小心在國外感冒了,祛寒又護胃的國外熱飲就是:Apple cider with Cinnamon Stick(熱蘋果汁加肉桂條),溫熱的水果茶味配上咖啡常搭配的肉桂氣息,真的體力就恢復一大半了喔!。當然囉!「夜市」也是台灣一大特色,歐美國家商店營業時間大多六點就打烊完畢了,只能自己找三五好友聚聚會或是carpool一起到夜店跳跳舞,但沒想到竟然晚上十二點就關了!(台灣最晚到五點多)相形之下,平時真的就要備糧好,要是冰天雪地中連計程車都不開,正逢聖誕假期學校也停止提供餐點,五臟六腑就要鬧空城計了! 4. take a nap during lunch break:午休時間 歐美國家沒有所謂的留校加強課程或是送小孩往補習班跑的習慣,也因為課程時間短沒有強制學生要在課堂中休息,這沿襲日本佔領時期教育政策:午休。大多家長和學子都非常的認同也習以為常,但如果你在韓國的學校就讀,到了中午你自動趴下睡覺,老師反而會斥責你不出去活動或詢問是否生病了;場景換到公司,這種午休的狀況也是非常普遍的,但在歐美國家甚至香港都很少見到,可能會被視為偷懶或是前天夜生活太瘋狂所致。瑞士神經科學及兒童教育學者對此現象探討:人腦經過動眼期後需要約半小時來進入完全熟睡,而醒來也需要將近一個小時來讓大腦進行正常的知識吸收和運作。顯然地,午休時間短短30~40分鐘(各校規定有所差異)其實無法給學子有效率的休眠,甚至還有家長會團體希望廢除早自習讓孩子能多睡點。有時候看著孩子拖著比自己體型都還大的行李箱上課,也是挺不忍心的!但可貴地,台灣人平均國中畢業後能夠書寫相當大的單字量,還能閱讀報章並理解報導內容,義務教育時間拉長後文盲的比率下降許多。或許你覺得能寫字不是天經地義嗎?但在美國許多州,很多國中畢業的孩子甚至無法拼出基本的生活單字或寫出自己的名字呢!不見得都是『國外的月亮比較圓』(The grass on the other side of the fence is always greener.)。 5. Attitude& Compromise:處事態度與妥協 「為什麼你昨天放我鴿子?」「恩……對不起!」外國友人很常聽到台灣人對於衝突產生的時候,都會選擇先道歉!因為在國外SORRY代表你承認錯誤(admit making the mistake)而且問題都在自己身上(take all the blame),如果在法庭上根本不用辯護律師,這個單字代表你已經認了所有不利指控(all accusations against you)!其實與某個人對質(confront someone)就是去解決(deal with)問題和根除(root out)這個問題,而不是去一味指責對方(lash out on someone)或是讓對方當代罪羔羊(scapegoat)。往往「正視問題和避免衝突」在以和為貴的華人世界來說很難達到平衡,但外國朋友覺得就要TRUTH(真相)和DIRECTNESS(直接明瞭),反而會嚇壞很多朋友,認為自己好像犯了大錯!其實我們會不經意(inadvertently)地示弱(feel inferior to),但堅守立場(stick to one's principle)是很重要的,就算錯也可以把自己的反省向對方坦白,不要重蹈覆轍就行了! ◆新聞英文時間:Sweden Ranked: Best Country to Grow Old (瑞典獲選為最佳養老國) 哪裡適合退休?這新聞真的讓美國臉上無光,歐巴馬健保在討論期間,參議員認為美國政府會因這筆巨大預算倒閉(Government Shutdown)。台灣健保的建立和實施著實不易,提高國人就醫和治療的機會! 名列全球首富的美國只排行第八,英國甚至連前十名都擠不進去。此外,斯里蘭卡、玻利維亞和模里西斯等貧窮國家,由於進步的教育和醫療政策,得分高於眾人預期。 According to(根據) UN-backed report released(發布) on Tuesday, Sweden is the best country in the world for senior citizens(年長者) and Afghanistan the worst. While it may not be surprising that Sweden, Norway and Germany, with their universal pensions(國民年金) and extensive welfare(福利) programs, top the list, the survey did produce some surprising results. The United States, the world's richest country, only ranks eighth, and the UK doesn't even make the top 10. Moreover, poor countries like Sri Lanka, Bolivia and Mauritius scored much higher than might have been expected due to(由於) their progressive(逐漸進步的) education and healthcare policies. 『本專刊內容由王軒老師提供,並與本社編輯部共同策畫製作』
-
Teaching with Games
The only thing harder than studying a second language as a child is learning one as an adult. Parents want to give their children a head start in learning a language. Adults can understand the benefits of learning things early in life-they tend to regret that they complained their way out of Spanish lessons or piano class when they were children. As an English teacher, I'm expected to teach English. Children are expected to be good students and learn. Unlike adults, children don't recognize the economic and social benefits of learning languages. Of course not-they want to talk and run around, as children should. Kids sometimes resist learning because they think it's boring and want to play. Adults can set the bar too high by expecting children to constantly sit and recite vocabulary and dialogue. There's no doubt that learning a language at a young age is best. But adults have focus, motivation, and drive. If an adult tries to learn a language, they can put aside time to study and go to class. If you are a six-year old child, a parent forces you to do all that. That's why learning-games are so important. Learning-games can take many forms. They can be songs with movements to teach body parts, like "Head, Shoulders, Knees and Toes," or "The Hokey Pokey." Kids love songs and chants, and they can remember almost all of the words after only two or three repeats. For learning vocabulary, a game called "Memory" helps young learners to remember words. Make two sets of flash cards with pictures of whatever vocabulary you want, such as "cat," "dog," and "bird." Place the cards face down on the table randomly. Students must find two "cats," two "dogs," etc. When a player picks up a card, they must say the correct word, or put the card back and end their turn. If the player finds two of the same card and can say the correct word, then they can keep the cards. The player with the most cards wins. Games and songs are fun, lessons aren't. With games, the student can interact with teachers, parents, and classmates. Kids feel like something is happening, and they wholeheartedly pay attention. There are tons of resources online for activities, projects, and games. If you're a parent or a teacher and you want to teach English in a way that has your child smiling instead of complaining, then games are the way to go. 『本專刊由<金門日報>編輯部與學術交流基金會(傅爾布萊特交換計畫/Fulbright Taiwan)共同策畫製作』
